MLSUM: The Multilingual Summarization Corpus
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present MLSUM, the first large-scale MultiLingual SUMmarization dataset. Obtained from online newspapers, it contains 1.5M+ article/summary pairs in five different languages -- namely, French, German, Spanish, Russian, Turkish. Together with English newspapers from the popular CNN/Daily mail dataset, the collected data form a large scale multilingual dataset which can enable new research directions for the text summarization community. We report cross-lingual comparative analyses based on state-of-the-art systems. These highlight existing biases which motivate the use of a multi-lingual dataset.
Key facts. Cited by 121 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 30 Apr 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 11; 2022: 30; 2023: 29; 2024: 26; 2025: 19; 2026: 6.
121 papers.
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- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
- 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 837
- 2023A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Modelscited by 639
- 2021XL-Sum: Large-Scale Multilingual Abstractive Summarization for 44 Languagescited by 346
- 2021The GEM Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and Metricscited by 239
- 2024When Scaling Meets LLM Finetuning: The Effect of Data, Model and Finetuning Methodcited by 201
- 2022Repairing the Cracked Foundation: A Survey of Obstacles in Evaluation Practices for Generated Textcited by 154
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Process-Oriented Automatic Text Summarization with Exploration of LLM-Based Methodscited by 101
- 2022State-of-the-art generalisation research in NLP: A taxonomy and reviewcited by 97
- 2022Preventing Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacycited by 97
- 2022AlexaTM 20B: Few-Shot Learning Using a Large-Scale Multilingual Seq2Seq Modelcited by 57
- 2023LongForm: Effective Instruction Tuning with Reverse Instructionscited by 47
38 more
- 2022IndicNLG Benchmark: Multilingual Datasets for Diverse NLG Tasks in Indic Languagescited by 42
- 2023SEAHORSE: A Multilingual, Multifaceted Dataset for Summarization Evaluationcited by 42
- 2022EUR-Lex-Sum: A Multi- and Cross-lingual Dataset for Long-form Summarization in the Legal Domaincited by 39
- 2022Models and Datasets for Cross-Lingual Summarisationcited by 36
- 2022GEMv2: Multilingual NLG Benchmarking in a Single Line of Codecited by 36
- 2023Overview of AuTexTification at IberLEF 2023: Detection and Attribution of Machine-Generated Text in Multiple Domainscited by 31
- 2022Findings of the The RuATD Shared Task 2022 on Artificial Text Detection in Russiancited by 29
- 2022Z-Code++: A Pre-trained Language Model Optimized for Abstractive Summarizationcited by 29
- 2023Benchmarking Large Language Model Capabilities for Conditional Generationcited by 29
- 2023Language and Task Arithmetic with Parameter-Efficient Layers for Zero-Shot Summarizationcited by 28
- 2023Revisiting non-English Text Simplification: A Unified Multilingual Benchmarkcited by 27
- 2024Reuse Your Rewards: Reward Model Transfer for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Alignmentcited by 26
- 2021On the Multilingual Capabilities of Very Large-Scale English Language Modelscited by 22
- 2024How Can We Effectively Expand the Vocabulary of LLMs with 0.01GB of Target Language Text?cited by 22
- 2024Multi-Task Contrastive Learning for 8192-Token Bilingual Text Embeddingscited by 20
- 2021Automatic Construction of Evaluation Suites for Natural Language Generation Datasetscited by 18
- 2024An Empirical Study on Cross-lingual Vocabulary Adaptation for Efficient Language Model Inferencecited by 18
- 2022A Variational Hierarchical Model for Neural Cross-Lingual Summarizationcited by 17
- 2023Incorporating Distributions of Discourse Structure for Long Document Abstractive Summarizationcited by 17
- 2023Towards Unifying Multi-Lingual and Cross-Lingual Summarizationcited by 15
- 2021Evaluating the Efficacy of Summarization Evaluation across Languagescited by 14
- 2022Summary-Oriented Vision Modeling for Multimodal Abstractive Summarizationcited by 14
- 2024METAL: Towards Multilingual Meta-Evaluationcited by 14
- 2023Multilingual Simplification of Medical Textscited by 13
- 2023MELA: Multilingual Evaluation of Linguistic Acceptabilitycited by 13
- 2024TURNA: A Turkish Encoder-Decoder Language Model for Enhanced Understanding and Generationcited by 13
- 2022X-SCITLDR: Cross-Lingual Extreme Summarization of Scholarly Documentscited by 12
- 2023Large Scale Multi-Lingual Multi-Modal Summarization Datasetcited by 12
- 2024AIR-Bench: Automated Heterogeneous Information Retrieval Benchmarkcited by 12
- 2023PMIndiaSum: Multilingual and Cross-lingual Headline Summarization for Languages in Indiacited by 11
- 2023mLongT5: A Multilingual and Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for Longer Sequencescited by 10
- 2023MILDSum: A Novel Benchmark Dataset for Multilingual Summarization of Indian Legal Case Judgmentscited by 10
- 2026F2LLM-v2: Inclusive, Performant, and Efficient Embeddings for a Multilingual Worldcited by 10
- 2021A Dataset and Baselines for Multilingual Reply Suggestioncited by 9
- 2022Mukayese: Turkish NLP Strikes Backcited by 9
- 2024XL-HeadTags: Leveraging Multimodal Retrieval Augmentation for the Multilingual Generation of News Headlines and Tagscited by 9
- 2024GlobeSumm: A Challenging Benchmark Towards Unifying Multi-lingual, Cross-lingual and Multi-document News Summarizationcited by 9
- 2025XCOMPS: A Multilingual Benchmark of Conceptual Minimal Pairscited by 9
50 most cited of 121 All 121 (JSON)
- 2026VoxSumm: A Multilingual Corpus of Long-Form Spoken News for Joint Summarization and Translation11 Aug 2026
- 2026FrenchNews-7: Benchmarking Cross-Publisher French News Editorial Desk Classification8 Jun 2026
- 2026Linguistics-Aware Non-Distortionary LLM Watermarking30 May 2026
- 2026ML-Embed: Inclusive and Efficient Embeddings for a Multilingual World14 May 2026
- 2026F2LLM-v2: Inclusive, Performant, and Efficient Embeddings for a Multilingual World19 Mar 2026
- 2026Using Multimodal and Language-Agnostic Sentence Embeddings for Abstractive Summarization9 Mar 2026
- 2025Comparing Approaches to Automatic Summarization in Less-Resourced Languages30 Dec 2025
- 2025PUCP-Metrix: An Open-source and Comprehensive Toolkit for Linguistic Analysis of Spanish Texts21 Nov 2025
- 2025Evaluating Modern Large Language Models on Low-Resource and Morphologically Rich Languages:A Cross-Lingual Benchmark Across Cantonese, Japanese, and Turkish5 Nov 2025
- 2025Seeing, Signing, and Saying: A Vision-Language Model-Assisted Pipeline for Sign Language Data Acquisition and Curation from Social Media29 Oct 2025
- 2025Document Intelligence in the Era of Large Language Models: A Survey15 Oct 2025
- 2025Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalities8 Oct 2025
38 more
- 2025Reward Models are Metrics in a Trench Coat3 Oct 2025
- 2025BOE-XSUM: Extreme Summarization in Clear Language of Spanish Legal Decrees and Notifications29 Sep 2025
- 2025Beyond Benchmarks: LLM Evaluation with an Anthropomorphic and Lifecycle-oriented Roadmap26 Aug 2025
- 2025Cetvel: A Unified Benchmark for Evaluating Language Understanding, Generation and Cultural Capacity of LLMs for Turkish22 Aug 2025
- 2025On The Role of Pretrained Language Models in General-Purpose Text Embeddings: A Survey28 Jul 2025
- 2025COSMMIC: Comment-Sensitive Multimodal Multilingual Indian Corpus for Summarization and Headline Generation18 Jun 2025
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMs26 May 2025
- 2025An Empirical Study of Many-to-Many Summarization with Large Language Models19 May 2025
- 2025A Generative-AI-Driven Claim Retrieval System Capable of Detecting and Retrieving Claims from Social Media Platforms in Multiple Languages29 Apr 2025
- 2025Evaluating the Evaluator: Summarization Metrics and LLM-Judges beyond English21 Mar 2025
- 2025Beyond One-Size-Fits-All Summarization: Customizing Summaries for Diverse Users10 Mar 2025
- 2025XCOMPS: A Multilingual Benchmark of Conceptual Minimal Pairs27 Feb 2025
- 2025MULTITAT: Benchmarking Multilingual Table-and-Text Question Answering24 Feb 2025
- 2024Graph-Convolutional Networks: Named Entity Recognition and Large Language Model Embedding in Document Clustering19 Dec 2024
- 2024AIR-Bench: Automated Heterogeneous Information Retrieval Benchmark17 Dec 2024
- 2024The State and Fate of Summarization Datasets: A Survey7 Nov 2024
- 2024MARS: Multilingual Aspect-centric Review Summarisation13 Oct 2024
- 2024Manual Verbalizer Enrichment for Few-Shot Text Classification8 Oct 2024
- 2024GlobeSumm: A Challenging Benchmark Towards Unifying Multi-lingual, Cross-lingual and Multi-document News Summarization5 Oct 2024
- 2024A Critical Look at Meta-evaluating Summarisation Evaluation Metrics29 Sep 2024
- 2024With Good MT There is No Need For End-to-End: A Case for Translate-then-Summarize Cross-lingual Summarization31 Aug 2024
- 2024Understanding Generative AI Content with Embedding Models19 Aug 2024
- 2024Zero-shot Factual Consistency Evaluation Across Domains7 Aug 2024
- 2024Leveraging Entailment Judgements in Cross-Lingual Summarisation1 Aug 2024
- 2024M2DS: Multilingual Dataset for Multi-document Summarisation17 Jul 2024
- 2024M2QA: Multi-domain Multilingual Question Answering1 Jul 2024
- 2024How Can We Effectively Expand the Vocabulary of LLMs with 0.01GB of Target Language Text?17 Jun 2024
- 2024XL-HeadTags: Leveraging Multimodal Retrieval Augmentation for the Multilingual Generation of News Headlines and Tags6 Jun 2024
- 2024MTEB-French: Resources for French Sentence Embedding Evaluation and Analysis30 May 2024
- 2024Russian-Language Multimodal Dataset for Automatic Summarization of Scientific Papers13 May 2024
- 2024Reuse Your Rewards: Reward Model Transfer for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Alignment18 Apr 2024
- 2024METAL: Towards Multilingual Meta-Evaluation2 Apr 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Process-Oriented Automatic Text Summarization with Exploration of LLM-Based Methods5 Mar 2024
- 2024VBART: The Turkish LLM2 Mar 2024
- 2024textttCOSMIC: Mutual Information for Task-Agnostic Summarization Evaluation29 Feb 2024
- 2024When Scaling Meets LLM Finetuning: The Effect of Data, Model and Finetuning Method27 Feb 2024
- 2024Multi-Task Contrastive Learning for 8192-Token Bilingual Text Embeddings26 Feb 2024
- 2024An Empirical Study on Cross-lingual Vocabulary Adaptation for Efficient Language Model Inference16 Feb 2024
50 newest of 121 All 121 (JSON)
- 2026Linguistics-Aware Non-Distortionary LLM Watermarkingcited by 0
- 2026Linguistics-Aware Non-Distortionary LLM Watermarking30 May 2026
- 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
- 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 837
- 2023A Comprehensive Overview of Large Language Modelscited by 639
- 2021XL-Sum: Large-Scale Multilingual Abstractive Summarization for 44 Languagescited by 346
- 2021The GEM Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and Metricscited by 239
- 2024When Scaling Meets LLM Finetuning: The Effect of Data, Model and Finetuning Methodcited by 201
- 2022Repairing the Cracked Foundation: A Survey of Obstacles in Evaluation Practices for Generated Textcited by 154
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Process-Oriented Automatic Text Summarization with Exploration of LLM-Based Methodscited by 101
- 2022State-of-the-art generalisation research in NLP: A taxonomy and reviewcited by 97
- 2022Preventing Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacycited by 97
- 2022AlexaTM 20B: Few-Shot Learning Using a Large-Scale Multilingual Seq2Seq Modelcited by 57
- 2023LongForm: Effective Instruction Tuning with Reverse Instructionscited by 47
12 most cited of 117 All 117 (JSON)
- 2026VoxSumm: A Multilingual Corpus of Long-Form Spoken News for Joint Summarization and Translation11 Aug 2026
- 2026FrenchNews-7: Benchmarking Cross-Publisher French News Editorial Desk Classification8 Jun 2026
- 2026ML-Embed: Inclusive and Efficient Embeddings for a Multilingual World14 May 2026
- 2026F2LLM-v2: Inclusive, Performant, and Efficient Embeddings for a Multilingual World19 Mar 2026
- 2026Using Multimodal and Language-Agnostic Sentence Embeddings for Abstractive Summarization9 Mar 2026
- 2025Comparing Approaches to Automatic Summarization in Less-Resourced Languages30 Dec 2025
- 2025PUCP-Metrix: An Open-source and Comprehensive Toolkit for Linguistic Analysis of Spanish Texts21 Nov 2025
- 2025Evaluating Modern Large Language Models on Low-Resource and Morphologically Rich Languages:A Cross-Lingual Benchmark Across Cantonese, Japanese, and Turkish5 Nov 2025
- 2025Document Intelligence in the Era of Large Language Models: A Survey15 Oct 2025
- 2025Beyond Monolingual Assumptions: A Survey of Code-Switched NLP in the Era of Large Language Models across Modalities8 Oct 2025
- 2025BOE-XSUM: Extreme Summarization in Clear Language of Spanish Legal Decrees and Notifications29 Sep 2025
- 2025Beyond Benchmarks: LLM Evaluation with an Anthropomorphic and Lifecycle-oriented Roadmap26 Aug 2025
12 newest of 117 All 117 (JSON)