Exploring the Landscape of Natural Language Processing Research
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
As an efficient approach to understand, generate, and process natural language texts, research in natural language processing (NLP) has exhibited a rapid spread and wide adoption in recent years. Given the increasing research work in this area, several NLP-related approaches have been surveyed in the research community. However, a comprehensive study that categorizes established topics, identifies trends, and outlines areas for future research remains absent. Contributing to closing this gap, we have systematically classified and analyzed research papers in the ACL Anthology. As a result, we present a structured overview of the research landscape, provide a taxonomy of fields of study in NLP, analyze recent developments in NLP, summarize our findings, and highlight directions for future work.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 75 of its 125 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Jul 2023.
Builds on
75 of 125 references.
References · 75
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
- 2019RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approachcited by 13,266
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2020Scaling Laws for Neural Language Modelscited by 6,411
- 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
- 2013Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Spacecited by 4,346
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,907
- 2020Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answeringcited by 3,779
38 more
- 2022Emergent Abilities of Large Language Modelscited by 2,483
- 2021SimCSE: Simple Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddingscited by 2,168
- 2019LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformerscited by 1,548
- 2019Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, Taxonomies, Opportunities and Challenges toward Responsible AIcited by 1,543
- 2019SciBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Scientific Textcited by 1,404
- 2020Making Pre-trained Language Models Better Few-shot Learnerscited by 1,255
- 2019Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLPcited by 1,242
- 2021BitFit: Simple Parameter-efficient Fine-tuning for Transformer-based Masked Language-modelscited by 1,234
- 2021Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gophercited by 1,199
- 2021What Makes Good In-Context Examples for GPT-3?cited by 1,184
- 2020Multilingual Denoising Pre-training for Neural Machine Translationcited by 1,028
- 2022Red Teaming Language Models with Language Modelscited by 983
- 2020Language (Technology) is Power: A Critical Survey of "Bias" in NLPcited by 951
- 2019DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generationcited by 842
- 2019EDA: Easy Data Augmentation Techniques for Boosting Performance on Text Classification Taskscited by 800
- 2022BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedurecited by 779
- 2020Language-agnostic BERT Sentence Embeddingcited by 621
- 2020Recipes for building an open-domain chatbotcited by 593
- 2021The FLORES-101 Evaluation Benchmark for Low-Resource and Multilingual Machine Translationcited by 556
- 2019Text Summarization with Pretrained Encoderscited by 553
- 2020TAPAS: Weakly Supervised Table Parsing via Pre-trainingcited by 432
- 2020SPECTER: Document-level Representation Learning using Citation-informed Transformerscited by 426
- 2020LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-Rich Document Understandingcited by 406
- 2020TaBERT: Pretraining for Joint Understanding of Textual and Tabular Datacited by 395
- 2020XCOPA: A Multilingual Dataset for Causal Commonsense Reasoningcited by 330
- 2021Pre-Trained Models: Past, Present and Futurecited by 319
- 2020Pretrained Transformers Improve Out-of-Distribution Robustnesscited by 293
- 2020A Survey of the State of Explainable AI for Natural Language Processingcited by 206
- 2021Knowledgeable Prompt-tuning: Incorporating Knowledge into Prompt Verbalizer for Text Classificationcited by 183
- 2020fairseq S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with fairseqcited by 174
- 2021Unsupervised Speech Recognitioncited by 147
- 2022SciRepEval: A Multi-Format Benchmark for Scientific Document Representationscited by 124
- 2020Text-to-Text Pre-Training for Data-to-Text Taskscited by 104
- 2019Encode, Tag, Realize: High-Precision Text Editingcited by 99
- 2020CTRLsum: Towards Generic Controllable Text Summarizationcited by 98
- 2021An Empirical Survey of the Effectiveness of Debiasing Techniques for Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 96
- 2020Evaluating Explanations: How much do explanations from the teacher aid students?cited by 94
- 2020Retrospective Reader for Machine Reading Comprehensioncited by 86
50 most cited of 75 All 75 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
7 papers.
- 2025LLMEval-Med: A Real-world Clinical Benchmark for Medical LLMs with Physician Validationcited by 29
- 2024Efficient Few-shot Learning for Multi-label Classification of Scientific Documents with Many Classescited by 3
- 2024NLP-KG: A System for Exploratory Search of Scientific Literature in Natural Language Processingcited by 2
- 2024Is there really a Citation Age Bias in NLP?cited by 1
- 2024Conversational Exploratory Search of Scholarly Publications Using Knowledge Graphscited by 0
- 2025The Statistical Validation of Innovation Lenscited by 0
- 2026MADE: A Living Benchmark for Multi-Label Text Classification with Uncertainty Quantification of Medical Device Adverse Eventscited by 0
- 2026MADE: A Living Benchmark for Multi-Label Text Classification with Uncertainty Quantification of Medical Device Adverse Events16 Apr 2026
- 2025The Statistical Validation of Innovation Lens19 Aug 2025
- 2025LLMEval-Med: A Real-world Clinical Benchmark for Medical LLMs with Physician Validation4 Jun 2025
- 2024Efficient Few-shot Learning for Multi-label Classification of Scientific Documents with Many Classes8 Oct 2024
- 2024Conversational Exploratory Search of Scholarly Publications Using Knowledge Graphs1 Oct 2024
- 2024NLP-KG: A System for Exploratory Search of Scientific Literature in Natural Language Processing21 Jun 2024
- 2024Is there really a Citation Age Bias in NLP?7 Jan 2024