BiSECT: Learning to Split and Rephrase Sentences with Bitexts
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Abstract (arXiv)
An important task in NLP applications such as sentence simplification is the ability to take a long, complex sentence and split it into shorter sentences, rephrasing as necessary. We introduce a novel dataset and a new model for this `split and rephrase' task. Our BiSECT training data consists of 1 million long English sentences paired with shorter, meaning-equivalent English sentences. We obtain these by extracting 1-2 sentence alignments in bilingual parallel corpora and then using machine translation to convert both sides of the corpus into the same language. BiSECT contains higher quality training examples than previous Split and Rephrase corpora, with sentence splits that require more significant modifications. We categorize examples in our corpus, and use these categories in a novel model that allows us to target specific regions of the input sentence to be split and edited. Moreover, we show that models trained on BiSECT can perform a wider variety of split operations and improve upon previous state-of-the-art approaches in automatic and human evaluations.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2021.
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18 of 37 references.
References · 18
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,462
- 2017Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Generator Networkscited by 1,281
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- 2020GECToR -- Grammatical Error Correction: Tag, Not Rewritecited by 177
- 2018BLEU is Not Suitable for the Evaluation of Text Simplificationcited by 78
- 2020Controllable Text Simplification with Explicit Paraphrasingcited by 53
- 2017ParaNMT-50M: Pushing the Limits of Paraphrastic Sentence Embeddings with Millions of Machine Translationscited by 44
- 2018Learning To Split and Rephrase From Wikipedia Edit Historycited by 38
- 2019ParaBank: Monolingual Bitext Generation and Sentential Paraphrasing via Lexically-constrained Neural Machine Translationcited by 38
- 2017Split and Rephrasecited by 24
6 more
- 2021Rethinking Automatic Evaluation in Sentence Simplificationcited by 17
- 2018Split and Rephrase: Better Evaluation and a Stronger Baselinecited by 15
- 2019Transforming Complex Sentences into a Semantic Hierarchycited by 15
- 2014Overcoming the Curse of Sentence Length for Neural Machine Translation using Automatic Segmentationcited by 14
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 7; 2024: 5; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
18 papers.
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- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplificationcited by 54
- 2022Prompted Opinion Summarization with GPT-3.5cited by 44
- 2022GEMv2: Multilingual NLG Benchmarking in a Single Line of Codecited by 36
- 2023DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document Simplificationcited by 14
- 2023Multilingual Simplification of Medical Textscited by 13
- 2022PETCI: A Parallel English Translation Dataset of Chinese Idiomscited by 10
- 2022Improving Large-scale Paraphrase Acquisition and Generationcited by 8
- 2023Rewriting the Script: Adapting Text Instructions for Voice Interactioncited by 5
- 2023Split and Rephrase with Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2024Defining and Detecting Vulnerability in Human Evaluation Guidelines: A Preliminary Study Towards Reliable NLG Evaluationcited by 5
- 2024Compare without Despair: Reliable Preference Evaluation with Generation Separabilitycited by 4
- 2024Semantic Graphs for Syntactic Simplification: A Revisit from the Age of LLMcited by 4
6 more
- 2023Sequence-to-Sequence Spanish Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 2
- 2024WikiSplit++: Easy Data Refinement for Split and Rephrasecited by 2
- 2023The Fewer Splits are Better: Deconstructing Readability in Sentence Splittingcited by 1
- 2026CREDENCE: Claim Reduction for Decomposition & Enhanced Credibility -- Semantic Metrics and Convergence Analysiscited by 1
- 2023From Lengthy to Lucid: A Systematic Literature Review on NLP Techniques for Taming Long Sentencescited by 0
- 2024EASSE-DE: Easier Automatic Sentence Simplification Evaluation for Germancited by 0
- 2026CREDENCE: Claim Reduction for Decomposition & Enhanced Credibility -- Semantic Metrics and Convergence Analysis18 Jun 2026
- 2024Semantic Graphs for Syntactic Simplification: A Revisit from the Age of LLM4 Jul 2024
- 2024Compare without Despair: Reliable Preference Evaluation with Generation Separability2 Jul 2024
- 2024Defining and Detecting Vulnerability in Human Evaluation Guidelines: A Preliminary Study Towards Reliable NLG Evaluation12 Jun 2024
- 2024WikiSplit++: Easy Data Refinement for Split and Rephrase13 Apr 2024
- 2024EASSE-DE: Easier Automatic Sentence Simplification Evaluation for German4 Apr 2024
- 2023Split and Rephrase with Large Language Models18 Dec 2023
- 2023From Lengthy to Lucid: A Systematic Literature Review on NLP Techniques for Taming Long Sentences8 Dec 2023
- 2023Sequence-to-Sequence Spanish Pre-trained Language Models20 Sep 2023
- 2023Rewriting the Script: Adapting Text Instructions for Voice Interaction16 Jun 2023
- 2023DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document Simplification30 May 2023
- 2023Multilingual Simplification of Medical Texts21 May 2023
6 more
- 2023The Fewer Splits are Better: Deconstructing Readability in Sentence Splitting2 Feb 2023
- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplification19 Dec 2022
- 2022Prompted Opinion Summarization with GPT-3.529 Nov 2022
- 2022Improving Large-scale Paraphrase Acquisition and Generation6 Oct 2022
- 2022GEMv2: Multilingual NLG Benchmarking in a Single Line of Code22 Jun 2022
- 2022PETCI: A Parallel English Translation Dataset of Chinese Idioms19 Feb 2022
- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplificationcited by 54
- 2022Prompted Opinion Summarization with GPT-3.5cited by 44
- 2022GEMv2: Multilingual NLG Benchmarking in a Single Line of Codecited by 36
- 2023DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document Simplificationcited by 14
- 2023Multilingual Simplification of Medical Textscited by 13
- 2022PETCI: A Parallel English Translation Dataset of Chinese Idiomscited by 10
- 2022Improving Large-scale Paraphrase Acquisition and Generationcited by 8
- 2023Rewriting the Script: Adapting Text Instructions for Voice Interactioncited by 5
- 2023Split and Rephrase with Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2024Defining and Detecting Vulnerability in Human Evaluation Guidelines: A Preliminary Study Towards Reliable NLG Evaluationcited by 5
- 2024Compare without Despair: Reliable Preference Evaluation with Generation Separabilitycited by 4
- 2024Semantic Graphs for Syntactic Simplification: A Revisit from the Age of LLMcited by 4
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026CREDENCE: Claim Reduction for Decomposition & Enhanced Credibility -- Semantic Metrics and Convergence Analysis18 Jun 2026
- 2024Semantic Graphs for Syntactic Simplification: A Revisit from the Age of LLM4 Jul 2024
- 2024Compare without Despair: Reliable Preference Evaluation with Generation Separability2 Jul 2024
- 2024Defining and Detecting Vulnerability in Human Evaluation Guidelines: A Preliminary Study Towards Reliable NLG Evaluation12 Jun 2024
- 2024WikiSplit++: Easy Data Refinement for Split and Rephrase13 Apr 2024
- 2024EASSE-DE: Easier Automatic Sentence Simplification Evaluation for German4 Apr 2024
- 2023Split and Rephrase with Large Language Models18 Dec 2023
- 2023From Lengthy to Lucid: A Systematic Literature Review on NLP Techniques for Taming Long Sentences8 Dec 2023
- 2023Sequence-to-Sequence Spanish Pre-trained Language Models20 Sep 2023
- 2023Rewriting the Script: Adapting Text Instructions for Voice Interaction16 Jun 2023
- 2023DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document Simplification30 May 2023
- 2023Multilingual Simplification of Medical Texts21 May 2023
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)