mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MetNet: A Neural Weather Model for Precipitation Forecasting

arXiv 2003.12140 ↗First posted 24 Mar 2020cs.LG physics.ao-ph stat.MLcited by 128

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Abstract (arXiv)

Weather forecasting is a long standing scientific challenge with direct social and economic impact. The task is suitable for deep neural networks due to vast amounts of continuously collected data and a rich spatial and temporal structure that presents long range dependencies. We introduce MetNet, a neural network that forecasts precipitation up to 8 hours into the future at the high spatial resolution of 1 km2 and at the temporal resolution of 2 minutes with a latency in the order of seconds. MetNet takes as input radar and satellite data and forecast lead time and produces a probabilistic precipitation map. The architecture uses axial self-attention to aggregate the global context from a large input patch corresponding to a million square kilometers. We evaluate the performance of MetNet at various precipitation thresholds and find that MetNet outperforms Numerical Weather Prediction at forecasts of up to 7 to 8 hours on the scale of the continental United States.

Key facts. Cited by 128 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 26; 2023: 29; 2024: 20; 2025: 21; 2026: 18.

128 papers.

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  1. 2021VideoGPT: Video Generation using VQ-VAE and Transformerscited by 651
  2. 2021Revisiting the Calibration of Modern Neural Networkscited by 387
  3. 2023ClimaX: A foundation model for weather and climatecited by 325
  4. 2021Skillful Precipitation Nowcasting using Deep Generative Models of Radarcited by 308
  5. 2022GraphCast: Learning skillful medium-range global weather forecastingcited by 261
  6. 2023PDE-Refiner: Achieving Accurate Long Rollouts with Neural PDE Solverscited by 205
  7. 2022Towards Multi-spatiotemporal-scale Generalized PDE Modelingcited by 190
  8. 2022Forecasting Global Weather with Graph Neural Networkscited by 165
  9. 2022Pangu-Weather: A 3D High-Resolution Model for Fast and Accurate Global Weather Forecastcited by 164
  10. 2023Scaling transformer neural networks for skillful and reliable medium-range weather forecastingcited by 106
  11. 2023PreDiff: Precipitation Nowcasting with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 96
  12. 2022Clifford Neural Layers for PDE Modelingcited by 91
38 more
  1. 2021Generative Models as Distributions of Functionscited by 89
  2. 2023Deep Learning for Day Forecasts from Sparse Observationscited by 70
  3. 2022A Generative Deep Learning Approach to Stochastic Downscaling of Precipitation Forecastscited by 64
  4. 2022LMPriors: Pre-Trained Language Models as Task-Specific Priorscited by 56
  5. 2023ClimateLearn: Benchmarking Machine Learning for Weather and Climate Modelingcited by 46
  6. 2022SimPer: Simple Self-Supervised Learning of Periodic Targetscited by 44
  7. 2023CFDBench: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Machine Learning Methods in Fluid Dynamicscited by 40
  8. 2024ChaosBench: A Multi-Channel, Physics-Based Benchmark for Subseasonal-to-Seasonal Climate Predictioncited by 40
  9. 2022Increasing the accuracy and resolution of precipitation forecasts using deep generative modelscited by 35
  10. 2023AtmoRep: A stochastic model of atmosphere dynamics using large scale representation learningcited by 35
  11. 2023SwinRDM: Integrate SwinRNN with Diffusion Model towards High-Resolution and High-Quality Weather Forecastingcited by 32
  12. 2023Foundation Models for Weather and Climate Data Understanding: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 32
  13. 2024Kilometer-Scale Convection Allowing Model Emulation using Generative Diffusion Modelingcited by 32
  14. 2024On the Foundations of Earth and Climate Foundation Modelscited by 31
  15. 2021Conditional Local Convolution for Spatio-temporal Meteorological Forecastingcited by 30
  16. 2021Variational Data Assimilation with a Learned Inverse Observation Operatorcited by 28
  17. 2023Precipitation nowcasting with generative diffusion modelscited by 22
  18. 2021Skillful Twelve Hour Precipitation Forecasts using Large Context Neural Networkscited by 20
  19. 2023AI Foundation Models for Weather and Climate: Applications, Design, and Implementationcited by 19
  20. 2023Weather2K: A Multivariate Spatio-Temporal Benchmark Dataset for Meteorological Forecasting Based on Real-Time Observation Data from Ground Weather Stationscited by 18
  21. 2023Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Solar Forecastscited by 17
  22. 2024FAdam: Adam is a natural gradient optimizer using diagonal empirical Fisher informationcited by 17
  23. 2022WeatherBench Probability: A benchmark dataset for probabilistic medium-range weather forecasting along with deep learning baseline modelscited by 16
  24. 2022Traffic4cast at NeurIPS 2021 -- Temporal and Spatial Few-Shot Transfer Learning in Gridded Geo-Spatial Processescited by 15
  25. 2022Neural Network Approximations of PDEs Beyond Linearity: A Representational Perspectivecited by 15
  26. 2025Deep Learning and Foundation Models for Weather Prediction: A Surveycited by 15
  27. 2021ECLIPSE : Envisioning CLoud Induced Perturbations in Solar Energycited by 14
  28. 2022Spatial Mixture-of-Expertscited by 14
  29. 2024Deep learning for precipitation nowcasting: A survey from the perspective of time series forecastingcited by 14
  30. 2022Global Extreme Heat Forecasting Using Neural Weather Modelscited by 13
  31. 2022ENS-10: A Dataset For Post-Processing Ensemble Weather Forecastscited by 13
  32. 2023Improving day-ahead Solar Irradiance Time Series Forecasting by Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Contextcited by 13
  33. 2021MS-nowcasting: Operational Precipitation Nowcasting with Convolutional LSTMs at Microsoft Weathercited by 12
  34. 2023TempEE: Temporal-Spatial Parallel Transformer for Radar Echo Extrapolation Beyond Auto-Regressioncited by 12
  35. 2022Effective Training Strategies for Deep-learning-based Precipitation Nowcasting and Estimationcited by 10
  36. 2024Neural SPH: Improved Neural Modeling of Lagrangian Fluid Dynamicscited by 10
  37. 2021S3RP: Self-Supervised Super-Resolution and Prediction for Advection-Diffusion Processcited by 9
  38. 2023Rapid Flood Inundation Forecast Using Fourier Neural Operatorcited by 9

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