PyKEEN 1.0: A Python Library for Training and Evaluating Knowledge Graph Embeddings
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recently, knowledge graph embeddings (KGEs) received significant attention, and several software libraries have been developed for training and evaluating KGEs. While each of them addresses specific needs, we re-designed and re-implemented PyKEEN, one of the first KGE libraries, in a community effort. PyKEEN 1.0 enables users to compose knowledge graph embedding models (KGEMs) based on a wide range of interaction models, training approaches, loss functions, and permits the explicit modeling of inverse relations. Besides, an automatic memory optimization has been realized in order to exploit the provided hardware optimally, and through the integration of Optuna extensive hyper-parameter optimization (HPO) functionalities are provided.
Key facts. Cited by 77 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 28 Jul 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 12; 2022: 15; 2023: 17; 2024: 14; 2025: 11; 2026: 8.
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- 2021NodePiece: Compositional and Parameter-Efficient Representations of Large Knowledge Graphscited by 72
- 2022An Open Challenge for Inductive Link Prediction on Knowledge Graphscited by 26
- 2022Inductive Logical Query Answering in Knowledge Graphscited by 26
- 2021Improving Inductive Link Prediction Using Hyper-Relational Factscited by 22
- 2021Understanding the Performance of Knowledge Graph Embeddings in Drug Discoverycited by 18
- 2022A Unified Framework for Rank-based Evaluation Metrics for Link Prediction in Knowledge Graphscited by 15
- 2024Actionable Cyber Threat Intelligence using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2022ExpressivE: A Spatio-Functional Embedding For Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 13
- 2021Knowledge Sheaves: A Sheaf-Theoretic Framework for Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 11
- 2021Implications of Topological Imbalance for Representation Learning on Biomedical Knowledge Graphscited by 11
- 2022ChemicalX: A Deep Learning Library for Drug Pair Scoringcited by 11
- 2021Improving Scene Graph Classification by Exploiting Knowledge from Textscited by 10
38 more
- 2022KRACL: Contrastive Learning with Graph Context Modeling for Sparse Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 10
- 2025HypKG: Hypergraph-based Knowledge Graph Contextualization for Precision Healthcarecited by 9
- 2021The Tensor Brain: A Unified Theory of Perception, Memory and Semantic Decodingcited by 8
- 2022NeuralKG: An Open Source Library for Diverse Representation Learning of Knowledge Graphscited by 8
- 2024Towards Artwork Explanation in Large-scale Vision Language Modelscited by 8
- 2021Unified Interpretation of Softmax Cross-Entropy and Negative Sampling: With Case Study for Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 7
- 2021GRAPE for Fast and Scalable Graph Processing and random walk-based Embeddingcited by 7
- 2021Towards Automatic Bias Detection in Knowledge Graphscited by 6
- 2021MOOMIN: Deep Molecular Omics Network for Anti-Cancer Drug Combination Therapycited by 6
- 2021Triple Classification for Scholarly Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 5
- 2022LambdaKG: A Library for Pre-trained Language Model-Based Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 5
- 2023BioBLP: A Modular Framework for Learning on Multimodal Biomedical Knowledge Graphscited by 5
- 2022A Knowledge Graph Embeddings based Approach for Author Name Disambiguation using Literalscited by 4
- 2022μKG: A Library for Multi-source Knowledge Graph Embeddings and Applicationscited by 4
- 2022KGxBoard: Explainable and Interactive Leaderboard for Evaluation of Knowledge Graph Completion Modelscited by 4
- 2023Universal Preprocessing Operators for Embedding Knowledge Graphs with Literalscited by 4
- 2023Clinical Trial Recommendations Using Semantics-Based Inductive Inference and Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 4
- 2024SnapE -- Training Snapshot Ensembles of Link Prediction Modelscited by 4
- 2022Hardware-agnostic Computation for Large-scale Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 3
- 2024Identifying the Achilles' Heel: An Iterative Method for Dynamically Uncovering Factual Errors in Large Language Modelscited by 3
- 2024Improving Molecule Generation and Drug Discovery with a Knowledge-enhanced Generative Modelcited by 3
- 2022LiveSchema: A Gateway Towards Learning on Knowledge Graph Schemascited by 2
- 2022The URW-KG: a Resource for Tackling the Underrepresentation of non-Western Writerscited by 2
- 2023A Knowledge Graph Perspective on Supply Chain Resiliencecited by 2
- 2023Literal-Aware Knowledge Graph Embedding for Welding Quality Monitoring: A Bosch Casecited by 2
- 2023Know2BIO: A Comprehensive Dual-View Benchmark for Evolving Biomedical Knowledge Graphscited by 2
- 2023Towards a Gateway for Knowledge Graph Schemas Collection, Analysis, and Embeddingcited by 2
- 2024MARS: A neurosymbolic approach for interpretable drug discoverycited by 2
- 2024A Survey on Knowledge Graph Structure and Knowledge Graph Embeddingscited by 2
- 2025Knowledge-augmented Pre-trained Language Models for Biomedical Relation Extractioncited by 2
- 2025Augmenting generative models with biomedical knowledge graphs improves targeted drug discoverycited by 2
- 2022Leveraging Wikidata's edit history in knowledge graph refinement taskscited by 1
- 2023NeuralKG-ind: A Python Library for Inductive Knowledge Graph Representation Learningcited by 1
- 2023Knowledge Graphs are not Created Equal: Exploring the Properties and Structure of Real KGscited by 1
- 2023Does Pre-trained Language Model Actually Infer Unseen Links in Knowledge Graph Completion?cited by 1
- 2024Context-aware knowledge graph framework for traffic speed forecasting using graph neural networkcited by 1
- 2025Understanding the Embedding Models on Hyper-relational Knowledge Graphcited by 1
- 2025Enhancing PyKEEN with Multiple Negative Sampling Solutions for Knowledge Graph Embedding Modelscited by 1
50 most cited of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2026Neural Structural Reasoner: A Brain-inspired Architecture for Reasoning over Structured Knowledge29 Sep 2026
- 2026Oracle, will I ever learn? A study of prediction convergence and complementarity across link prediction models2 Sep 2026
- 2026PyKEEN-NSX: A Modular Framework for Static, Dynamic and Schema-Aware Negative Sampling in PyKEEN31 Aug 2026
- 2026General Semantic Knowledge Infusion for Spatio-Temporal Traffic Forecasting18 Aug 2026
- 2026KG-TRACE: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Mechanistic Grounding in Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction24 Jun 2026
- 2026ChronoMedKG: A Temporally-Grounded Biomedical Knowledge Graph and Benchmark for Clinical Reasoning21 May 2026
- 2026BoxLitE: A Faithful Knowledge Base Embedding Based on Convex Optimization27 Apr 2026
- 2026OMNIA: Closing the Loop by Leveraging LLMs for Knowledge Graph Completion12 Mar 2026
- 2025Improving Continual Learning of Knowledge Graph Embeddings via Informed Initialization14 Nov 2025
- 2025Augmenting generative models with biomedical knowledge graphs improves targeted drug discovery10 Oct 2025
- 2025OntoAligner Meets Knowledge Graph Embedding Aligners30 Sep 2025
- 2025Enabling Down Syndrome Research through a Knowledge Graph-Driven Analytical Framework1 Sep 2025
38 more
- 2025Knowledge Graph Completion for Action Prediction on Situational Graphs -- A Case Study on Household Tasks19 Aug 2025
- 2025GRainsaCK: a Comprehensive Software Library for Benchmarking Explanations of Link Prediction Tasks on Knowledge Graphs12 Aug 2025
- 2025Enhancing PyKEEN with Multiple Negative Sampling Solutions for Knowledge Graph Embedding Models7 Aug 2025
- 2025Understanding the Embedding Models on Hyper-relational Knowledge Graph5 Aug 2025
- 2025HypKG: Hypergraph-based Knowledge Graph Contextualization for Precision Healthcare26 Jul 2025
- 2025Knowledge-augmented Pre-trained Language Models for Biomedical Relation Extraction1 May 2025
- 2025PathE: Leveraging Entity-Agnostic Paths for Parameter-Efficient Knowledge Graph Embeddings31 Jan 2025
- 2024Extending TWIG: Zero-Shot Predictive Hyperparameter Selection for KGEs based on Graph Structure19 Dec 2024
- 2024A Survey on Knowledge Graph Structure and Knowledge Graph Embeddings13 Dec 2024
- 2024KITE-DDI: A Knowledge graph Integrated Transformer Model for accurately predicting Drug-Drug Interaction Events from Drug SMILES and Biomedical Knowledge Graph8 Dec 2024
- 2024Capturing and Anticipating User Intents in Data Analytics via Knowledge Graphs1 Nov 2024
- 2024MARS: A neurosymbolic approach for interpretable drug discovery2 Oct 2024
- 2024SnapE -- Training Snapshot Ensembles of Link Prediction Models5 Aug 2024
- 2024Context-aware knowledge graph framework for traffic speed forecasting using graph neural network25 Jul 2024
- 2024Actionable Cyber Threat Intelligence using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models30 Jun 2024
- 2024Improving rule mining via embedding-based link prediction14 Jun 2024
- 2024Empowering Small-Scale Knowledge Graphs: A Strategy of Leveraging General-Purpose Knowledge Graphs for Enriched Embeddings17 May 2024
- 2024Towards Artwork Explanation in Large-scale Vision Language Models29 Feb 2024
- 2024Improving Molecule Generation and Drug Discovery with a Knowledge-enhanced Generative Model13 Feb 2024
- 2024Are We Wasting Time? A Fast, Accurate Performance Evaluation Framework for Knowledge Graph Link Predictors25 Jan 2024
- 2024Identifying the Achilles' Heel: An Iterative Method for Dynamically Uncovering Factual Errors in Large Language Models1 Jan 2024
- 2023Towards a Gateway for Knowledge Graph Schemas Collection, Analysis, and Embedding21 Nov 2023
- 2023Does Pre-trained Language Model Actually Infer Unseen Links in Knowledge Graph Completion?15 Nov 2023
- 2023Knowledge Graphs are not Created Equal: Exploring the Properties and Structure of Real KGs10 Nov 2023
- 2023Know2BIO: A Comprehensive Dual-View Benchmark for Evolving Biomedical Knowledge Graphs5 Oct 2023
- 2023Clinical Trial Recommendations Using Semantics-Based Inductive Inference and Knowledge Graph Embeddings27 Sep 2023
- 2023Feature Propagation on Knowledge Graphs using Cellular Sheaves7 Sep 2023
- 2023Universal Preprocessing Operators for Embedding Knowledge Graphs with Literals6 Sep 2023
- 2023PDPK: A Framework to Synthesise Process Data and Corresponding Procedural Knowledge for Manufacturing16 Aug 2023
- 2023Literal-Aware Knowledge Graph Embedding for Welding Quality Monitoring: A Bosch Case2 Aug 2023
- 2023Anticipating Technical Expertise and Capability Evolution in Research Communities using Dynamic Graph Transformers18 Jul 2023
- 2023Multi-Dialectal Representation Learning of Sinitic Phonology30 Jun 2023
- 2023BioBLP: A Modular Framework for Learning on Multimodal Biomedical Knowledge Graphs6 Jun 2023
- 2023Causal Intervention for Measuring Confidence in Drug-Target Interaction Prediction31 May 2023
- 2023A Knowledge Graph Perspective on Supply Chain Resilience15 May 2023
- 2023Lattice-preserving ALC ontology embeddings with saturation11 May 2023
- 2023NeuralKG-ind: A Python Library for Inductive Knowledge Graph Representation Learning28 Apr 2023
- 2023IRT2: Inductive Linking and Ranking in Knowledge Graphs of Varying Scale2 Jan 2023
50 newest of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2021NodePiece: Compositional and Parameter-Efficient Representations of Large Knowledge Graphscited by 72
- 2022An Open Challenge for Inductive Link Prediction on Knowledge Graphscited by 26
- 2022Inductive Logical Query Answering in Knowledge Graphscited by 26
- 2021Improving Inductive Link Prediction Using Hyper-Relational Factscited by 22
- 2021Understanding the Performance of Knowledge Graph Embeddings in Drug Discoverycited by 18
- 2022A Unified Framework for Rank-based Evaluation Metrics for Link Prediction in Knowledge Graphscited by 15
- 2024Actionable Cyber Threat Intelligence using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2022ExpressivE: A Spatio-Functional Embedding For Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 13
- 2021Knowledge Sheaves: A Sheaf-Theoretic Framework for Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 11
- 2021Implications of Topological Imbalance for Representation Learning on Biomedical Knowledge Graphscited by 11
- 2022ChemicalX: A Deep Learning Library for Drug Pair Scoringcited by 11
- 2021Improving Scene Graph Classification by Exploiting Knowledge from Textscited by 10
12 most cited of 74 All 74 (JSON)
- 2026Neural Structural Reasoner: A Brain-inspired Architecture for Reasoning over Structured Knowledge29 Sep 2026
- 2026Oracle, will I ever learn? A study of prediction convergence and complementarity across link prediction models2 Sep 2026
- 2026PyKEEN-NSX: A Modular Framework for Static, Dynamic and Schema-Aware Negative Sampling in PyKEEN31 Aug 2026
- 2026General Semantic Knowledge Infusion for Spatio-Temporal Traffic Forecasting18 Aug 2026
- 2026KG-TRACE: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Mechanistic Grounding in Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction24 Jun 2026
- 2026BoxLitE: A Faithful Knowledge Base Embedding Based on Convex Optimization27 Apr 2026
- 2026OMNIA: Closing the Loop by Leveraging LLMs for Knowledge Graph Completion12 Mar 2026
- 2025Improving Continual Learning of Knowledge Graph Embeddings via Informed Initialization14 Nov 2025
- 2025Augmenting generative models with biomedical knowledge graphs improves targeted drug discovery10 Oct 2025
- 2025OntoAligner Meets Knowledge Graph Embedding Aligners30 Sep 2025
- 2025Enabling Down Syndrome Research through a Knowledge Graph-Driven Analytical Framework1 Sep 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph Completion for Action Prediction on Situational Graphs -- A Case Study on Household Tasks19 Aug 2025
12 newest of 74 All 74 (JSON)