ALBETO and DistilBETO: Lightweight Spanish Language Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
In recent years there have been considerable advances in pre-trained language models, where non-English language versions have also been made available. Due to their increasing use, many lightweight versions of these models (with reduced parameters) have also been released to speed up training and inference times. However, versions of these lighter models (e.g., ALBERT, DistilBERT) for languages other than English are still scarce. In this paper we present ALBETO and DistilBETO, which are versions of ALBERT and DistilBERT pre-trained exclusively on Spanish corpora. We train several versions of ALBETO ranging from 5M to 223M parameters and one of DistilBETO with 67M parameters. We evaluate our models in the GLUES benchmark that includes various natural language understanding tasks in Spanish. The results show that our lightweight models achieve competitive results to those of BETO (Spanish-BERT) despite having fewer parameters. More specifically, our larger ALBETO model outperforms all other models on the MLDoc, PAWS-X, XNLI, MLQA, SQAC and XQuAD datasets. However, BETO remains unbeaten for POS and NER. As a further contribution, all models are publicly available to the community for future research.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Apr 2022.
Builds on
36 of 49 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 2.
6 papers.
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- 2025Manipulating Transformer-Based Models: Controllability, Steerability, and Robust Interventionscited by 2
- 2023A User-Centered Evaluation of Spanish Text Simplificationcited by 1
- 2025Predicting potentially abusive clauses in Chilean terms of services with natural language processingcited by 1
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- 2025Manipulating Transformer-Based Models: Controllability, Steerability, and Robust Interventions4 Sep 2025
- 2025Predicting potentially abusive clauses in Chilean terms of services with natural language processing2 Feb 2025
- 2024An evaluation of LLM code generation capabilities through graded exercises6 Oct 2024
- 2024Unveiling Social Media Comments with a Novel Named Entity Recognition System for Identity Groups13 May 2024
- 2023Sequence-to-Sequence Spanish Pre-trained Language Models20 Sep 2023
- 2023A User-Centered Evaluation of Spanish Text Simplification15 Aug 2023