End-to-End Intersection Handling using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Navigating through intersections is one of the main challenging tasks for an autonomous vehicle. However, for the majority of intersections regulated by traffic lights, the problem could be solved by a simple rule-based method in which the autonomous vehicle behavior is closely related to the traffic light states. In this work, we focus on the implementation of a system able to navigate through intersections where only traffic signs are provided. We propose a multi-agent system using a continuous, model-free Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm used to train a neural network for predicting both the acceleration and the steering angle at each time step. We demonstrate that agents learn both the basic rules needed to handle intersections by understanding the priorities of other learners inside the environment, and to drive safely along their paths. Moreover, a comparison between our system and a rule-based method proves that our model achieves better results especially with dense traffic conditions. Finally, we test our system on real world scenarios using real recorded traffic data, proving that our module is able to generalize both to unseen environments and to different traffic conditions.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Apr 2021.
Builds on
23 of 38 references.
References · 23
- 2015Continuous control with deep reinforcement learningcited by 3,279
- 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,211
- 2017CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulatorcited by 2,431
- 2016Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 2,218
- 2016End to End Learning for Self-Driving Carscited by 1,000
- 2017End-to-end Driving via Conditional Imitation Learningcited by 479
- 2016Deep Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Manipulation with Asynchronous Off-Policy Updatescited by 342
- 2018Learning to Drive in a Daycited by 266
- 2018An Introduction to Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 201
- 2017Playing for Benchmarkscited by 169
- 2015Deep Reinforcement Learning in Large Discrete Action Spacescited by 158
- 2018Learning to Walk via Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 153
11 more
- 2016Variational Autoencoder for Deep Learning of Images, Labels and Captionscited by 137
- 2019The inD Dataset: A Drone Dataset of Naturalistic Road User Trajectories at German Intersectionscited by 137
- 2018Learning to Drive from Simulation without Real World Labelscited by 39
- 2018Automated Speed and Lane Change Decision Making using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 36
- 2016End-to-End Deep Reinforcement Learning for Lane Keeping Assistcited by 27
- 2017Beyond Grand Theft Auto V for Training, Testing and Enhancing Deep Learning in Self Driving Carscited by 26
- 2017Navigating Occluded Intersections with Autonomous Vehicles using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 21
- 2020Emergent Road Rules In Multi-Agent Driving Environmentscited by 8
- 2020Intelligent Roundabout Insertion using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2020From Simulation to Real World Maneuver Execution using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2019Microscopic Traffic Simulation by Cooperative Multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 3.
6 papers.
- 2022Cooperative Behavior Planning for Automated Driving using Graph Neural Networkscited by 8
- 2022Tackling Real-World Autonomous Driving using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2023Integration of Reinforcement Learning Based Behavior Planning With Sampling Based Motion Planning for Automated Drivingcited by 4
- 2022An Enhanced Graph Representation for Machine Learning Based Automatic Intersection Managementcited by 3
- 2023Automatic Intersection Management in Mixed Traffic Using Reinforcement Learning and Graph Neural Networkscited by 3
- 2023Introducing Risk Shadowing For Decisive and Comfortable Behavior Planningcited by 0
- 2023Introducing Risk Shadowing For Decisive and Comfortable Behavior Planning20 Jul 2023
- 2023Integration of Reinforcement Learning Based Behavior Planning With Sampling Based Motion Planning for Automated Driving17 Apr 2023
- 2023Automatic Intersection Management in Mixed Traffic Using Reinforcement Learning and Graph Neural Networks30 Jan 2023
- 2022An Enhanced Graph Representation for Machine Learning Based Automatic Intersection Management18 Jul 2022
- 2022Tackling Real-World Autonomous Driving using Deep Reinforcement Learning5 Jul 2022
- 2022Cooperative Behavior Planning for Automated Driving using Graph Neural Networks23 Feb 2022