mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Multi3WOZ: A Multilingual, Multi-Domain, Multi-Parallel Dataset for Training and Evaluating Culturally Adapted Task-Oriented Dialog Systems

arXiv 2307.14031 ↗First posted 26 Jul 2023cs.CLcited by 16

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Abstract (arXiv)

Creating high-quality annotated data for task-oriented dialog (ToD) is known to be notoriously difficult, and the challenges are amplified when the goal is to create equitable, culturally adapted, and large-scale ToD datasets for multiple languages. Therefore, the current datasets are still very scarce and suffer from limitations such as translation-based non-native dialogs with translation artefacts, small scale, or lack of cultural adaptation, among others. In this work, we first take stock of the current landscape of multilingual ToD datasets, offering a systematic overview of their properties and limitations. Aiming to reduce all the detected limitations, we then introduce Multi3WOZ, a novel multilingual, multi-domain, multi-parallel ToD dataset. It is large-scale and offers culturally adapted dialogs in 4 languages to enable training and evaluation of multilingual and cross-lingual ToD systems. We describe a complex bottom-up data collection process that yielded the final dataset, and offer the first sets of baseline scores across different ToD-related tasks for future reference, also highlighting its challenging nature.

Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jul 2023.

Builds on

48 of 75 references.

References · 48

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36 more
  1. 2022Challenges and Strategies in Cross-Cultural NLPcited by 216
  2. 2019Transferable Multi-Domain State Generator for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 215
  3. 2021MasakhaNER: Named Entity Recognition for African Languagescited by 155
  4. 2022MASSIVE: A 1M-Example Multilingual Natural Language Understanding Dataset with 51 Typologically-Diverse Languagescited by 142
  5. 2019Taskmaster-1: Toward a Realistic and Diverse Dialog Datasetcited by 139
  6. 2021Multi-Task Pre-Training for Plug-and-Play Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemcited by 139
  7. 2020TripPy: A Triple Copy Strategy for Value Independent Neural Dialog State Trackingcited by 130
  8. 2018Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning for Multilingual Task Oriented Dialogcited by 124
  9. 2020MinTL: Minimalist Transfer Learning for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 103
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  11. 2017Frames: A Corpus for Adding Memory to Goal-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 84
  12. 2020End-to-End Slot Alignment and Recognition for Cross-Lingual NLUcited by 82
  13. 2020CrossWOZ: A Large-Scale Chinese Cross-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue Datasetcited by 66
  14. 2018Modeling Language Variation and Universals: A Survey on Typological Linguistics for Natural Language Processingcited by 63
  15. 2021Leveraging Slot Descriptions for Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Dialogue State Trackingcited by 61
  16. 2021BiToD: A Bilingual Multi-Domain Dataset For Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelingcited by 55
  17. 2020MultiWOZ 2.3: A multi-domain task-oriented dialogue dataset enhanced with annotation corrections and co-reference annotationcited by 51
  18. 2021AmericasNLI: Evaluating Zero-shot Natural Language Understanding of Pretrained Multilingual Models in Truly Low-resource Languagescited by 50
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  20. 2020RiSAWOZ: A Large-Scale Multi-Domain Wizard-of-Oz Dataset with Rich Semantic Annotations for Task-Oriented Dialogue Modelingcited by 40
  21. 2021GlobalWoZ: Globalizing MultiWoZ to Develop Multilingual Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 30
  22. 2022Multi2WOZ: A Robust Multilingual Dataset and Conversational Pretraining for Task-Oriented Dialogcited by 30
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 7; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.

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  1. 2024Culturally Aware and Adapted NLP: A Taxonomy and a Survey of the State of the Artcited by 26
  2. 2025MemGuide: Intent-Driven Memory Selection for Goal-Oriented Multi-Session LLM Agentscited by 16
  3. 2024Analyzing and Adapting Large Language Models for Few-Shot Multilingual NLU: Are We There Yet?cited by 11
  4. 2024M2QA: Multi-domain Multilingual Question Answeringcited by 5
  5. 2023A Systematic Study of Performance Disparities in Multilingual Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 4
  6. 2024TOAD: Task-Oriented Automatic Dialogs with Diverse Response Stylescited by 4
  7. 2024Segment-Level Diffusion: A Framework for Controllable Long-Form Generation with Diffusion Language Modelscited by 4
  8. 2025SEADialogues: A Multilingual Culturally Grounded Multi-turn Dialogue Dataset on Southeast Asian Languagescited by 3
  9. 2024JMultiWOZ: A Large-Scale Japanese Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue Datasetcited by 2
  10. 2025NormGenesis: Multicultural Dialogue Generation via Exemplar-Guided Social Norm Modeling and Violation Recoverycited by 2
  11. 2024DIALIGHT: Lightweight Multilingual Development and Evaluation of Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems with Large Language Modelscited by 1
  12. 2026Dial HEALTHDIAL for Advice: A Multilingual and Multi-Parallel Spoken Dialogue Dataset for Knowledge-Grounded Information Seekingcited by 0
4 more
  1. 2026ESF-Bench: Benchmarking Challenging Slot-Filling Scenarios for Real-World Enterprise Applicationscited by 0
  2. 2026When the API Speaks the Wrong Language: Revisiting Post-Training for Multilingual Tool Usecited by 0
  3. 2026CultureMINE: Datasets and Methods for Improving the Cultural Capabilities of NLP Systemscited by 0
  4. 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditingcited by 0