mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MmWave Radar and Vision Fusion for Object Detection in Autonomous Driving: A Review

arXiv 2108.03004 ↗First posted 6 Aug 2021cs.CVcited by 22

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Abstract (arXiv)

With autonomous driving developing in a booming stage, accurate object detection in complex scenarios attract wide attention to ensure the safety of autonomous driving. Millimeter wave (mmWave) radar and vision fusion is a mainstream solution for accurate obstacle detection. This article presents a detailed survey on mmWave radar and vision fusion based obstacle detection methods. First, we introduce the tasks, evaluation criteria, and datasets of object detection for autonomous driving. The process of mmWave radar and vision fusion is then divided into three parts: sensor deployment, sensor calibration, and sensor fusion, which are reviewed comprehensively. Specifically, we classify the fusion methods into data level, decision level, and feature level fusion methods. In addition, we introduce three-dimensional(3D) object detection, the fusion of lidar and vision in autonomous driving and multimodal information fusion, which are promising for the future. Finally, we summarize this article.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 101 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Aug 2021.

Builds on

21 of 101 references.

References · 21

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9 more
  1. 2019M3D-RPN: Monocular 3D Region Proposal Network for Object Detectioncited by 251
  2. 2017SSD-6D: Making RGB-based 3D detection and 6D pose estimation great againcited by 243
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  4. 2019Disentangling Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 215
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  9. 2018LIDAR-Camera Fusion for Road Detection Using Fully Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 41

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 9; 2024: 6; 2025: 2; 2026: 4.

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  1. 2023Milestones in Autonomous Driving and Intelligent Vehicles: Survey of Surveyscited by 75
  2. 2023Radar-Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 57
  3. 2023MVFAN: Multi-View Feature Assisted Network for 4D Radar Object Detectioncited by 20
  4. 2023Vision-RADAR fusion for Robotics BEV Detections: A Surveycited by 14
  5. 2023Sparse Beats Dense: Rethinking Supervision in Radar-Camera Depth Completioncited by 12
  6. 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
  7. 2023ClusterFusion: Leveraging Radar Spatial Features for Radar-Camera 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Vehiclescited by 5
  8. 2024SparseRadNet: Sparse Perception Neural Network on Subsampled Radar Datacited by 5
  9. 2022Physics and semantic informed multi-sensor calibration via optimization theory and self-supervised learningcited by 4
  10. 2025TARS: Traffic-Aware Radar Scene Flow Estimationcited by 3
  11. 2024A Survey of Deep Learning Based Radar and Vision Fusion for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
  12. 2023A survey on deep learning approaches for data integration in autonomous driving systemcited by 1
10 more
  1. 2023Differentiable Radio Frequency Ray Tracing for Millimeter-Wave Sensingcited by 1
  2. 2023mmSense: Detecting Concealed Weapons with a Miniature Radar Sensorcited by 0
  3. 2024Design of UAV flight state recognition and trajectory prediction system based on trajectory feature constructioncited by 0
  4. 2024Cross-Domain Spatial Matching for Camera and Radar Sensor Data Fusion in Autonomous Vehicle Perception Systemcited by 0
  5. 2024Tracing Human Stress from Physiological Signals using UWB Radarcited by 0
  6. 2025GRAM-MAMBA: Holistic Feature Alignment for Wireless Perception with Adaptive Low-Rank Compensationcited by 0
  7. 2026Control Your Queries: Heterogeneous Query Interaction for Camera-Radar Fusioncited by 0
  8. 2026NERVE: A Neuromorphic Vision and Radar Ensemble for Multi-Sensor Fusion Researchcited by 0
  9. 2026Radar Guided Camera Verification for Automatic Emergency Braking Rethinking Object Detection in Radar Camera Fusioncited by 0
  10. 20264D Radar Perception Algorithms for Autonomous Driving: A Reviewcited by 0