mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Perspectives on individual animal identification from biology and computer vision

arXiv 2103.00560 ↗First posted 28 Feb 2021cs.CV q-bio.QMcited by 31

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Abstract (arXiv)

Identifying individual animals is crucial for many biological investigations. In response to some of the limitations of current identification methods, new automated computer vision approaches have emerged with strong performance. Here, we review current advances of computer vision identification techniques to provide both computer scientists and biologists with an overview of the available tools and discuss their applications. We conclude by offering recommendations for starting an animal identification project, illustrate current limitations and propose how they might be addressed in the future.

Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 42 of its 137 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Feb 2021.

Builds on

42 of 137 references.

References · 42

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30 more
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  20. 2019Similarity Learning Networks for Animal Individual Re-Identification -- Beyond the Capabilities of a Human Observercited by 18
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 4; 2023: 4; 2024: 10; 2025: 2; 2026: 5.

31 papers.

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  1. 2021Seeing biodiversity: perspectives in machine learning for wildlife conservationcited by 129
  2. 2021The iWildCam 2021 Competition Datasetcited by 77
  3. 2023WildlifeDatasets: An open-source toolkit for animal re-identificationcited by 49
  4. 2022SeaTurtleID2022: A long-span dataset for reliable sea turtle re-identificationcited by 25
  5. 2021Towards Self-Supervision for Video Identification of Individual Holstein-Friesian Cattle: The Cows2021 Datasetcited by 21
  6. 2024WildlifeReID-10k: Wildlife re-identification dataset with 10k individual animalscited by 19
  7. 2024Computer Vision for Primate Behavior Analysis in the Wildcited by 10
  8. 2024WildFusion: Individual Animal Identification with Calibrated Similarity Fusioncited by 9
  9. 2021ElephantBook: A Semi-Automated Human-in-the-Loop System for Elephant Re-Identificationcited by 8
  10. 2023Human-in-the-Loop Visual Re-ID for Population Size Estimationcited by 7
  11. 2024Animal Identification with Independent Foreground and Background Modelingcited by 7
  12. 2024OpenAnimals: Revisiting Person Re-Identification for Animals Towards Better Generalizationcited by 6
19 more
  1. 2021The Animal ID Problem: Continual Curationcited by 5
  2. 2022Label a Herd in Minutes: Individual Holstein-Friesian Cattle Identificationcited by 5
  3. 2022NORPPA: NOvel Ringed seal re-identification by Pelage Pattern Aggregationcited by 5
  4. 2024Cooperative learning of Pl@ntNet's Artificial Intelligence algorithm: how does it work and how can we improve it?cited by 4
  5. 2024Towards Zero-Shot Camera Trap Image Categorizationcited by 3
  6. 2025A Computer Vision Pipeline for Individual-Level Behavior Analysis: Benchmarking on the Edinburgh Pig Datasetcited by 3
  7. 2021DynaDog+T: A Parametric Animal Model for Synthetic Canine Image Generationcited by 2
  8. 2022Learning-based Monocular 3D Reconstruction of Birds: A Contemporary Surveycited by 1
  9. 2023Combining feature aggregation and geometric similarity for re-identification of patterned animalscited by 1
  10. 2024Adapting the re-ID challenge for static sensorscited by 1
  11. 2026Degradation-based augmented training for robust individual animal re-identificationcited by 1
  12. 2023SeaTurtleID2022: A long-span dataset for reliable sea turtle re-identificationcited by 0
  13. 2024Enhancing Understanding Through Wildlife Re-Identificationcited by 0
  14. 2024Categorical Keypoint Positional Embedding for Robust Animal Re-Identificationcited by 0
  15. 2025Re-Identifying K=ak=a with AI-Automated Video Key Frame Extractioncited by 0
  16. 2026Near-perfect photo-ID of the Hula painted frog with zero-shot deep local-feature matchingcited by 0
  17. 2026From Visual to Multimodal: Systematic Ablation of Encoders and Fusion Strategies in Animal Identificationcited by 0
  18. 2026Centering Ecological Goals in Automated Identification of Individual Animalscited by 0
  19. 2026Exploring Clustering Capability of Inpainting Model Embeddings for Pattern-based Individual Identificationcited by 0