Practical Contextual Bandits with Regression Oracles
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Abstract (arXiv)
A major challenge in contextual bandits is to design general-purpose algorithms that are both practically useful and theoretically well-founded. We present a new technique that has the empirical and computational advantages of realizability-based approaches combined with the flexibility of agnostic methods. Our algorithms leverage the availability of a regression oracle for the value-function class, a more realistic and reasonable oracle than the classification oracles over policies typically assumed by agnostic methods. Our approach generalizes both UCB and LinUCB to far more expressive possible model classes and achieves low regret under certain distributional assumptions. In an extensive empirical evaluation, compared to both realizability-based and agnostic baselines, we find that our approach typically gives comparable or superior results.
Key facts. Cited by 92 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Mar 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 16; 2022: 14; 2023: 18; 2024: 17; 2025: 11; 2026: 16.
92 papers.
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- 2021Adapting to Misspecification in Contextual Banditscited by 81
- 2021Offline Reinforcement Learning: Fundamental Barriers for Value Function Approximationcited by 69
- 2021Efficient First-Order Contextual Bandits: Prediction, Allocation, and Triangular Discriminationcited by 53
- 2023Oracle Efficient Online Multicalibration and Omnipredictioncited by 36
- 2021Provable Model-based Nonlinear Bandit and Reinforcement Learning: Shelve Optimism, Embrace Virtual Curvaturecited by 32
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Large Action Spaces: Made Practicalcited by 32
- 2023Multicalibration as Boosting for Regressioncited by 32
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Packing and Covering Constraints: A Modular Lagrangian Approach via Regressioncited by 30
- 2023Improved Regret Bounds of (Multinomial) Logistic Bandits via Regret-to-Confidence-Set Conversioncited by 24
- 2024More Benefits of Being Distributional: Second-Order Bounds for Reinforcement Learningcited by 23
- 2021Adapting to Misspecification in Contextual Bandits with Offline Regression Oraclescited by 21
- 2022Efficient Active Learning with Abstentioncited by 21
38 more
- 2021Design of Experiments for Stochastic Contextual Linear Banditscited by 18
- 2023Bypassing the Simulator: Near-Optimal Adversarial Linear Contextual Banditscited by 18
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Smooth Regret: Efficient Learning in Continuous Action Spacescited by 17
- 2022Instance-optimal PAC Algorithms for Contextual Banditscited by 16
- 2024Efficient Sequential Decision Making with Large Language Modelscited by 16
- 2021On component interactions in two-stage recommender systemscited by 14
- 2023Oracle-Efficient Pessimism: Offline Policy Optimization in Contextual Banditscited by 14
- 2021Provably Correct Optimization and Exploration with Non-linear Policiescited by 13
- 2022Active Learning with Neural Networks: Insights from Nonparametric Statisticscited by 13
- 2022Optimal Contextual Bandits with Knapsacks under Realizability via Regression Oraclescited by 12
- 2022Optimism in Face of a Context: Regret Guarantees for Stochastic Contextual MDPcited by 11
- 2024PAK-UCB Contextual Bandit: An Online Learning Approach to Prompt-Aware Selection of Generative Models and LLMscited by 11
- 2023Practical Contextual Bandits with Feedback Graphscited by 10
- 2023Tracking Most Significant Shifts in Nonparametric Contextual Banditscited by 10
- 2023Best-of-Both-Worlds Algorithms for Linear Contextual Banditscited by 10
- 2021Going Beyond Linear RL: Sample Efficient Neural Function Approximationcited by 9
- 2022Eluder-based Regret for Stochastic Contextual MDPscited by 9
- 2023Efficient Rate Optimal Regret for Adversarial Contextual MDPs Using Online Function Approximationcited by 9
- 2023Pessimistic Nonlinear Least-Squares Value Iteration for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 9
- 2023Pearl: A Production-ready Reinforcement Learning Agentcited by 9
- 2021Top-k eXtreme Contextual Bandits with Arm Hierarchycited by 8
- 2023LLMs-augmented Contextual Banditcited by 8
- 2024The Central Role of the Loss Function in Reinforcement Learningcited by 8
- 2022Adaptive Oracle-Efficient Online Learningcited by 7
- 2022Global Optimization with Parametric Function Approximationcited by 7
- 2024The Real Price of Bandit Information in Multiclass Classificationcited by 7
- 2024Offline Oracle-Efficient Learning for Contextual MDPs via Layerwise Exploration-Exploitation Tradeoffcited by 7
- 2025Large Language Model-Enhanced Multi-Armed Banditscited by 7
- 2025Contextual Online Uncertainty-Aware Preference Learning for Human Feedbackcited by 7
- 2024No-Regret is not enough! Bandits with General Constraints through Adaptive Regret Minimizationcited by 6
- 2025Single Index Bandits: Generalized Linear Contextual Bandits with Unknown Reward Functionscited by 6
- 2024Experiment Planning with Function Approximationcited by 5
- 2021Parallelizing Contextual Banditscited by 4
- 2021Towards Costless Model Selection in Contextual Bandits: A Bias-Variance Perspectivecited by 4
- 2021Dealing with Expert Bias in Collective Decision-Makingcited by 4
- 2022Context Uncertainty in Contextual Bandits with Applications to Recommender Systemscited by 4
- 2023Provably Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Surprise Boundcited by 4
- 2023Online Learning in Contextual Second-Price Pay-Per-Click Auctionscited by 4
50 most cited of 92 All 92 (JSON)
- 2026When Greedy Sampling Explores: KL-Regularized Contextual Bandits without Eluder-Dimension Dependence11 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Price and Stock Under Contextual and Censored Demand5 Sep 2026
- 2026Optimal and Efficient Contextual Combinatorial Semi-bandits with General Function Approximation15 Jul 2026
- 2026When Does Online Imitation Learning Help in LLM Post-Training? The Role of (Non-)Realizability Beyond Horizon29 Jun 2026
- 2026Policy Regret for Embedding Model Routing: Contextual Bandits with Low-Rank Experts12 Jun 2026
- 2026Online KL-Regularized Reinforcement Learning with Function Approximation under Misspecification4 Jun 2026
- 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiclass and Sparse Contextual Bandits28 May 2026
- 2026Constrained Contextual Bandits with Adversarial Contexts7 May 2026
- 2026When Do We Need LLMs? A Diagnostic for Language-Driven Bandits7 Apr 2026
- 2026DAK-UCB: Diversity-Aware Prompt Routing for LLMs and Generative Models24 Mar 2026
- 2026RIE-Greedy: Regularization-Induced Exploration for Contextual Bandits11 Mar 2026
- 2026Near-Optimal Regret for Policy Optimization in Contextual MDPs with General Offline Function Approximation14 Feb 2026
38 more
- 2026Optimal Regret for Policy Optimization in Contextual Bandits14 Feb 2026
- 2026Interaction-Grounded Learning for Contextual Markov Decision Processes with Personalized Feedback9 Feb 2026
- 2026A Simple Reduction Scheme for Constrained Contextual Bandits with Adversarial Contexts via Regression4 Feb 2026
- 2026Tractable Multinomial Logit Contextual Bandits with Non-Linear Utilities11 Jan 2026
- 2025Fast Best-in-Class Regret for Contextual Bandits17 Oct 2025
- 2025Variational Quantum Circuits in Offline Contextual Bandit Problems9 Sep 2025
- 2025Non-Linear Model-Based Sequential Decision-Making in Agriculture2 Sep 2025
- 2025Single Index Bandits: Generalized Linear Contextual Bandits with Unknown Reward Functions15 Jun 2025
- 2025Pointwise confidence estimation in the non-linear ℓ2-regularized least squares8 Jun 2025
- 2025Contextual Learning for Stochastic Optimization22 May 2025
- 2025Contextual Online Uncertainty-Aware Preference Learning for Human Feedback27 Apr 2025
- 2025Sparse Nonparametric Contextual Bandits20 Mar 2025
- 2025Greedy Algorithm for Structured Bandits: A Sharp Characterization of Asymptotic Success / Failure6 Mar 2025
- 2025Large Language Model-Enhanced Multi-Armed Bandits3 Feb 2025
- 2025On The Statistical Complexity of Offline Decision-Making10 Jan 2025
- 2024Contextual Bandits in Payment Processing: Non-uniform Exploration and Supervised Learning30 Nov 2024
- 2024PAK-UCB Contextual Bandit: An Online Learning Approach to Prompt-Aware Selection of Generative Models and LLMs17 Oct 2024
- 2024Latency-Aware Contextual Bandit: Application to Cryo-EM Data Collection17 Oct 2024
- 2024The Central Role of the Loss Function in Reinforcement Learning19 Sep 2024
- 2024Efficient Sequential Decision Making with Large Language Models17 Jun 2024
- 2024Towards Domain Adaptive Neural Contextual Bandits13 Jun 2024
- 2024Provably Efficient Interactive-Grounded Learning with Personalized Reward31 May 2024
- 2024Offline Oracle-Efficient Learning for Contextual MDPs via Layerwise Exploration-Exploitation Tradeoff28 May 2024
- 2024Online Learning of Halfspaces with Massart Noise21 May 2024
- 2024The Real Price of Bandit Information in Multiclass Classification16 May 2024
- 2024No-Regret is not enough! Bandits with General Constraints through Adaptive Regret Minimization10 May 2024
- 2024On the Optimal Regret of Locally Private Linear Contextual Bandit15 Apr 2024
- 2024Online Learning with Unknown Constraints6 Mar 2024
- 2024More Benefits of Being Distributional: Second-Order Bounds for Reinforcement Learning11 Feb 2024
- 2024Sample Complexity Characterization for Linear Contextual MDPs5 Feb 2024
- 2024Mitigating Covariate Shift in Misspecified Regression with Applications to Reinforcement Learning22 Jan 2024
- 2024Experiment Planning with Function Approximation10 Jan 2024
- 2023Best-of-Both-Worlds Algorithms for Linear Contextual Bandits24 Dec 2023
- 2023Horizon-Free and Instance-Dependent Regret Bounds for Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation7 Dec 2023
- 2023Pearl: A Production-ready Reinforcement Learning Agent6 Dec 2023
- 2023LLMs-augmented Contextual Bandit3 Nov 2023
- 2023Improved Regret Bounds of (Multinomial) Logistic Bandits via Regret-to-Confidence-Set Conversion28 Oct 2023
- 2023Online Learning in Contextual Second-Price Pay-Per-Click Auctions8 Oct 2023
50 newest of 92 All 92 (JSON)
- 2021Offline Reinforcement Learning: Fundamental Barriers for Value Function Approximationcited by 69
- 2024More Benefits of Being Distributional: Second-Order Bounds for Reinforcement Learningcited by 23
- 2023Oracle-Efficient Pessimism: Offline Policy Optimization in Contextual Banditscited by 14
- 2023Pessimistic Nonlinear Least-Squares Value Iteration for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 9
- 2026When Does Online Imitation Learning Help in LLM Post-Training? The Role of (Non-)Realizability Beyond Horizoncited by 2
- 2026When Does Online Imitation Learning Help in LLM Post-Training? The Role of (Non-)Realizability Beyond Horizon29 Jun 2026
- 2024More Benefits of Being Distributional: Second-Order Bounds for Reinforcement Learning11 Feb 2024
- 2023Pessimistic Nonlinear Least-Squares Value Iteration for Offline Reinforcement Learning2 Oct 2023
- 2023Oracle-Efficient Pessimism: Offline Policy Optimization in Contextual Bandits13 Jun 2023
- 2021Offline Reinforcement Learning: Fundamental Barriers for Value Function Approximation21 Nov 2021
- 2021Adapting to Misspecification in Contextual Banditscited by 81
- 2021Efficient First-Order Contextual Bandits: Prediction, Allocation, and Triangular Discriminationcited by 53
- 2023Oracle Efficient Online Multicalibration and Omnipredictioncited by 36
- 2021Provable Model-based Nonlinear Bandit and Reinforcement Learning: Shelve Optimism, Embrace Virtual Curvaturecited by 32
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Large Action Spaces: Made Practicalcited by 32
- 2023Multicalibration as Boosting for Regressioncited by 32
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Packing and Covering Constraints: A Modular Lagrangian Approach via Regressioncited by 30
- 2023Improved Regret Bounds of (Multinomial) Logistic Bandits via Regret-to-Confidence-Set Conversioncited by 24
- 2021Adapting to Misspecification in Contextual Bandits with Offline Regression Oraclescited by 21
- 2022Efficient Active Learning with Abstentioncited by 21
- 2021Design of Experiments for Stochastic Contextual Linear Banditscited by 18
- 2023Bypassing the Simulator: Near-Optimal Adversarial Linear Contextual Banditscited by 18
12 most cited of 84 All 84 (JSON)
- 2026When Greedy Sampling Explores: KL-Regularized Contextual Bandits without Eluder-Dimension Dependence11 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Price and Stock Under Contextual and Censored Demand5 Sep 2026
- 2026Optimal and Efficient Contextual Combinatorial Semi-bandits with General Function Approximation15 Jul 2026
- 2026Policy Regret for Embedding Model Routing: Contextual Bandits with Low-Rank Experts12 Jun 2026
- 2026Online KL-Regularized Reinforcement Learning with Function Approximation under Misspecification4 Jun 2026
- 2026The Sample Complexity of Multiclass and Sparse Contextual Bandits28 May 2026
- 2026Constrained Contextual Bandits with Adversarial Contexts7 May 2026
- 2026When Do We Need LLMs? A Diagnostic for Language-Driven Bandits7 Apr 2026
- 2026DAK-UCB: Diversity-Aware Prompt Routing for LLMs and Generative Models24 Mar 2026
- 2026Near-Optimal Regret for Policy Optimization in Contextual MDPs with General Offline Function Approximation14 Feb 2026
- 2026Optimal Regret for Policy Optimization in Contextual Bandits14 Feb 2026
- 2026Interaction-Grounded Learning for Contextual Markov Decision Processes with Personalized Feedback9 Feb 2026
12 newest of 84 All 84 (JSON)