Rotate-and-Render: Unsupervised Photorealistic Face Rotation from Single-View Images
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Abstract (arXiv)
Though face rotation has achieved rapid progress in recent years, the lack of high-quality paired training data remains a great hurdle for existing methods. The current generative models heavily rely on datasets with multi-view images of the same person. Thus, their generated results are restricted by the scale and domain of the data source. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel unsupervised framework that can synthesize photo-realistic rotated faces using only single-view image collections in the wild. Our key insight is that rotating faces in the 3D space back and forth, and re-rendering them to the 2D plane can serve as a strong self-supervision. We leverage the recent advances in 3D face modeling and high-resolution GAN to constitute our building blocks. Since the 3D rotation-and-render on faces can be applied to arbitrary angles without losing details, our approach is extremely suitable for in-the-wild scenarios (i.e. no paired data are available), where existing methods fall short. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach has superior synthesis quality as well as identity preservation over the state-of-the-art methods, across a wide range of poses and domains. Furthermore, we validate that our rotate-and-render framework naturally can act as an effective data augmentation engine for boosting modern face recognition systems even on strong baseline models.
Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 11; 2022: 13; 2023: 8; 2024: 4; 2025: 1.
37 papers.
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- 2021Pose-Controllable Talking Face Generation by Implicitly Modularized Audio-Visual Representationcited by 288
- 2021Audio-Driven Emotional Video Portraitscited by 180
- 2021MoFaNeRF: Morphable Facial Neural Radiance Fieldcited by 94
- 2022Learning in Audio-visual Context: A Review, Analysis, and New Perspectivecited by 44
- 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Surveycited by 28
- 2022Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Space for Neural Face Reenactmentcited by 27
- 2021View Generalization for Single Image Textured 3D Modelscited by 19
- 2021LARNet: Lie Algebra Residual Network for Face Recognitioncited by 14
- 2021High-fidelity Face Tracking for AR/VR via Deep Lighting Adaptationcited by 13
- 2022Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimationcited by 13
- 2024Diffusion Models are Geometry Critics: Single Image 3D Editing Using Pre-Trained Diffusion Priorscited by 12
- 2022Injecting 3D Perception of Controllable NeRF-GAN into StyleGAN for Editable Portrait Image Synthesiscited by 11
25 more
- 2022GAN2X: Non-Lambertian Inverse Rendering of Image GANscited by 8
- 2023POCE: Pose-Controllable Expression Editingcited by 8
- 2021PoseFace: Pose-Invariant Features and Pose-Adaptive Loss for Face Recognitioncited by 7
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensicscited by 7
- 2021FreeStyleGAN: Free-view Editable Portrait Rendering with the Camera Manifoldcited by 6
- 2022Efficient Virtual View Selection for 3D Hand Pose Estimationcited by 6
- 2024One-shot Neural Face Reenactment via Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Spacecited by 6
- 2022Expression-preserving face frontalization improves visually assisted speech processingcited by 4
- 20233D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Surveycited by 4
- 2025Exploiting Multiple Representations: 3D Face Biometrics Fusion with Application to Surveillancecited by 4
- 2021Weakly-Supervised Photo-realistic Texture Generation for 3D Face Reconstructioncited by 3
- 2022The impact of removing head movements on audio-visual speech enhancementcited by 3
- 2022One-Shot Face Reenactment on Megapixelscited by 3
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglementcited by 3
- 2024Exploring 3D Face Reconstruction and Fusion Methods for Face Verification: A Case-Study in Video Surveillancecited by 3
- 2022Generate and Edit Your Own Character in a Canonical Viewcited by 2
- 2021Geometrically Adaptive Dictionary Attack on Face Recognitioncited by 1
- 2021Learning to Deblur and Rotate Motion-Blurred Facescited by 1
- 2022Data standardization for robust lip synccited by 0
- 2022Controllable Face Manipulation and UV Map Generation by Self-supervised Learningcited by 0
- 20233D Face Arbitrary Style Transfercited by 0
- 2023Illumination and Shadows in Head Rotation: experiments with Denoising Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2023Angle Range and Identity Similarity Enhanced Gaze and Head Redirection based on Synthetic datacited by 0
- 2023Face Cartoonisation For Various Poses Using StyleGANcited by 0
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesiscited by 0
- 2025Exploiting Multiple Representations: 3D Face Biometrics Fusion with Application to Surveillance26 Apr 2025
- 2024Exploring 3D Face Reconstruction and Fusion Methods for Face Verification: A Case-Study in Video Surveillance16 Sep 2024
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesis15 Apr 2024
- 2024Diffusion Models are Geometry Critics: Single Image 3D Editing Using Pre-Trained Diffusion Priors18 Mar 2024
- 2024One-shot Neural Face Reenactment via Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Space5 Feb 2024
- 2023Face Cartoonisation For Various Poses Using StyleGAN26 Sep 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensics20 Sep 2023
- 2023Angle Range and Identity Similarity Enhanced Gaze and Head Redirection based on Synthetic data11 Sep 2023
- 2023Illumination and Shadows in Head Rotation: experiments with Denoising Diffusion Models11 Aug 2023
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglement25 May 2023
- 2023POCE: Pose-Controllable Expression Editing18 Apr 2023
- 20233D Face Arbitrary Style Transfer14 Mar 2023
25 more
- 20233D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Survey3 Feb 2023
- 2022Controllable Face Manipulation and UV Map Generation by Self-supervised Learning24 Sep 2022
- 2022Learning in Audio-visual Context: A Review, Analysis, and New Perspective20 Aug 2022
- 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Survey19 Aug 2022
- 2022Injecting 3D Perception of Controllable NeRF-GAN into StyleGAN for Editable Portrait Image Synthesis21 Jul 2022
- 2022GAN2X: Non-Lambertian Inverse Rendering of Image GANs18 Jun 2022
- 2022One-Shot Face Reenactment on Megapixels26 May 2022
- 2022Generate and Edit Your Own Character in a Canonical View6 May 2022
- 2022Expression-preserving face frontalization improves visually assisted speech processing6 Apr 2022
- 2022Efficient Virtual View Selection for 3D Hand Pose Estimation29 Mar 2022
- 2022Data standardization for robust lip sync13 Feb 2022
- 2022The impact of removing head movements on audio-visual speech enhancement1 Feb 2022
- 2022Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Space for Neural Face Reenactment31 Jan 2022
- 2022Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimation20 Jan 2022
- 2021Learning to Deblur and Rotate Motion-Blurred Faces14 Dec 2021
- 2021MoFaNeRF: Morphable Facial Neural Radiance Field4 Dec 2021
- 2021Geometrically Adaptive Dictionary Attack on Face Recognition8 Nov 2021
- 2021FreeStyleGAN: Free-view Editable Portrait Rendering with the Camera Manifold20 Sep 2021
- 2021PoseFace: Pose-Invariant Features and Pose-Adaptive Loss for Face Recognition25 Jul 2021
- 2021Weakly-Supervised Photo-realistic Texture Generation for 3D Face Reconstruction14 Jun 2021
- 2021View Generalization for Single Image Textured 3D Models10 Jun 2021
- 2021Pose-Controllable Talking Face Generation by Implicitly Modularized Audio-Visual Representation22 Apr 2021
- 2021Audio-Driven Emotional Video Portraits15 Apr 2021
- 2021High-fidelity Face Tracking for AR/VR via Deep Lighting Adaptation29 Mar 2021
- 2021LARNet: Lie Algebra Residual Network for Face Recognition15 Mar 2021
- 2021Pose-Controllable Talking Face Generation by Implicitly Modularized Audio-Visual Representationcited by 288
- 2021Audio-Driven Emotional Video Portraitscited by 180
- 2021MoFaNeRF: Morphable Facial Neural Radiance Fieldcited by 94
- 2022Learning in Audio-visual Context: A Review, Analysis, and New Perspectivecited by 44
- 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Surveycited by 28
- 2022Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Space for Neural Face Reenactmentcited by 27
- 2021View Generalization for Single Image Textured 3D Modelscited by 19
- 2021LARNet: Lie Algebra Residual Network for Face Recognitioncited by 14
- 2021High-fidelity Face Tracking for AR/VR via Deep Lighting Adaptationcited by 13
- 2022Learning-by-Novel-View-Synthesis for Full-Face Appearance-Based 3D Gaze Estimationcited by 13
- 2022Injecting 3D Perception of Controllable NeRF-GAN into StyleGAN for Editable Portrait Image Synthesiscited by 11
- 2022GAN2X: Non-Lambertian Inverse Rendering of Image GANscited by 8
12 most cited of 35 All 35 (JSON)
- 2025Exploiting Multiple Representations: 3D Face Biometrics Fusion with Application to Surveillance26 Apr 2025
- 2024Exploring 3D Face Reconstruction and Fusion Methods for Face Verification: A Case-Study in Video Surveillance16 Sep 2024
- 2024eMotion-GAN: A Motion-based GAN for Photorealistic and Facial Expression Preserving Frontal View Synthesis15 Apr 2024
- 2024One-shot Neural Face Reenactment via Finding Directions in GAN's Latent Space5 Feb 2024
- 2023Face Cartoonisation For Various Poses Using StyleGAN26 Sep 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction: the Road to Forensics20 Sep 2023
- 2023Angle Range and Identity Similarity Enhanced Gaze and Head Redirection based on Synthetic data11 Sep 2023
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglement25 May 2023
- 2023POCE: Pose-Controllable Expression Editing18 Apr 2023
- 20233D Face Arbitrary Style Transfer14 Mar 2023
- 20233D Face Reconstruction for Forensic Recognition -- A Survey3 Feb 2023
- 2022Controllable Face Manipulation and UV Map Generation by Self-supervised Learning24 Sep 2022
12 newest of 35 All 35 (JSON)