MIPE: A Metric Independent Pipeline for Effective Code-Mixed NLG Evaluation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Code-mixing is a phenomenon of mixing words and phrases from two or more languages in a single utterance of speech and text. Due to the high linguistic diversity, code-mixing presents several challenges in evaluating standard natural language generation (NLG) tasks. Various widely popular metrics perform poorly with the code-mixed NLG tasks. To address this challenge, we present a metric independent evaluation pipeline MIPE that significantly improves the correlation between evaluation metrics and human judgments on the generated code-mixed text. As a use case, we demonstrate the performance of MIPE on the machine-generated Hinglish (code-mixing of Hindi and English languages) sentences from the HinGE corpus. We can extend the proposed evaluation strategy to other code-mixed language pairs, NLG tasks, and evaluation metrics with minimal to no effort.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 15 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Jul 2021.
Builds on
15 of 42 references.
References · 15
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,462
- 2016Enriching Word Vectors with Subword Informationcited by 1,578
- 2018A robust self-learning method for fully unsupervised cross-lingual mappings of word embeddingscited by 145
- 2017The IIT Bombay English-Hindi Parallel Corpuscited by 74
- 2020SemEval-2020 Task 9: Overview of Sentiment Analysis of Code-Mixed Tweetscited by 62
- 2020Code-switching pre-training for neural machine translationcited by 43
- 2020PHINC: A Parallel Hinglish Social Media Code-Mixed Corpus for Machine Translationcited by 38
- 2016Towards Sub-Word Level Compositions for Sentiment Analysis of Hindi-English Code Mixed Textcited by 31
- 2020A New Dataset for Natural Language Inference from Code-mixed Conversationscited by 29
- 2021HinGE: A Dataset for Generation and Evaluation of Code-Mixed Hinglish Textcited by 28
- 2021Challenges and Limitations with the Metrics Measuring the Complexity of Code-Mixed Textcited by 18
- 2021Exploring Text-to-Text Transformers for English to Hinglish Machine Translation with Synthetic Code-Mixingcited by 16
3 more
- 2020Word Level Language Identification in English Telugu Code Mixed Datacited by 7
- 2018Automatic Normalization of Word Variations in Code-Mixed Social Media Textcited by 4
- 2019A Robust Self-Learning Method for Fully Unsupervised Cross-Lingual Mappings of Word Embeddings: Making the Method Robustly Reproducible as Wellcited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 0; 2024: 1; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
7 papers.
- 2022The Decades Progress on Code-Switching Research in NLP: A Systematic Survey on Trends and Challengescited by 35
- 2025Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalitiescited by 4
- 2024Multilingual Controlled Generation And Gold-Standard-Agnostic Evaluation of Code-Mixed Sentencescited by 3
- 2022niksss at HinglishEval: Language-agnostic BERT-based Contextual Embeddings with Catboost for Quality Evaluation of the Low-Resource Synthetically Generated Code-Mixed Hinglish Textcited by 1
- 2025CodeMixBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Code Generation with Code-Mixed Promptscited by 1
- 2026PingPong: A Natural Benchmark for Multi-Turn Code-Switching Dialoguescited by 1
- 2022BITS Pilani at HinglishEval: Quality Evaluation for Code-Mixed Hinglish Text Using Transformerscited by 0
- 2026PingPong: A Natural Benchmark for Multi-Turn Code-Switching Dialogues24 Jan 2026
- 2025Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalities8 Oct 2025
- 2025CodeMixBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Code Generation with Code-Mixed Prompts8 May 2025
- 2024Multilingual Controlled Generation And Gold-Standard-Agnostic Evaluation of Code-Mixed Sentences14 Oct 2024
- 2022The Decades Progress on Code-Switching Research in NLP: A Systematic Survey on Trends and Challenges19 Dec 2022
- 2022niksss at HinglishEval: Language-agnostic BERT-based Contextual Embeddings with Catboost for Quality Evaluation of the Low-Resource Synthetically Generated Code-Mixed Hinglish Text17 Jun 2022
- 2022BITS Pilani at HinglishEval: Quality Evaluation for Code-Mixed Hinglish Text Using Transformers17 Jun 2022