mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Deep Image Fingerprint: Towards Low Budget Synthetic Image Detection and Model Lineage Analysis

arXiv 2303.10762 ↗First posted 19 Mar 2023cs.CVcited by 30

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

The generation of high-quality images has become widely accessible and is a rapidly evolving process. As a result, anyone can generate images that are indistinguishable from real ones. This leads to a wide range of applications, including malicious usage with deceptive intentions. Despite advances in detection techniques for generated images, a robust detection method still eludes us. Furthermore, model personalization techniques might affect the detection capabilities of existing methods. In this work, we utilize the architectural properties of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to develop a new detection method. Our method can detect images from a known generative model and enable us to establish relationships between fine-tuned generative models. We tested the method on images produced by both Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and recent large text-to-image models (LTIMs) that rely on Diffusion Models. Our approach outperforms others trained under identical conditions and achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art pre-trained detection methods on images generated by Stable Diffusion and MidJourney, with significantly fewer required train samples.

Key facts. Cited by 30 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 45 of its 64 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Mar 2023.

Builds on

45 of 64 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2022SpaText: Spatio-Textual Representation for Controllable Image Generation25 Nov
  2. 2022On the detection of synthetic images generated by diffusion models1 Nov
  3. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
  4. 2022Blended Latent Diffusion6 Jun
  5. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding23 May
  6. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr
  7. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec
  8. 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Images29 Nov

Other references · 37

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
  3. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  4. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
  5. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
  7. 2015Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shiftcited by 7,005
  8. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 6,013
  9. 2022Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,627
  10. 2014Going Deeper with Convolutionscited by 4,241
  11. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
  12. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,588
25 more
  1. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,253
  2. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,988
  3. 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,626
  4. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,245
  5. 2015Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 2,054
  6. 2016Beyond a Gaussian Denoiser: Residual Learning of Deep CNN for Image Denoisingcited by 1,358
  7. 2015LSUN: Construction of a Large-scale Image Dataset using Deep Learning with Humans in the Loopcited by 1,355
  8. 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,299
  9. 2022Scaling Autoregressive Models for Content-Rich Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,295
  10. 2017Deep Image Priorcited by 1,098
  11. 2019StarGAN v2: Diverse Image Synthesis for Multiple Domainscited by 1,098
  12. 2017StarGAN: Unified Generative Adversarial Networks for Multi-Domain Image-to-Image Translationcited by 1,039
  13. 2019CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for nowcited by 847
  14. 2020Leveraging Frequency Analysis for Deep Fake Image Recognitioncited by 504
  15. 2019Detecting and Simulating Artifacts in GAN Fake Imagescited by 293
  16. 2020Watch your Up-Convolution: CNN Based Generative Deep Neural Networks are Failing to Reproduce Spectral Distributionscited by 280
  17. 2018Do GANs leave artificial fingerprints?cited by 190
  18. 2021Are GAN generated images easy to detect? A critical analysis of the state-of-the-artcited by 139
  19. 2018Detecting GAN-generated Imagery using Color Cuescited by 76
  20. 2020Mind the Pad -- CNNs can Develop Blind Spotscited by 41
  21. 2022Lighting (In)consistency of Paint by Textcited by 35
  22. 2022Perspective (In)consistency of Paint by Textcited by 34
  23. 2021Towards Universal GAN Image Detectioncited by 26
  24. 2022Discovering Transferable Forensic Features for CNN-generated Images Detectioncited by 24
  25. 2021Distinguishing Natural and Computer-Generated Images using Multi-Colorspace fused EfficientNetcited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 8; 2025: 13; 2026: 9.

30 papers.

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By area:

  1. 2024Zero-Shot Detection of AI-Generated Imagescited by 50
  2. 2024Fake or JPEG? Revealing Common Biases in Generated Image Detection Datasetscited by 43
  3. 2024Beyond Deepfake Images: Detecting AI-Generated Videoscited by 22
  4. 2024Robust CLIP-Based Detector for Exposing Diffusion Model-Generated Imagescited by 20
  5. 2025Forensic Self-Descriptions Are All You Need for Zero-Shot Detection, Open-Set Source Attribution, and Clustering of AI-generated Imagescited by 11
  6. 2024E3: Ensemble of Expert Embedders for Adapting Synthetic Image Detectors to New Generators Using Limited Datacited by 7
  7. 2024The Cat and Mouse Game: The Ongoing Arms Race Between Diffusion Models and Detection Methodscited by 4
  8. 2025Rethinking Individual Fairness in Deepfake Detectioncited by 4
  9. 2025Express4D: Expressive, Friendly, and Extensible 4D Facial Motion Generation Benchmarkcited by 4
  10. 2025Beyond Artificial Misalignment: Detecting and Grounding Semantic-Coordinated Multimodal Manipulationscited by 4
  11. 2024Present and Future Generalization of Synthetic Image Detectorscited by 3
  12. 2025REED-VAE: RE-Encode Decode Training for Iterative Image Editing with Diffusion Modelscited by 3
18 more
  1. 2024FIDAVL: Fake Image Detection and Attribution using Vision-Language Modelcited by 2
  2. 2025"Humor, Art, or Misinformation?": A Multimodal Dataset for Intent-Aware Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 2
  3. 2025Rethinking the Use of Vision Transformers for AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 2
  4. 2025Detection of AI Generated Images Using Combined Uncertainty Measures and Particle Swarm Optimised Rejection Mechanismcited by 2
  5. 2025Autonomous and Self-Adapting System for Synthetic Media Detection and Attributioncited by 1
  6. 2025Supervised Contrastive Learning for Few-Shot AI-Generated Image Detection and Attributioncited by 1
  7. 2025Robustness in AI-Generated Detection: Enhancing Resistance to Adversarial Attackscited by 0
  8. 2025Inverse Scene Text Removalcited by 0
  9. 2025Redefining Generalization in Visual Domains: A Two-Axis Framework for Fake Image Detection with FusionDetectcited by 0
  10. 2026LEGO: LoRA-Enabled Generator-Oriented Framework for Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 0
  11. 2026FiSeR: Fine-Grained Source Representations for Cross-Domain AI Image Detectioncited by 0
  12. 2026Chroma Clues: Leveraging Color Statistics to Detect Synthetic Imagescited by 0
  13. 2026Generalized Synthetic Image Detection with Enhanced RGB-Noise Representation Learningcited by 0
  14. 2026Position: AI/ML Deepfake Research is Misaligned with AI-Generated Non-Consensual Intimate Imagery (AIG-NCII)cited by 0
  15. 2026FakeIDet3-DB: Refining Digital Attacks and Patch Extraction for Secure ID Benchmarkingcited by 0
  16. 2026Scalable Black-Box Model Attribution for Imagescited by 0
  17. 2026Prior-Conditioned Gaussian Discriminants for Generalizable AI-generated Image Detectioncited by 0
  18. 2026Forensic Twins: Self-Supervised Residual Learning for AI-Generated Image Forensicscited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Methods and Trends in Detecting AI-Generated Images: A Comprehensive Review
  2. 2022Learning Robust Representations Of Generative Models Using Set-Based Artificial Fingerprints
  3. 2023Intriguing properties of synthetic images: from generative adversarial networks to diffusion models
  4. 2022Towards the Detection of Diffusion Model Deepfakes
  5. 2025PALADIN : Robust Neural Fingerprinting for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
  6. 2024Towards the Detection of AI-Synthesized Human Face Images
  7. 2024Are CLIP features all you need for Universal Synthetic Image Origin Attribution?
  8. 2025Beyond Binary Classification: A Semi-supervised Approach to Generalized AI-generated Image Detection