SLTUNET: A Simple Unified Model for Sign Language Translation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Despite recent successes with neural models for sign language translation (SLT), translation quality still lags behind spoken languages because of the data scarcity and modality gap between sign video and text. To address both problems, we investigate strategies for cross-modality representation sharing for SLT. We propose SLTUNET, a simple unified neural model designed to support multiple SLTrelated tasks jointly, such as sign-to-gloss, gloss-to-text and sign-to-text translation. Jointly modeling different tasks endows SLTUNET with the capability to explore the cross-task relatedness that could help narrow the modality gap. In addition, this allows us to leverage the knowledge from external resources, such as abundant parallel data used for spoken-language machine translation (MT). We show in experiments that SLTUNET achieves competitive and even state-of-the-art performance on PHOENIX-2014T and CSL-Daily when augmented with MT data and equipped with a set of optimization techniques. We further use the DGS Corpus for end-to-end SLT for the first time. It covers broader domains with a significantly larger vocabulary, which is more challenging and which we consider to allow for a more realistic assessment of the current state of SLT than the former two. Still, SLTUNET obtains improved results on the DGS Corpus. Code is available at https://github.com/bzhangGo/sltunet.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 69 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 May 2023.
Builds on
36 of 69 references.
References · 36
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 11; 2025: 13; 2026: 9.
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- 2024LLMs are Good Sign Language Translatorscited by 76
- 2023YouTube-ASL: A Large-Scale, Open-Domain American Sign Language-English Parallel Corpuscited by 74
- 2024Sign2GPT: Leveraging Large Language Models for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 56
- 2025Uni-Sign: Toward Unified Sign Language Understanding at Scalecited by 55
- 2024Improving Gloss-free Sign Language Translation by Reducing Representation Densitycited by 30
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Context: Sign Language Translation with Contextual Cuescited by 25
- 2024C2RL: Content and Context Representation Learning for Gloss-free Sign Language Translation and Retrievalcited by 23
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translationcited by 16
- 2024Leveraging the Power of MLLMs for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 13
- 2025Bridging Sign and Spoken Languages: Pseudo Gloss Generation for Sign Language Translationcited by 12
- 2025Hands-On: Segmenting Individual Signs from Continuous Sequencescited by 10
- 2026Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation: An Unbiased Evaluation of Progress in the Fieldcited by 9
23 more
- 2024Scaling Sign Language Translationcited by 8
- 2024CorrNet+: Sign Language Recognition and Translation via Spatial-Temporal Correlationcited by 7
- 2025Beyond Gloss: A Hand-Centric Framework for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 7
- 2024EvSign: Sign Language Recognition and Translation with Streaming Eventscited by 6
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Embeddings: Sign Language Translation and Alignmentcited by 6
- 2024A Spatio-Temporal Representation Learning as an Alternative to Traditional Glosses in Sign Language Translation and Productioncited by 5
- 2024Unsupervised Sign Language Translation and Generationcited by 4
- 2025SignX: Continuous Sign Recognition in Compact Pose-Rich Latent Spacecited by 3
- 2025GLoT: A Novel Gated-Logarithmic Transformer for Efficient Sign Language Translationcited by 2
- 2025RVLF: A Reinforcing Vision-Language Framework for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 2
- 2024DiffSLT: Enhancing Diversity in Sign Language Translation via Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025ADAT: Time-Series-Aware Adaptive Transformer Architecture for Sign Language Translationcited by 1
- 2025SAGE: Segment-Aware Gloss-Free Encoding for Token-Efficient Sign Language Translationcited by 1
- 2025SignBind-LLM: Multi-Stage Modality Fusion for Sign Language Translationcited by 1
- 2026SignDATA: Data Pipeline for Sign Language Translationcited by 1
- 2026SIGNET: Motion-Level Knowledge Transfer for Cross-Language Sign Language Translationcited by 1
- 2025SSL-SSAW: Self-Supervised Learning with Sigmoid Self-Attention Weighting for Question-Based Sign Language Translationcited by 0
- 2026HATL: Hierarchical Adaptive-Transfer Learning Framework for Sign Language Machine Translationcited by 0
- 2026Towards Multi-View Sign Language Understanding: A Benchmark Dataset and Baselinecited by 0
- 2026SLU-2K: A Question-Based Benchmark for Semantic Evaluation of Sign Language Translationcited by 0
- 2026VTaMo: Video-Text Alignment Model for Sign Language Translationcited by 0
- 2026ODE-Based Transformer Decoders for Iterative Sign Language Translationcited by 0
- 2026Beyond BLEU: A Case for Redefining Sign Language Translation Benchmarkscited by 0
- 2026Beyond BLEU: A Case for Redefining Sign Language Translation Benchmarks3 Sep 2026
- 2026ODE-Based Transformer Decoders for Iterative Sign Language Translation11 Aug 2026
- 2026VTaMo: Video-Text Alignment Model for Sign Language Translation10 Jul 2026
- 2026SIGNET: Motion-Level Knowledge Transfer for Cross-Language Sign Language Translation26 Jun 2026
- 2026SLU-2K: A Question-Based Benchmark for Semantic Evaluation of Sign Language Translation2 Jun 2026
- 2026SignDATA: Data Pipeline for Sign Language Translation22 Apr 2026
- 2026Towards Multi-View Sign Language Understanding: A Benchmark Dataset and Baseline20 Apr 2026
- 2026HATL: Hierarchical Adaptive-Transfer Learning Framework for Sign Language Machine Translation26 Feb 2026
- 2026Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation: An Unbiased Evaluation of Progress in the Field18 Feb 2026
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Embeddings: Sign Language Translation and Alignment8 Dec 2025
- 2025RVLF: A Reinforcing Vision-Language Framework for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation8 Dec 2025
- 2025SSL-SSAW: Self-Supervised Learning with Sigmoid Self-Attention Weighting for Question-Based Sign Language Translation17 Sep 2025
23 more
- 2025SignBind-LLM: Multi-Stage Modality Fusion for Sign Language Translation20 Aug 2025
- 2025Beyond Gloss: A Hand-Centric Framework for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation31 Jul 2025
- 2025SAGE: Segment-Aware Gloss-Free Encoding for Token-Efficient Sign Language Translation12 Jul 2025
- 2025Bridging Sign and Spoken Languages: Pseudo Gloss Generation for Sign Language Translation21 May 2025
- 2025SignX: Continuous Sign Recognition in Compact Pose-Rich Latent Space22 Apr 2025
- 2025ADAT: Time-Series-Aware Adaptive Transformer Architecture for Sign Language Translation16 Apr 2025
- 2025Hands-On: Segmenting Individual Signs from Continuous Sequences11 Apr 2025
- 2025GLoT: A Novel Gated-Logarithmic Transformer for Efficient Sign Language Translation17 Feb 2025
- 2025Uni-Sign: Toward Unified Sign Language Understanding at Scale25 Jan 2025
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Context: Sign Language Translation with Contextual Cues16 Jan 2025
- 2024DiffSLT: Enhancing Diversity in Sign Language Translation via Diffusion Model26 Nov 2024
- 2024Leveraging the Power of MLLMs for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation25 Nov 2024
- 2024C2RL: Content and Context Representation Learning for Gloss-free Sign Language Translation and Retrieval19 Aug 2024
- 2024EvSign: Sign Language Recognition and Translation with Streaming Events17 Jul 2024
- 2024Scaling Sign Language Translation16 Jul 2024
- 2024A Spatio-Temporal Representation Learning as an Alternative to Traditional Glosses in Sign Language Translation and Production3 Jul 2024
- 2024Improving Gloss-free Sign Language Translation by Reducing Representation Density23 May 2024
- 2024Sign2GPT: Leveraging Large Language Models for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation7 May 2024
- 2024CorrNet+: Sign Language Recognition and Translation via Spatial-Temporal Correlation17 Apr 2024
- 2024LLMs are Good Sign Language Translators1 Apr 2024
- 2024Unsupervised Sign Language Translation and Generation12 Feb 2024
- 2023YouTube-ASL: A Large-Scale, Open-Domain American Sign Language-English Parallel Corpus27 Jun 2023
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translation18 May 2023
- 2024LLMs are Good Sign Language Translatorscited by 76
- 2023YouTube-ASL: A Large-Scale, Open-Domain American Sign Language-English Parallel Corpuscited by 74
- 2024Sign2GPT: Leveraging Large Language Models for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 56
- 2025Uni-Sign: Toward Unified Sign Language Understanding at Scalecited by 55
- 2024Improving Gloss-free Sign Language Translation by Reducing Representation Densitycited by 30
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Context: Sign Language Translation with Contextual Cuescited by 25
- 2024C2RL: Content and Context Representation Learning for Gloss-free Sign Language Translation and Retrievalcited by 23
- 2023Cross-modality Data Augmentation for End-to-End Sign Language Translationcited by 16
- 2024Leveraging the Power of MLLMs for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translationcited by 13
- 2025Bridging Sign and Spoken Languages: Pseudo Gloss Generation for Sign Language Translationcited by 12
- 2025Hands-On: Segmenting Individual Signs from Continuous Sequencescited by 10
- 2026Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation: An Unbiased Evaluation of Progress in the Fieldcited by 9
12 most cited of 33 All 33 (JSON)
- 2026Beyond BLEU: A Case for Redefining Sign Language Translation Benchmarks3 Sep 2026
- 2026ODE-Based Transformer Decoders for Iterative Sign Language Translation11 Aug 2026
- 2026VTaMo: Video-Text Alignment Model for Sign Language Translation10 Jul 2026
- 2026SIGNET: Motion-Level Knowledge Transfer for Cross-Language Sign Language Translation26 Jun 2026
- 2026SLU-2K: A Question-Based Benchmark for Semantic Evaluation of Sign Language Translation2 Jun 2026
- 2026SignDATA: Data Pipeline for Sign Language Translation22 Apr 2026
- 2026Towards Multi-View Sign Language Understanding: A Benchmark Dataset and Baseline20 Apr 2026
- 2026HATL: Hierarchical Adaptive-Transfer Learning Framework for Sign Language Machine Translation26 Feb 2026
- 2026Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation: An Unbiased Evaluation of Progress in the Field18 Feb 2026
- 2025Lost in Translation, Found in Embeddings: Sign Language Translation and Alignment8 Dec 2025
- 2025SSL-SSAW: Self-Supervised Learning with Sigmoid Self-Attention Weighting for Question-Based Sign Language Translation17 Sep 2025
- 2025SignBind-LLM: Multi-Stage Modality Fusion for Sign Language Translation20 Aug 2025
12 newest of 33 All 33 (JSON)