mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

INFOTABS: Inference on Tables as Semi-structured Data

arXiv 2005.06117 ↗First posted 13 May 2020cs.CL cs.AIcited by 84

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we observe that semi-structured tabulated text is ubiquitous; understanding them requires not only comprehending the meaning of text fragments, but also implicit relationships between them. We argue that such data can prove as a testing ground for understanding how we reason about information. To study this, we introduce a new dataset called INFOTABS, comprising of human-written textual hypotheses based on premises that are tables extracted from Wikipedia info-boxes. Our analysis shows that the semi-structured, multi-domain and heterogeneous nature of the premises admits complex, multi-faceted reasoning. Experiments reveal that, while human annotators agree on the relationships between a table-hypothesis pair, several standard modeling strategies are unsuccessful at the task, suggesting that reasoning about tables can pose a difficult modeling challenge.

Key facts. Cited by 84 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 May 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 15; 2022: 12; 2023: 19; 2024: 14; 2025: 17; 2026: 7.

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  1. 2021A Survey on Automated Fact-Checkingcited by 376
  2. 2023Survey on Factuality in Large Language Models: Knowledge, Retrieval and Domain-Specificitycited by 204
  3. 2023Large Language Models are Versatile Decomposers: Decompose Evidence and Questions for Table-based Reasoningcited by 177
  4. 2025MiniCPM-V 4.5: Cooking Efficient MLLMs via Architecture, Data, and Training Recipecited by 174
  5. 2021FEVEROUS: Fact Extraction and VERification Over Unstructured and Structured informationcited by 166
  6. 2024Large Language Models(LLMs) on Tabular Data: Prediction, Generation, and Understanding -- A Surveycited by 157
  7. 2022Rethinking with Retrieval: Faithful Large Language Model Inferencecited by 145
  8. 2023Cumulative Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 94
  9. 2021X-FACT: A New Benchmark Dataset for Multilingual Fact Checkingcited by 90
  10. 2023Self-Knowledge Guided Retrieval Augmentation for Large Language Modelscited by 69
  11. 2023SCITAB: A Challenging Benchmark for Compositional Reasoning and Claim Verification on Scientific Tablescited by 51
  12. 2024Multimodal Table Understandingcited by 43
38 more
  1. 2024PlanRAG: A Plan-then-Retrieval Augmented Generation for Generative Large Language Models as Decision Makerscited by 42
  2. 2023RobuT: A Systematic Study of Table QA Robustness Against Human-Annotated Adversarial Perturbationscited by 41
  3. 2021Turning Tables: Generating Examples from Semi-structured Tables for Endowing Language Models with Reasoning Skillscited by 39
  4. 2022CHEF: A Pilot Chinese Dataset for Evidence-Based Fact-Checkingcited by 37
  5. 2021SemEval-2021 Task 9: Fact Verification and Evidence Finding for Tabular Data in Scientific Documents (SEM-TAB-FACTS)cited by 35
  6. 2023Reading and Reasoning over Chart Images for Evidence-based Automated Fact-Checkingcited by 34
  7. 2022Robust (Controlled) Table-to-Text Generation with Structure-Aware Equivariance Learningcited by 32
  8. 2023Self-Checker: Plug-and-Play Modules for Fact-Checking with Large Language Modelscited by 31
  9. 2024A Survey of Table Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 29
  10. 2024StructLM: Towards Building Generalist Models for Structured Knowledge Groundingcited by 29
  11. 2023Trends in Integration of Knowledge and Large Language Models: A Survey and Taxonomy of Methods, Benchmarks, and Applicationscited by 28
  12. 2023TempTabQA: Temporal Question Answering for Semi-Structured Tablescited by 27
  13. 2024Evaluating LLMs' Mathematical Reasoning in Financial Document Question Answeringcited by 25
  14. 2023Effective Distillation of Table-based Reasoning Ability from LLMscited by 23
  15. 2021Representations for Question Answering from Documents with Tables and Textcited by 21
  16. 2024FinDVer: Explainable Claim Verification over Long and Hybrid-Content Financial Documentscited by 19
  17. 2022DiSCoMaT: Distantly Supervised Composition Extraction from Tables in Materials Science Articlescited by 17
  18. 2024Enhancing Ethical Explanations of Large Language Models through Iterative Symbolic Refinementcited by 16
  19. 2025SciVer: Evaluating Foundation Models for Multimodal Scientific Claim Verificationcited by 16
  20. 2025LLM/Agent-as-Data-Analyst: A Surveycited by 15
  21. 2021TAPAS at SemEval-2021 Task 9: Reasoning over tables with intermediate pre-trainingcited by 14
  22. 2025Multimodal Tabular Reasoning with Privileged Structured Informationcited by 14
  23. 2022Table-based Fact Verification with Self-adaptive Mixture of Expertscited by 12
  24. 2023Investigating Table-to-Text Generation Capabilities of LLMs in Real-World Information Seeking Scenarioscited by 12
  25. 2021Dataset of Fake News Detection and Fact Verification: A Surveycited by 11
  26. 2025Tabular Data Understanding with LLMs: A Survey of Recent Advances and Challengescited by 10
  27. 2021Is My Model Using The Right Evidence? Systematic Probes for Examining Evidence-Based Tabular Reasoningcited by 9
  28. 2024Enhancing Temporal Understanding in LLMs for Semi-structured Tablescited by 8
  29. 2025Weaver: Interweaving SQL and LLM for Table Reasoningcited by 8
  30. 2021Graph Reasoning with Context-Aware Linearization for Interpretable Fact Extraction and Verificationcited by 6
  31. 2022Mind the Labels: Describing Relations in Knowledge Graphs With Pretrained Modelscited by 6
  32. 2022Optimization Techniques for Unsupervised Complex Table Reasoning via Self-Training Frameworkcited by 6
  33. 2023Evaluating Concurrent Robustness of Language Models Across Diverse Challenge Setscited by 6
  34. 2024TANQ: An open domain dataset of table answered questionscited by 6
  35. 2025HIPPO: Enhancing the Table Understanding Capability of LLMs through Hybrid-Modal Preference Optimizationcited by 5
  36. 2025TABLET: A Large-Scale Dataset for Robust Visual Table Understandingcited by 5
  37. 2021Logic-level Evidence Retrieval and Graph-based Verification Network for Table-based Fact Verificationcited by 4
  38. 2022Realistic Data Augmentation Framework for Enhancing Tabular Reasoningcited by 4

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