A Better Use of Audio-Visual Cues: Dense Video Captioning with Bi-modal Transformer
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Abstract (arXiv)
Dense video captioning aims to localize and describe important events in untrimmed videos. Existing methods mainly tackle this task by exploiting only visual features, while completely neglecting the audio track. Only a few prior works have utilized both modalities, yet they show poor results or demonstrate the importance on a dataset with a specific domain. In this paper, we introduce Bi-modal Transformer which generalizes the Transformer architecture for a bi-modal input. We show the effectiveness of the proposed model with audio and visual modalities on the dense video captioning task, yet the module is capable of digesting any two modalities in a sequence-to-sequence task. We also show that the pre-trained bi-modal encoder as a part of the bi-modal transformer can be used as a feature extractor for a simple proposal generation module. The performance is demonstrated on a challenging ActivityNet Captions dataset where our model achieves outstanding performance. The code is available: v-iashin.github.io/bmt
Key facts. Cited by 75 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 May 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 11; 2022: 14; 2023: 18; 2024: 20; 2025: 11; 2026: 1.
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- 2023Vid2Seq: Large-Scale Pretraining of a Visual Language Model for Dense Video Captioningcited by 263
- 2023VTimeLLM: Empower LLM to Grasp Video Momentscited by 253
- 2024AuroraCap: Efficient, Performant Video Detailed Captioning and a New Benchmarkcited by 137
- 2021End-to-End Dense Video Captioning with Parallel Decodingcited by 133
- 2022End-to-end Generative Pretraining for Multimodal Video Captioningcited by 115
- 2021CLIP-It! Language-Guided Video Summarizationcited by 99
- 2023Hierarchical Video-Moment Retrieval and Step-Captioningcited by 83
- 2024Streaming Dense Video Captioningcited by 82
- 2022Video Transformers: A Surveycited by 63
- 2023SoccerNet-Caption: Dense Video Captioning for Soccer Broadcasts Commentariescited by 57
- 2023AutoAD II: The Sequel -- Who, When, and What in Movie Audio Descriptioncited by 48
- 2023UnIVAL: Unified Model for Image, Video, Audio and Language Taskscited by 44
38 more
- 2024Do You Remember? Dense Video Captioning with Cross-Modal Memory Retrievalcited by 36
- 2022TL;DW? Summarizing Instructional Videos with Task Relevance & Cross-Modal Saliencycited by 35
- 2024AutoAD III: The Prequel -- Back to the Pixelscited by 35
- 2023A Review of Deep Learning for Video Captioningcited by 28
- 2022Automated Audio Captioning: An Overview of Recent Progress and New Challengescited by 22
- 2022Temporal and cross-modal attention for audio-visual zero-shot learningcited by 19
- 2022Unifying Event Detection and Captioning as Sequence Generation via Pre-Trainingcited by 17
- 2023Fine-grained Audible Video Descriptioncited by 17
- 2023Dense Video Captioning: A Survey of Techniques, Datasets and Evaluation Protocolscited by 17
- 2021Dyadformer: A Multi-modal Transformer for Long-Range Modeling of Dyadic Interactionscited by 16
- 2025ARGUS: Hallucination and Omission Evaluation in Video-LLMscited by 16
- 2021Audio-Visual Scene-Aware Dialog and Reasoning using Audio-Visual Transformers with Joint Student-Teacher Learningcited by 15
- 2024DIBS: Enhancing Dense Video Captioning with Unlabeled Videos via Pseudo Boundary Enrichment and Online Refinementcited by 13
- 2025Shot-by-Shot: Film-Grammar-Aware Training-Free Audio Description Generationcited by 13
- 2024Dense Audio-Visual Event Localization under Cross-Modal Consistency and Multi-Temporal Granularity Collaborationcited by 12
- 2024DistinctAD: Distinctive Audio Description Generation in Contextscited by 11
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of 3D Dense Captioning: Localizing and Describing Objects in 3D Scenescited by 10
- 2021Sensor-Augmented Egocentric-Video Captioning with Dynamic Modal Attentioncited by 9
- 2024Enhancing Traffic Safety with Parallel Dense Video Captioning for End-to-End Event Analysiscited by 9
- 2025Caption Anything in Video: Fine-grained Object-centric Captioning via Spatiotemporal Multimodal Promptingcited by 9
- 2023Learning Grounded Vision-Language Representation for Versatile Understanding in Untrimmed Videoscited by 8
- 2025VideoExpert: Augmented LLM for Temporal-Sensitive Video Understandingcited by 8
- 2021Tell me what you see: A zero-shot action recognition method based on natural language descriptionscited by 7
- 2023A Hierarchical Graph-based Approach for Recognition and Description Generation of Bimanual Actions in Videoscited by 7
- 2024From CNNs to Transformers in Multimodal Human Action Recognition: A Surveycited by 7
- 2024HiCM2: Hierarchical Compact Memory Modeling for Dense Video Captioningcited by 7
- 2021WhyAct: Identifying Action Reasons in Lifestyle Vlogscited by 6
- 2021Dense Video Captioning Using Unsupervised Semantic Informationcited by 5
- 2022Multimodal Frame-Scoring Transformer for Video Summarizationcited by 4
- 2022A Closer Look at Temporal Ordering in the Segmentation of Instructional Videoscited by 4
- 2023Zero-Shot Dense Video Captioning by Jointly Optimizing Text and Momentcited by 4
- 2025Sali4Vid: Saliency-Aware Video Reweighting and Adaptive Caption Retrieval for Dense Video Captioningcited by 4
- 2021Optimizing Latency for Online Video CaptioningUsing Audio-Visual Transformerscited by 3
- 2022Taking an Emotional Look at Video Paragraph Captioningcited by 3
- 2022SAVCHOI: Detecting Suspicious Activities using Dense Video Captioning with Human Object Interactionscited by 3
- 2022Multi-modal Video Chapter Generationcited by 3
- 2023Exploring the Role of Audio in Video Captioningcited by 3
- 2023Style-transfer based Speech and Audio-visual Scene Understanding for Robot Action Sequence Acquisition from Videoscited by 3
50 most cited of 75 All 75 (JSON)
- 2026Follow the Saliency: Supervised Saliency for Retrieval-augmented Dense Video Captioning12 Mar 2026
- 2025Language-guided Recursive Spatiotemporal Graph Modeling for Video Summarization6 Sep 2025
- 2025Sali4Vid: Saliency-Aware Video Reweighting and Adaptive Caption Retrieval for Dense Video Captioning4 Sep 2025
- 2025Time-Scaling State-Space Models for Dense Video Captioning3 Sep 2025
- 2025VoCap: Video Object Captioning and Segmentation from Any Prompt29 Aug 2025
- 2025Toward Scalable Video Narration: A Training-free Approach Using Multimodal Large Language Models22 Jul 2025
- 2025ESG-Net: Event-Aware Semantic Guided Network for Dense Audio-Visual Event Localization14 Jul 2025
- 2025PR-DETR: Injecting Position and Relation Prior for Dense Video Captioning19 Jun 2025
- 2025ARGUS: Hallucination and Omission Evaluation in Video-LLMs9 Jun 2025
- 2025VideoExpert: Augmented LLM for Temporal-Sensitive Video Understanding10 Apr 2025
- 2025Caption Anything in Video: Fine-grained Object-centric Captioning via Spatiotemporal Multimodal Prompting7 Apr 2025
- 2025Shot-by-Shot: Film-Grammar-Aware Training-Free Audio Description Generation1 Apr 2025
38 more
- 2024HiCM2: Hierarchical Compact Memory Modeling for Dense Video Captioning19 Dec 2024
- 2024Query-centric Audio-Visual Cognition Network for Moment Retrieval, Segmentation and Step-Captioning18 Dec 2024
- 2024Dense Audio-Visual Event Localization under Cross-Modal Consistency and Multi-Temporal Granularity Collaboration17 Dec 2024
- 2024Exploring Temporal Event Cues for Dense Video Captioning in Cyclic Co-learning16 Dec 2024
- 2024DistinctAD: Distinctive Audio Description Generation in Contexts27 Nov 2024
- 2024GEM-VPC: A dual Graph-Enhanced Multimodal integration for Video Paragraph Captioning12 Oct 2024
- 2024AuroraCap: Efficient, Performant Video Detailed Captioning and a New Benchmark4 Oct 2024
- 2024Survey: Transformer-based Models in Data Modality Conversion8 Aug 2024
- 2024GUIDE: A Guideline-Guided Dataset for Instructional Video Comprehension26 Jun 2024
- 2024Labeling Comic Mischief Content in Online Videos with a Multimodal Hierarchical-Cross-Attention Model12 Jun 2024
- 20242DP-2MRC: 2-Dimensional Pointer-based Machine Reading Comprehension Method for Multimodal Moment Retrieval10 Jun 2024
- 2024Progressive Confident Masking Attention Network for Audio-Visual Segmentation4 Jun 2024
- 2024From CNNs to Transformers in Multimodal Human Action Recognition: A Survey22 May 2024
- 2024AutoAD III: The Prequel -- Back to the Pixels22 Apr 2024
- 2024Enhancing Traffic Safety with Parallel Dense Video Captioning for End-to-End Event Analysis12 Apr 2024
- 2024Do You Remember? Dense Video Captioning with Cross-Modal Memory Retrieval11 Apr 2024
- 2024DIBS: Enhancing Dense Video Captioning with Unlabeled Videos via Pseudo Boundary Enrichment and Online Refinement3 Apr 2024
- 2024Streaming Dense Video Captioning1 Apr 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of 3D Dense Captioning: Localizing and Describing Objects in 3D Scenes12 Mar 2024
- 2024Multi-modal News Understanding with Professionally Labelled Videos (ReutersViLNews)23 Jan 2024
- 2023VTimeLLM: Empower LLM to Grasp Video Moments30 Nov 2023
- 2023Dense Video Captioning: A Survey of Techniques, Datasets and Evaluation Protocols5 Nov 2023
- 2023VidCoM: Fast Video Comprehension through Large Language Models with Multimodal Tools16 Oct 2023
- 2023AutoAD II: The Sequel -- Who, When, and What in Movie Audio Description10 Oct 2023
- 2023Human-centric Behavior Description in Videos: New Benchmark and Model4 Oct 2023
- 2023A Hierarchical Graph-based Approach for Recognition and Description Generation of Bimanual Actions in Videos1 Oct 2023
- 2023Text-to-feature diffusion for audio-visual few-shot learning7 Sep 2023
- 2023UnIVAL: Unified Model for Image, Video, Audio and Language Tasks30 Jul 2023
- 2023Zero-Shot Dense Video Captioning by Jointly Optimizing Text and Moment5 Jul 2023
- 2023Style-transfer based Speech and Audio-visual Scene Understanding for Robot Action Sequence Acquisition from Videos27 Jun 2023
- 2023Exploring the Role of Audio in Video Captioning21 Jun 2023
- 2023A Review of Deep Learning for Video Captioning22 Apr 2023
- 2023SoccerNet-Caption: Dense Video Captioning for Soccer Broadcasts Commentaries10 Apr 2023
- 2023Hierarchical Video-Moment Retrieval and Step-Captioning29 Mar 2023
- 2023Fine-grained Audible Video Description27 Mar 2023
- 2023Implicit and Explicit Commonsense for Multi-sentence Video Captioning14 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning Grounded Vision-Language Representation for Versatile Understanding in Untrimmed Videos11 Mar 2023
- 2023Vid2Seq: Large-Scale Pretraining of a Visual Language Model for Dense Video Captioning27 Feb 2023
50 newest of 75 All 75 (JSON)
- 2023VTimeLLM: Empower LLM to Grasp Video Momentscited by 253
- 2024AuroraCap: Efficient, Performant Video Detailed Captioning and a New Benchmarkcited by 137
- 2021End-to-End Dense Video Captioning with Parallel Decodingcited by 133
- 2022End-to-end Generative Pretraining for Multimodal Video Captioningcited by 115
- 2021CLIP-It! Language-Guided Video Summarizationcited by 99
- 2023Hierarchical Video-Moment Retrieval and Step-Captioningcited by 83
- 2024Streaming Dense Video Captioningcited by 82
- 2022Video Transformers: A Surveycited by 63
- 2023SoccerNet-Caption: Dense Video Captioning for Soccer Broadcasts Commentariescited by 57
- 2023AutoAD II: The Sequel -- Who, When, and What in Movie Audio Descriptioncited by 48
- 2023UnIVAL: Unified Model for Image, Video, Audio and Language Taskscited by 44
- 2024Do You Remember? Dense Video Captioning with Cross-Modal Memory Retrievalcited by 36
12 most cited of 73 All 73 (JSON)
- 2026Follow the Saliency: Supervised Saliency for Retrieval-augmented Dense Video Captioning12 Mar 2026
- 2025Language-guided Recursive Spatiotemporal Graph Modeling for Video Summarization6 Sep 2025
- 2025Sali4Vid: Saliency-Aware Video Reweighting and Adaptive Caption Retrieval for Dense Video Captioning4 Sep 2025
- 2025Time-Scaling State-Space Models for Dense Video Captioning3 Sep 2025
- 2025VoCap: Video Object Captioning and Segmentation from Any Prompt29 Aug 2025
- 2025ESG-Net: Event-Aware Semantic Guided Network for Dense Audio-Visual Event Localization14 Jul 2025
- 2025PR-DETR: Injecting Position and Relation Prior for Dense Video Captioning19 Jun 2025
- 2025ARGUS: Hallucination and Omission Evaluation in Video-LLMs9 Jun 2025
- 2025VideoExpert: Augmented LLM for Temporal-Sensitive Video Understanding10 Apr 2025
- 2025Caption Anything in Video: Fine-grained Object-centric Captioning via Spatiotemporal Multimodal Prompting7 Apr 2025
- 2025Shot-by-Shot: Film-Grammar-Aware Training-Free Audio Description Generation1 Apr 2025
- 2024HiCM2: Hierarchical Compact Memory Modeling for Dense Video Captioning19 Dec 2024
12 newest of 73 All 73 (JSON)