mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Training Larger Networks for Deep Reinforcement Learning

arXiv 2102.07920 ↗First posted 16 Feb 2021cs.LG cs.AI cs.ROcited by 37

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Abstract (arXiv)

The success of deep learning in the computer vision and natural language processing communities can be attributed to training of very deep neural networks with millions or billions of parameters which can then be trained with massive amounts of data. However, similar trend has largely eluded training of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms where larger networks do not lead to performance improvement. Previous work has shown that this is mostly due to instability during training of deep RL agents when using larger networks. In this paper, we make an attempt to understand and address training of larger networks for deep RL. We first show that naively increasing network capacity does not improve performance. Then, we propose a novel method that consists of 1) wider networks with DenseNet connection, 2) decoupling representation learning from training of RL, 3) a distributed training method to mitigate overfitting problems. Using this three-fold technique, we show that we can train very large networks that result in significant performance gains. We present several ablation studies to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method and some intuitive understanding of the reasons for performance gain. We show that our proposed method outperforms other baseline algorithms on several challenging locomotion tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Feb 2021.

Builds on

38 of 53 references.

References · 38

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  9. 2018Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actorcited by 4,635
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26 more
  1. 2016Understanding deep learning requires rethinking generalizationcited by 1,657
  2. 2017Visualizing the Loss Landscape of Neural Netscited by 1,126
  3. 2015Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 1,070
  4. 2017Rainbow: Combining Improvements in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 774
  5. 2018Recurrent World Models Facilitate Policy Evolutioncited by 761
  6. 2017Deep Reinforcement Learning that Matterscited by 727
  7. 2019Data-Efficient Image Recognition with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 672
  8. 2016Reinforcement Learning with Unsupervised Auxiliary Taskscited by 400
  9. 2017The Expressive Power of Neural Networks: A View from the Widthcited by 318
  10. 2021Scaling Laws for Transfercited by 265
  11. 2020Decoupling Representation Learning from Reinforcement Learningcited by 263
  12. 2018Distributed Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 260
  13. 2016Wider or Deeper: Revisiting the ResNet Model for Visual Recognitioncited by 184
  14. 2020Revisiting Fundamentals of Experience Replaycited by 171
  15. 2018Deep Reinforcement Learning and the Deadly Triadcited by 170
  16. 2020What Matters In On-Policy Reinforcement Learning? A Large-Scale Empirical Studycited by 157
  17. 2020Implicit Under-Parameterization Inhibits Data-Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 134
  18. 2018State Representation Learning for Control: An Overviewcited by 125
  19. 2017The loss surface of deep and wide neural networkscited by 74
  20. 2019Diagnosing Bottlenecks in Deep Q-learning Algorithmscited by 73
  21. 2016Loss is its own Reward: Self-Supervision for Reinforcement Learningcited by 72
  22. 2019Towards Characterizing Divergence in Deep Q-Learningcited by 43
  23. 2018Accelerated Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 40
  24. 2020D2RL: Deep Dense Architectures in Reinforcement Learningcited by 40
  25. 2020Can Increasing Input Dimensionality Improve Deep Reinforcement Learning?cited by 37
  26. 2019Regularization Matters in Policy Optimizationcited by 13

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 9; 2023: 8; 2024: 8; 2025: 7; 2026: 4.

37 papers.

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  1. 2023Bigger, Better, Faster: Human-level Atari with human-level efficiencycited by 145
  2. 2023Human-Timescale Adaptation in an Open-Ended Task Spacecited by 136
  3. 2025Improving Vision-Language-Action Model with Online Reinforcement Learningcited by 107
  4. 2023Contrastive Preference Learning: Learning from Human Feedback without RLcited by 77
  5. 2023For SALE: State-Action Representation Learning for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 73
  6. 2022Offline Q-Learning on Diverse Multi-Task Data Both Scales And Generalizescited by 72
  7. 2022VRL3: A Data-Driven Framework for Visual Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 51
  8. 2023A Survey on Transformers in Reinforcement Learningcited by 50
  9. 20251000 Layer Networks for Self-Supervised RL: Scaling Depth Can Enable New Goal-Reaching Capabilitiescited by 39
  10. 2024In value-based deep reinforcement learning, a pruned network is a good networkcited by 38
  11. 2023Provable and Practical: Efficient Exploration in Reinforcement Learning via Langevin Monte Carlocited by 29
  12. 2025Stable Gradients for Stable Learning at Scale in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 22
25 more
  1. 2022Bayesian Generational Population-Based Trainingcited by 20
  2. 2022Simplifying Polylogarithms with Machine Learningcited by 14
  3. 2024Scaling Offline Model-Based RL via Jointly-Optimized World-Action Model Pretrainingcited by 13
  4. 2022Reinforcement Learning with Automated Auxiliary Loss Searchcited by 12
  5. 2022Revisiting Discrete Soft Actor-Criticcited by 11
  6. 2023Hierarchical Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning with Mid-level Input Generation for Autonomous Driving on Urban Environmentscited by 11
  7. 2023Policy Optimization in a Noisy Neighborhood: On Return Landscapes in Continuous Controlcited by 11
  8. 2024Fully Spiking Actor Network with Intra-layer Connections for Reinforcement Learningcited by 10
  9. 2022Cliff Diving: Exploring Reward Surfaces in Reinforcement Learning Environmentscited by 9
  10. 2021Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Air Combat at DARPA's AlphaDogfight Trialscited by 8
  11. 2022Transformer in Transformer as Backbone for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
  12. 2024Iterated Q-Network: Beyond One-Step Bellman Updates in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
  13. 2025Eau De Q-Network: Adaptive Distillation of Neural Networks in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
  14. 2022Fast Population-Based Reinforcement Learning on a Single Machinecited by 5
  15. 2024Population-aware Online Mirror Descent for Mean-Field Games by Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
  16. 2024Simple Ingredients for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  17. 2025Population-aware Online Mirror Descent for Mean-Field Games with Common Noise by Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  18. 2026Preventing Learning Stagnation in PPO by Scaling to 1 Million Parallel Environmentscited by 3
  19. 2024Gradient Boosting Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
  20. 2025Exploring the robustness of TractOracle methods in RL-based tractographycited by 1
  21. 2024Stable Offline Value Function Learning with Bisimulation-based Representationscited by 0
  22. 2025Pretraining in Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning for Locomotioncited by 0
  23. 2026Topology-Aware Revival for Efficient Sparse Trainingcited by 0
  24. 2026Learning Reach-Avoid Task with Reinforcement Learning: Vectorized Simulation and Benchmarkcited by 0
  25. 2026Closed-Loop Evaluation of Bird's-Eye-View Maps from Cross-View Transformers as Inputs to Behavior-Cloning Policiescited by 0