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PHINC: A Parallel Hinglish Social Media Code-Mixed Corpus for Machine Translation

arXiv 2004.09447 ↗First posted 20 Apr 2020cs.CLcited by 38

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Abstract (arXiv)

Code-mixing is the phenomenon of using more than one language in a sentence. It is a very frequently observed pattern of communication on social media platforms. Flexibility to use multiple languages in one text message might help to communicate efficiently with the target audience. But, it adds to the challenge of processing and understanding natural language to a much larger extent. This paper presents a parallel corpus of the 13,738 code-mixed English-Hindi sentences and their corresponding translation in English. The translations of sentences are done manually by the annotators. We are releasing the parallel corpus to facilitate future research opportunities in code-mixed machine translation. The annotated corpus is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3605597.

Key facts. Cited by 38 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 20 Apr 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 14; 2023: 4; 2024: 6; 2025: 4; 2026: 4.

38 papers.

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  1. 2022The Decades Progress on Code-Switching Research in NLP: A Systematic Survey on Trends and Challengescited by 35
  2. 2021HinGE: A Dataset for Generation and Evaluation of Code-Mixed Hinglish Textcited by 28
  3. 2021Challenges and Limitations with the Metrics Measuring the Complexity of Code-Mixed Textcited by 18
  4. 2021Exploring Text-to-Text Transformers for English to Hinglish Machine Translation with Synthetic Code-Mixingcited by 16
  5. 2023Representativeness as a Forgotten Lesson for Multilingual and Code-switched Data Collection and Preparationcited by 16
  6. 2022ArzEn-ST: A Three-way Speech Translation Corpus for Code-Switched Egyptian Arabic - Englishcited by 13
  7. 2024MINERS: Multilingual Language Models as Semantic Retrieverscited by 11
  8. 2022CALCS 2021 Shared Task: Machine Translation for Code-Switched Datacited by 9
  9. 2022EntityCS: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Transfer with Entity-Centric Code Switchingcited by 8
  10. 2025CodeMixBench: Evaluating Code-Mixing Capabilities of LLMs Across 18 Languagescited by 8
  11. 2021MIPE: A Metric Independent Pipeline for Effective Code-Mixed NLG Evaluationcited by 7
  12. 2021Quality Evaluation of the Low-Resource Synthetically Generated Code-Mixed Hinglish Textcited by 7
26 more
  1. 2022Exploring Segmentation Approaches for Neural Machine Translation of Code-Switched Egyptian Arabic-English Textcited by 7
  2. 2023Exploring Methods for Building Dialects-Mandarin Code-Mixing Corpora: A Case Study in Taiwanese Hokkiencited by 7
  3. 2024Code-Mixer Ya Nahi: Novel Approaches to Measuring Multilingual LLMs' Code-Mixing Capabilitiescited by 7
  4. 2024LlamaLens: Specialized Multilingual LLM for Analyzing News and Social Media Contentcited by 6
  5. 2025COMI-LINGUA: Expert Annotated Large-Scale Dataset for Multitask NLP in Hindi-English Code-Mixingcited by 6
  6. 2024Synthetic Data Generation and Joint Learning for Robust Code-Mixed Translationcited by 5
  7. 2024CHAI for LLMs: Improving Code-Mixed Translation in Large Language Models through Reinforcement Learning with AI Feedbackcited by 5
  8. 2021Challenges and Considerations with Code-Mixed NLP for Multilingual Societiescited by 4
  9. 2024Code-mixed Sentiment and Hate-speech Predictioncited by 4
  10. 2025Parallel Corpora for Machine Translation in Low-resource Indic Languages: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 4
  11. 2022Am I No Good? Towards Detecting Perceived Burdensomeness and Thwarted Belongingness from Suicide Notescited by 3
  12. 2022Language Agnostic Code-Mixing Data Augmentation by Predicting Linguistic Patternscited by 3
  13. 2022A Comprehensive Understanding of Code-mixed Language Semantics using Hierarchical Transformercited by 2
  14. 2023MUTANT: A Multi-sentential Code-mixed Hinglish Datasetcited by 2
  15. 2023CONFLATOR: Incorporating Switching Point based Rotatory Positional Encodings for Code-Mixed Language Modelingcited by 2
  16. 2022SIT at MixMT 2022: Fluent Translation Built on Giant Pre-trained Modelscited by 1
  17. 2022Gui at MixMT 2022 : English-Hinglish: An MT approach for translation of code mixed datacited by 1
  18. 2026PingPong: A Natural Benchmark for Multi-Turn Code-Switching Dialoguescited by 1
  19. 2022JU_NLP at HinglishEval: Quality Evaluation of the Low-Resource Code-Mixed Hinglish Textcited by 0
  20. 2022Study of Encoder-Decoder Architectures for Code-Mix Search Query Translationcited by 0
  21. 2022The University of Edinburgh's Submission to the WMT22 Code-Mixing Shared Task (MixMT)cited by 0
  22. 2022Domain Curricula for Code-Switched MT at MixMT 2022cited by 0
  23. 2025Creating and Evaluating Code-Mixed Nepali-English and Telugu-English Datasets for Abusive Language Detection Using Traditional and Deep Learning Modelscited by 0
  24. 2026ChiEngMixBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Expert-Style Chinese-English Terminology Mixingcited by 0
  25. 2026Neither Here Nor There: Cross-Lingual Representation Dynamics of Code-Mixed Text in Multilingual Encoderscited by 0
  26. 2026IndicTalk: A Large-Scale Persona-Based Multilingual Conversational Corpus for Indic Languagescited by 0