Inverse Cooking: Recipe Generation from Food Images
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Abstract (arXiv)
People enjoy food photography because they appreciate food. Behind each meal there is a story described in a complex recipe and, unfortunately, by simply looking at a food image we do not have access to its preparation process. Therefore, in this paper we introduce an inverse cooking system that recreates cooking recipes given food images. Our system predicts ingredients as sets by means of a novel architecture, modeling their dependencies without imposing any order, and then generates cooking instructions by attending to both image and its inferred ingredients simultaneously. We extensively evaluate the whole system on the large-scale Recipe1M dataset and show that (1) we improve performance w.r.t. previous baselines for ingredient prediction; (2) we are able to obtain high quality recipes by leveraging both image and ingredients; (3) our system is able to produce more compelling recipes than retrieval-based approaches according to human judgment. We make code and models publicly available.
Key facts. Cited by 47 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Dec 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 12; 2023: 6; 2024: 8; 2025: 9; 2026: 3.
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- 2021Large Scale Visual Food Recognitioncited by 75
- 2021A Large-Scale Benchmark for Food Image Segmentationcited by 45
- 2023FoodLMM: A Versatile Food Assistant using Large Multi-modal Modelcited by 32
- 2021Explain Me the Painting: Multi-Topic Knowledgeable Art Description Generationcited by 30
- 2021Revamping Cross-Modal Recipe Retrieval with Hierarchical Transformers and Self-supervised Learningcited by 28
- 2022Visual Clues: Bridging Vision and Language Foundations for Image Paragraph Captioningcited by 21
- 2023FIRE: Food Image to REcipe generationcited by 18
- 2021Learning Structural Representations for Recipe Generation and Food Retrievalcited by 17
- 2022Learning Program Representations for Food Images and Cooking Recipescited by 16
- 2021SHARE: a System for Hierarchical Assistive Recipe Editingcited by 15
- 2024LLaVA-Chef: A Multi-modal Generative Model for Food Recipescited by 14
- 2024RoDE: Linear Rectified Mixture of Diverse Experts for Food Large Multi-Modal Modelscited by 11
35 more
- 2024ChefFusion: Multimodal Foundation Model Integrating Recipe and Food Image Generationcited by 11
- 2021Transferring Knowledge from Text to Video: Zero-Shot Anticipation for Procedural Actionscited by 10
- 2023Dietary Assessment with Multimodal ChatGPT: A Systematic Analysiscited by 10
- 2024FoodSky: A Food-oriented Large Language Model that Passes the Chef and Dietetic Examinationcited by 10
- 2023Learning to Substitute Ingredients in Recipescited by 8
- 2021A Comprehensive Survey of Image-Based Food Recognition and Volume Estimation Methods for Dietary Assessmentcited by 7
- 2022Plug-and-Play Recipe Generation with Content Planningcited by 5
- 2022Ratatouille: A tool for Novel Recipe Generationcited by 4
- 2022RecipeMind: Guiding Ingredient Choices from Food Pairing to Recipe Completion using Cascaded Set Transformercited by 4
- 2023Non-Sequential Graph Script Induction via Multimedia Groundingcited by 4
- 2025CookingDiffusion: Cooking Procedural Image Generation with Stable Diffusioncited by 4
- 2024Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generationcited by 3
- 2026Enhancing Action and Ingredient Modeling for Semantically Grounded Recipe Generationcited by 3
- 2022Food Recipe Recommendation Based on Ingredients Detection Using Deep Learningcited by 2
- 2022Assistive Recipe Editing through Critiquingcited by 2
- 2022Recipe Generation from Unsegmented Cooking Videoscited by 2
- 2022Human in the loop approaches in multi-modal conversational task guidance system developmentcited by 2
- 2024Coherent Zero-Shot Visual Instruction Generationcited by 2
- 2024FoodMLLM-JP: Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models for Japanese Recipe Generationcited by 2
- 2022A Mobile Food Recognition System for Dietary Assessmentcited by 1
- 2022Towards Fine-Dining Recipe Generation with Generative Pre-trained Transformerscited by 1
- 2023MALM: Mask Augmentation based Local Matching for Food-Recipe Retrievalcited by 1
- 2025Stitch-a-Demo: Video Demonstrations from Multistep Descriptionscited by 1
- 2025World Food Atlas Projectcited by 1
- 2025Mitigating Cross-modal Representation Bias for Multicultural Image-to-Recipe Retrievalcited by 1
- 2021Calorie Aware Automatic Meal Kit Generation from an Imagecited by 0
- 2022RecipeSnap -- a lightweight image-to-recipe modelcited by 0
- 2024Deep Image-to-Recipe Translationcited by 0
- 2025The Digital Sous Chef -- A Comparative Study on Fine-Tuning Language Models for Recipe Generationcited by 0
- 2025Evaluating Spatiotemporal Consistency in Automatically Generated Sewing Instructionscited by 0
- 2025Building a Macedonian Recipe Dataset: Collection, Parsing, and Comparative Analysiscited by 0
- 2025Thought-For-Food: Reasoning Chain Induced Food Visual Question Answeringcited by 0
- 2025Towards Unbiased Cross-Modal Representation Learning for Food Image-to-Recipe Retrievalcited by 0
- 2026V-Nutri: Dish-Level Nutrition Estimation from Egocentric Cooking Videoscited by 0
- 2026ReGraph: Learning to Generate Recipe Graphs from Food Imagescited by 0
- 2026ReGraph: Learning to Generate Recipe Graphs from Food Images7 Aug 2026
- 2026V-Nutri: Dish-Level Nutrition Estimation from Egocentric Cooking Videos13 Apr 2026
- 2026Enhancing Action and Ingredient Modeling for Semantically Grounded Recipe Generation26 Jan 2026
- 2025Towards Unbiased Cross-Modal Representation Learning for Food Image-to-Recipe Retrieval19 Nov 2025
- 2025Thought-For-Food: Reasoning Chain Induced Food Visual Question Answering3 Nov 2025
- 2025Mitigating Cross-modal Representation Bias for Multicultural Image-to-Recipe Retrieval23 Oct 2025
- 2025Building a Macedonian Recipe Dataset: Collection, Parsing, and Comparative Analysis15 Oct 2025
- 2025Evaluating Spatiotemporal Consistency in Automatically Generated Sewing Instructions29 Sep 2025
- 2025The Digital Sous Chef -- A Comparative Study on Fine-Tuning Language Models for Recipe Generation20 Aug 2025
- 2025World Food Atlas Project25 Apr 2025
- 2025Stitch-a-Demo: Video Demonstrations from Multistep Descriptions18 Mar 2025
- 2025CookingDiffusion: Cooking Procedural Image Generation with Stable Diffusion15 Jan 2025
35 more
- 2024Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generation13 Nov 2024
- 2024FoodMLLM-JP: Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models for Japanese Recipe Generation27 Sep 2024
- 2024ChefFusion: Multimodal Foundation Model Integrating Recipe and Food Image Generation18 Sep 2024
- 2024LLaVA-Chef: A Multi-modal Generative Model for Food Recipes29 Aug 2024
- 2024RoDE: Linear Rectified Mixture of Diverse Experts for Food Large Multi-Modal Models17 Jul 2024
- 2024Deep Image-to-Recipe Translation1 Jul 2024
- 2024FoodSky: A Food-oriented Large Language Model that Passes the Chef and Dietetic Examination11 Jun 2024
- 2024Coherent Zero-Shot Visual Instruction Generation6 Jun 2024
- 2023FoodLMM: A Versatile Food Assistant using Large Multi-modal Model22 Dec 2023
- 2023Dietary Assessment with Multimodal ChatGPT: A Systematic Analysis14 Dec 2023
- 2023FIRE: Food Image to REcipe generation28 Aug 2023
- 2023Non-Sequential Graph Script Induction via Multimedia Grounding27 May 2023
- 2023MALM: Mask Augmentation based Local Matching for Food-Recipe Retrieval18 May 2023
- 2023Learning to Substitute Ingredients in Recipes15 Feb 2023
- 2022Plug-and-Play Recipe Generation with Content Planning9 Dec 2022
- 2022Human in the loop approaches in multi-modal conversational task guidance system development3 Nov 2022
- 2022RecipeMind: Guiding Ingredient Choices from Food Pairing to Recipe Completion using Cascaded Set Transformer14 Oct 2022
- 2022Towards Fine-Dining Recipe Generation with Generative Pre-trained Transformers26 Sep 2022
- 2022Recipe Generation from Unsegmented Cooking Videos21 Sep 2022
- 2022Visual Clues: Bridging Vision and Language Foundations for Image Paragraph Captioning3 Jun 2022
- 2022Ratatouille: A tool for Novel Recipe Generation10 May 2022
- 2022Assistive Recipe Editing through Critiquing5 May 2022
- 2022RecipeSnap -- a lightweight image-to-recipe model4 May 2022
- 2022A Mobile Food Recognition System for Dietary Assessment20 Apr 2022
- 2022Learning Program Representations for Food Images and Cooking Recipes30 Mar 2022
- 2022Food Recipe Recommendation Based on Ingredients Detection Using Deep Learning13 Mar 2022
- 2021Calorie Aware Automatic Meal Kit Generation from an Image18 Dec 2021
- 2021Learning Structural Representations for Recipe Generation and Food Retrieval4 Oct 2021
- 2021Explain Me the Painting: Multi-Topic Knowledgeable Art Description Generation13 Sep 2021
- 2021A Comprehensive Survey of Image-Based Food Recognition and Volume Estimation Methods for Dietary Assessment21 Jun 2021
- 2021Transferring Knowledge from Text to Video: Zero-Shot Anticipation for Procedural Actions6 Jun 2021
- 2021SHARE: a System for Hierarchical Assistive Recipe Editing17 May 2021
- 2021A Large-Scale Benchmark for Food Image Segmentation12 May 2021
- 2021Large Scale Visual Food Recognition30 Mar 2021
- 2021Revamping Cross-Modal Recipe Retrieval with Hierarchical Transformers and Self-supervised Learning24 Mar 2021
- 2023FoodLMM: A Versatile Food Assistant using Large Multi-modal Modelcited by 32
- 2024RoDE: Linear Rectified Mixture of Diverse Experts for Food Large Multi-Modal Modelscited by 11
- 2024Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generationcited by 3
- 2026Enhancing Action and Ingredient Modeling for Semantically Grounded Recipe Generationcited by 3
- 2024FoodMLLM-JP: Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models for Japanese Recipe Generationcited by 2
- 2026ReGraph: Learning to Generate Recipe Graphs from Food Imagescited by 0
- 2026ReGraph: Learning to Generate Recipe Graphs from Food Images7 Aug 2026
- 2026Enhancing Action and Ingredient Modeling for Semantically Grounded Recipe Generation26 Jan 2026
- 2024Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generation13 Nov 2024
- 2024FoodMLLM-JP: Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models for Japanese Recipe Generation27 Sep 2024
- 2024RoDE: Linear Rectified Mixture of Diverse Experts for Food Large Multi-Modal Models17 Jul 2024
- 2023FoodLMM: A Versatile Food Assistant using Large Multi-modal Model22 Dec 2023
- 2021Large Scale Visual Food Recognitioncited by 75
- 2021A Large-Scale Benchmark for Food Image Segmentationcited by 45
- 2021Explain Me the Painting: Multi-Topic Knowledgeable Art Description Generationcited by 30
- 2021Revamping Cross-Modal Recipe Retrieval with Hierarchical Transformers and Self-supervised Learningcited by 28
- 2022Visual Clues: Bridging Vision and Language Foundations for Image Paragraph Captioningcited by 21
- 2023FIRE: Food Image to REcipe generationcited by 18
- 2021Learning Structural Representations for Recipe Generation and Food Retrievalcited by 17
- 2022Learning Program Representations for Food Images and Cooking Recipescited by 16
- 2021SHARE: a System for Hierarchical Assistive Recipe Editingcited by 15
- 2024LLaVA-Chef: A Multi-modal Generative Model for Food Recipescited by 14
- 2024ChefFusion: Multimodal Foundation Model Integrating Recipe and Food Image Generationcited by 11
- 2021Transferring Knowledge from Text to Video: Zero-Shot Anticipation for Procedural Actionscited by 10
12 most cited of 38 All 38 (JSON)
- 2026V-Nutri: Dish-Level Nutrition Estimation from Egocentric Cooking Videos13 Apr 2026
- 2025Towards Unbiased Cross-Modal Representation Learning for Food Image-to-Recipe Retrieval19 Nov 2025
- 2025Mitigating Cross-modal Representation Bias for Multicultural Image-to-Recipe Retrieval23 Oct 2025
- 2025Building a Macedonian Recipe Dataset: Collection, Parsing, and Comparative Analysis15 Oct 2025
- 2025Evaluating Spatiotemporal Consistency in Automatically Generated Sewing Instructions29 Sep 2025
- 2025The Digital Sous Chef -- A Comparative Study on Fine-Tuning Language Models for Recipe Generation20 Aug 2025
- 2025World Food Atlas Project25 Apr 2025
- 2025Stitch-a-Demo: Video Demonstrations from Multistep Descriptions18 Mar 2025
- 2024ChefFusion: Multimodal Foundation Model Integrating Recipe and Food Image Generation18 Sep 2024
- 2024LLaVA-Chef: A Multi-modal Generative Model for Food Recipes29 Aug 2024
- 2024Deep Image-to-Recipe Translation1 Jul 2024
- 2024FoodSky: A Food-oriented Large Language Model that Passes the Chef and Dietetic Examination11 Jun 2024
12 newest of 38 All 38 (JSON)