PaniniQA: Enhancing Patient Education Through Interactive Question Answering
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Abstract (arXiv)
Patient portal allows discharged patients to access their personalized discharge instructions in electronic health records (EHRs). However, many patients have difficulty understanding or memorizing their discharge instructions. In this paper, we present PaniniQA, a patient-centric interactive question answering system designed to help patients understand their discharge instructions. PaniniQA first identifies important clinical content from patients' discharge instructions and then formulates patient-specific educational questions. In addition, PaniniQA is also equipped with answer verification functionality to provide timely feedback to correct patients' misunderstandings. Our comprehensive automatic and human evaluation results demonstrate our PaniniQA is capable of improving patients' mastery of their medical instructions through effective interactions
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Aug 2023.
Builds on
38 of 75 references.
References · 38
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 6; 2025: 7; 2026: 3.
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- 2023NoteChat: A Dataset of Synthetic Doctor-Patient Conversations Conditioned on Clinical Notescited by 48
- 2023README: Bridging Medical Jargon and Lay Understanding for Patient Education through Data-Centric NLPcited by 17
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedbackcited by 14
- 2023Towards a Psychological Generalist AI: A Survey of Current Applications of Large Language Models and Future Prospectscited by 8
- 2024SportsMetrics: Blending Text and Numerical Data to Understand Information Fusion in LLMscited by 8
- 2023Improving Summarization with Human Editscited by 7
- 2025DischargeSim: A Simulation Benchmark for Educational Doctor-Patient Communication at Dischargecited by 7
- 2025MedReadCtrl: Personalizing medical text generation with readability-controlled instruction learningcited by 5
- 2023EHRTutor: Enhancing Patient Understanding of Discharge Instructionscited by 4
- 2025ChatThero: An LLM-Supported Chatbot for Behavior Change and Therapeutic Support in Addiction Recoverycited by 4
- 2025Chatbot To Help Patients Understand Their Healthcited by 4
- 2024Impact of Large Language Model Assistance on Patients Reading Clinical Notes: A Mixed-Methods Studycited by 3
9 more
- 2024A Neuro-Symbolic Approach to Monitoring Salt Content in Foodcited by 1
- 2024QOG:Question and Options Generation based on Language Modelcited by 1
- 2025Conversational Assistants to support Heart Failure Patients: comparing a Neurosymbolic Architecture with ChatGPTcited by 1
- 2025ChatCLIDS: Simulating Persuasive AI Dialogues to Promote Closed-Loop Insulin Adoption in Type 1 Diabetes Carecited by 1
- 2024Chatting Up Attachment: Using LLMs to Predict Adult Bondscited by 0
- 2025Towards conversational assistants for health applications: using ChatGPT to generate conversations about heart failurecited by 0
- 2026Rethinking Patient Education as Multi-turn Multi-modal Interactioncited by 0
- 2026MedGame: Storytelling Gamification Empowered by Large Language Models for Medical Educationcited by 0
- 2026Clinical Intent Extraction: A FHIR-Aligned Representation and the CIRCA Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026Clinical Intent Extraction: A FHIR-Aligned Representation and the CIRCA Benchmark24 Aug 2026
- 2026MedGame: Storytelling Gamification Empowered by Large Language Models for Medical Education23 Jul 2026
- 2026Rethinking Patient Education as Multi-turn Multi-modal Interaction16 Apr 2026
- 2025DischargeSim: A Simulation Benchmark for Educational Doctor-Patient Communication at Discharge8 Sep 2025
- 2025Chatbot To Help Patients Understand Their Health6 Sep 2025
- 2025ChatCLIDS: Simulating Persuasive AI Dialogues to Promote Closed-Loop Insulin Adoption in Type 1 Diabetes Care31 Aug 2025
- 2025ChatThero: An LLM-Supported Chatbot for Behavior Change and Therapeutic Support in Addiction Recovery28 Aug 2025
- 2025MedReadCtrl: Personalizing medical text generation with readability-controlled instruction learning10 Jul 2025
- 2025Towards conversational assistants for health applications: using ChatGPT to generate conversations about heart failure6 May 2025
- 2025Conversational Assistants to support Heart Failure Patients: comparing a Neurosymbolic Architecture with ChatGPT24 Apr 2025
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedback17 Oct 2024
- 2024Chatting Up Attachment: Using LLMs to Predict Adult Bonds31 Aug 2024
9 more
- 2024QOG:Question and Options Generation based on Language Model18 Jun 2024
- 2024A Neuro-Symbolic Approach to Monitoring Salt Content in Food1 Apr 2024
- 2024SportsMetrics: Blending Text and Numerical Data to Understand Information Fusion in LLMs15 Feb 2024
- 2024Impact of Large Language Model Assistance on Patients Reading Clinical Notes: A Mixed-Methods Study17 Jan 2024
- 2023README: Bridging Medical Jargon and Lay Understanding for Patient Education through Data-Centric NLP24 Dec 2023
- 2023Towards a Psychological Generalist AI: A Survey of Current Applications of Large Language Models and Future Prospects1 Dec 2023
- 2023EHRTutor: Enhancing Patient Understanding of Discharge Instructions30 Oct 2023
- 2023NoteChat: A Dataset of Synthetic Doctor-Patient Conversations Conditioned on Clinical Notes24 Oct 2023
- 2023Improving Summarization with Human Edits9 Oct 2023
- 2023NoteChat: A Dataset of Synthetic Doctor-Patient Conversations Conditioned on Clinical Notescited by 48
- 2023README: Bridging Medical Jargon and Lay Understanding for Patient Education through Data-Centric NLPcited by 17
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedbackcited by 14
- 2023Towards a Psychological Generalist AI: A Survey of Current Applications of Large Language Models and Future Prospectscited by 8
- 2024SportsMetrics: Blending Text and Numerical Data to Understand Information Fusion in LLMscited by 8
- 2023Improving Summarization with Human Editscited by 7
- 2025DischargeSim: A Simulation Benchmark for Educational Doctor-Patient Communication at Dischargecited by 7
- 2025MedReadCtrl: Personalizing medical text generation with readability-controlled instruction learningcited by 5
- 2023EHRTutor: Enhancing Patient Understanding of Discharge Instructionscited by 4
- 2025ChatThero: An LLM-Supported Chatbot for Behavior Change and Therapeutic Support in Addiction Recoverycited by 4
- 2025Chatbot To Help Patients Understand Their Healthcited by 4
- 2024Impact of Large Language Model Assistance on Patients Reading Clinical Notes: A Mixed-Methods Studycited by 3
12 most cited of 21 All 21 (JSON)
- 2026Clinical Intent Extraction: A FHIR-Aligned Representation and the CIRCA Benchmark24 Aug 2026
- 2026MedGame: Storytelling Gamification Empowered by Large Language Models for Medical Education23 Jul 2026
- 2026Rethinking Patient Education as Multi-turn Multi-modal Interaction16 Apr 2026
- 2025DischargeSim: A Simulation Benchmark for Educational Doctor-Patient Communication at Discharge8 Sep 2025
- 2025Chatbot To Help Patients Understand Their Health6 Sep 2025
- 2025ChatCLIDS: Simulating Persuasive AI Dialogues to Promote Closed-Loop Insulin Adoption in Type 1 Diabetes Care31 Aug 2025
- 2025ChatThero: An LLM-Supported Chatbot for Behavior Change and Therapeutic Support in Addiction Recovery28 Aug 2025
- 2025MedReadCtrl: Personalizing medical text generation with readability-controlled instruction learning10 Jul 2025
- 2025Towards conversational assistants for health applications: using ChatGPT to generate conversations about heart failure6 May 2025
- 2025Conversational Assistants to support Heart Failure Patients: comparing a Neurosymbolic Architecture with ChatGPT24 Apr 2025
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedback17 Oct 2024
- 2024Chatting Up Attachment: Using LLMs to Predict Adult Bonds31 Aug 2024
12 newest of 21 All 21 (JSON)