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An Annotated Dataset of Coreference in English Literature

arXiv 1912.01140 ↗First posted 3 Dec 2019cs.CLcited by 57

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present in this work a new dataset of coreference annotations for works of literature in English, covering 29,103 mentions in 210,532 tokens from 100 works of fiction. This dataset differs from previous coreference datasets in containing documents whose average length (2,105.3 words) is four times longer than other benchmark datasets (463.7 for OntoNotes), and contains examples of difficult coreference problems common in literature. This dataset allows for an evaluation of cross-domain performance for the task of coreference resolution, and analysis into the characteristics of long-distance within-document coreference.

Key facts. Cited by 57 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 12; 2023: 11; 2024: 11; 2025: 11; 2026: 7.

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  1. 2023Entity Tracking in Language Modelscited by 44
  2. 2021On Generalization in Coreference Resolutioncited by 24
  3. 2021Emotion Dynamics in Movie Dialoguescited by 19
  4. 2024Maverick: Efficient and Accurate Coreference Resolution Defying Recent Trendscited by 19
  5. 2021Moving on from OntoNotes: Coreference Resolution Model Transfercited by 18
  6. 2024Large Language Models Fall Short: Understanding Complex Relationships in Detective Narrativescited by 14
  7. 2022The Project Dialogism Novel Corpus: A Dataset for Quotation Attribution in Literary Textscited by 13
  8. 2021Adapting Coreference Resolution Models through Active Learningcited by 11
  9. 2022A Survey of Machine Narrative Reading Comprehension Assessmentscited by 10
  10. 2023Seq2seq is All You Need for Coreference Resolutioncited by 10
  11. 2024Findings of the Third Shared Task on Multilingual Coreference Resolutioncited by 10
  12. 2023Grounding Characters and Places in Narrative Textscited by 9
38 more
  1. 2023Improving Automatic Quotation Attribution in Literary Novelscited by 9
  2. 2024Major Entity Identification: A Generalizable Alternative to Coreference Resolutioncited by 9
  3. 2024[Lions: 1] and [Tigers: 2] and [Bears: 3], Oh My! Literary Coreference Annotation with LLMscited by 8
  4. 2023Neural Natural Language Processing for Long Texts: A Survey on Classification and Summarizationcited by 7
  5. 2022Mention Annotations Alone Enable Efficient Domain Adaptation for Coreference Resolutioncited by 6
  6. 2023Challenges to Evaluating the Generalization of Coreference Resolution Models: A Measurement Modeling Perspectivecited by 6
  7. 2025LiteraryQA: Towards Effective Evaluation of Long-document Narrative QAcited by 6
  8. 2025Findings of the Fourth Shared Task on Multilingual Coreference Resolution: Can LLMs Dethrone Traditional Approaches?cited by 5
  9. 2022What is Wrong with Language Models that Can Not Tell a Story?cited by 4
  10. 2024IdentifyMe: A Challenging Long-Context Mention Resolution Benchmark for LLMscited by 4
  11. 2025The Elephant in the Coreference Room: Resolving Coreference in Full-Length French Fiction Workscited by 4
  12. 2022A Structured Span Selectorcited by 3
  13. 2022Event Extraction: A Surveycited by 3
  14. 2022Aggregating Crowdsourced and Automatic Judgments to Scale Up a Corpus of Anaphoric Reference for Fiction and Wikipedia Textscited by 3
  15. 2024Improving Quotation Attribution with Fictional Character Embeddingscited by 3
  16. 2024Evaluating Computational Representations of Character: An Austen Character Similarity Benchmarkcited by 3
  17. 2025BOOKCOREF: Coreference Resolution at Book Scalecited by 3
  18. 2021Evaluating the Impact of a Hierarchical Discourse Representation on Entity Coreference Resolution Performancecited by 2
  19. 2022Multilingual Coreference Resolution in Multiparty Dialoguecited by 2
  20. 2022ezCoref: Towards Unifying Annotation Guidelines for Coreference Resolutioncited by 2
  21. 2024Multilingual Coreference Resolution in Low-resource South Asian Languagescited by 2
  22. 2022One Graph to Rule them All: Using NLP and Graph Neural Networks to analyse Tolkien's Legendariumcited by 1
  23. 2023BenCoref: A Multi-Domain Dataset of Nominal Phrases and Pronominal Reference Annotationscited by 1
  24. 2023Advancing Perception in Artificial Intelligence through Principles of Cognitive Sciencecited by 1
  25. 2023How to Evaluate Coreference in Literary Texts?cited by 1
  26. 2024KoCoNovel: Annotated Dataset of Character Coreference in Korean Novelscited by 1
  27. 2025Multimodal Coreference Resolution for Chinese Social Media Dialogues: Dataset and Benchmark Approachcited by 1
  28. 2025FicSim: A Dataset for Multi-Faceted Semantic Similarity in Long-Form Fictioncited by 1
  29. 2025Modeling the Construction of a Literary Archetype: The Case of the Detective Figure in French Literaturecited by 1
  30. 2026Computational Representations of Character Significance in Novelscited by 1
  31. 2026Findings of the Fifth Shared Task on Multilingual Coreference Resolution: Expanding Datasets for Long-Range Entitiescited by 1
  32. 2022Computational Storytelling and Emotions: A Surveycited by 0
  33. 2022Review of coreference resolution in English and Persiancited by 0
  34. 2023DLUE: Benchmarking Document Language Understandingcited by 0
  35. 2023Aligning the Norwegian UD Treebank with Entity and Coreference Informationcited by 0
  36. 2024ThaiCoref: Thai Coreference Resolution Datasetcited by 0
  37. 2025EvolvTrip: Enhancing Literary Character Understanding with Temporal Theory-of-Mind Graphscited by 0
  38. 2025Mah=an=ama: A Unique Testbed for Literary Entity Discovery and Linkingcited by 0

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