Mean Field Game of Controls and An Application To Trade Crowding
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper we formulate the now classical problem of optimal liquidation (or optimal trading) inside a Mean Field Game (MFG). This is a noticeable change since usually mathematical frameworks focus on one large trader in front of a "background noise" (or "mean field"). In standard frameworks, the interactions between the large trader and the price are a temporary and a permanent market impact terms, the latter influencing the public price. In this paper the trader faces the uncertainty of fair price changes too but not only. He has to deal with price changes generated by other similar market participants, impacting the prices permanently too, and acting strategically. Our MFG formulation of this problem belongs to the class of "extended MFG", we hence provide generic results to address these "MFG of controls", before solving the one generated by the cost function of optimal trading. We provide a closed form formula of its solution, and address the case of "heterogenous preferences" (when each participant has a different risk aversion). Last but not least we give conditions under which participants do not need to instantaneously know the state of the whole system, but can "learn" it day after day, observing others' behaviors.
Key facts. Cited by 23 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 2; 2023: 2; 2024: 5; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.
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- 2021Generalization in Mean Field Games by Learning Master Policiescited by 28
- 2021Deep Learning for Mean Field Games and Mean Field Control with Applications to Financecited by 20
- 2022Bridging Mean-Field Games and Normalizing Flows with Trajectory Regularizationcited by 17
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games, with Applications to Economicscited by 15
- 2023On the Statistical Efficiency of Mean-Field Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximationcited by 14
- 2021Signatured Deep Fictitious Play for Mean Field Games with Common Noisecited by 12
- 2022Individual-Level Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Gamescited by 10
- 2024Model-Based RL for Mean-Field Games is not Statistically Harder than Single-Agent RLcited by 9
- 2021Deep Neural Network Algorithms for Parabolic PIDEs and Applications in Insurance Mathematicscited by 5
- 2021Deep Learning for Principal-Agent Mean Field Gamescited by 5
- 2024Independent RL for Cooperative-Competitive Agents: A Mean-Field Perspectivecited by 3
- 2025Learning Surrogate Potential Mean Field Games via Gaussian Processes: A Data-Driven Approach to Ill-Posed Inverse Problemscited by 2
11 more
- 2025Solving Continuous Mean Field Games: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Non-Stationary Dynamicscited by 2
- 2023Deep Learning for Mean Field Games with non-separable Hamiltonianscited by 1
- 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Gamescited by 1
- 2024Learning Macroeconomic Policies through Dynamic Stackelberg Mean-Field Gamescited by 0
- 2024Mean-field Chaos Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2024Graphon Particle Systems, Part II: Dynamics of Distributed Stochastic Continuum Optimizationcited by 0
- 2025Consensus Based Stochastic Controlcited by 0
- 2026Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Gamescited by 0
- 2026Recursive Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Interacting Particle Systems using Virtual Particlescited by 0
- 2026Towards Model-Free Learning in Dynamic Population Games: An Application to Karma Economiescited by 0
- 2026Neural Parameter Calibration for Finite-State Mean Field Gamescited by 0
- 2026Neural Parameter Calibration for Finite-State Mean Field Games22 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Model-Free Learning in Dynamic Population Games: An Application to Karma Economies11 May 2026
- 2026Recursive Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Interacting Particle Systems using Virtual Particles1 May 2026
- 2026Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Games23 Feb 2026
- 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Games13 Feb 2026
- 2025Solving Continuous Mean Field Games: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Non-Stationary Dynamics25 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning Surrogate Potential Mean Field Games via Gaussian Processes: A Data-Driven Approach to Ill-Posed Inverse Problems17 Feb 2025
- 2025Consensus Based Stochastic Control29 Jan 2025
- 2024Graphon Particle Systems, Part II: Dynamics of Distributed Stochastic Continuum Optimization3 Jul 2024
- 2024Mean-field Chaos Diffusion Models8 Jun 2024
- 2024Independent RL for Cooperative-Competitive Agents: A Mean-Field Perspective17 Mar 2024
- 2024Learning Macroeconomic Policies through Dynamic Stackelberg Mean-Field Games14 Mar 2024
11 more
- 2024Model-Based RL for Mean-Field Games is not Statistically Harder than Single-Agent RL8 Feb 2024
- 2023On the Statistical Efficiency of Mean-Field Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation18 May 2023
- 2023Deep Learning for Mean Field Games with non-separable Hamiltonians7 Jan 2023
- 2022Bridging Mean-Field Games and Normalizing Flows with Trajectory Regularization30 Jun 2022
- 2022Individual-Level Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games13 Feb 2022
- 2021Deep Learning for Principal-Agent Mean Field Games3 Oct 2021
- 2021Deep Neural Network Algorithms for Parabolic PIDEs and Applications in Insurance Mathematics23 Sep 2021
- 2021Generalization in Mean Field Games by Learning Master Policies20 Sep 2021
- 2021Deep Learning for Mean Field Games and Mean Field Control with Applications to Finance9 Jul 2021
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games, with Applications to Economics25 Jun 2021
- 2021Signatured Deep Fictitious Play for Mean Field Games with Common Noise6 Jun 2021
- 2024Model-Based RL for Mean-Field Games is not Statistically Harder than Single-Agent RLcited by 9
- 2024Independent RL for Cooperative-Competitive Agents: A Mean-Field Perspectivecited by 3
- 2025Solving Continuous Mean Field Games: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Non-Stationary Dynamicscited by 2
- 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Gamescited by 1
- 2025Consensus Based Stochastic Controlcited by 0
- 2026Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Gamescited by 0
- 2026Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Games23 Feb 2026
- 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Games13 Feb 2026
- 2025Solving Continuous Mean Field Games: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Non-Stationary Dynamics25 Oct 2025
- 2025Consensus Based Stochastic Control29 Jan 2025
- 2024Independent RL for Cooperative-Competitive Agents: A Mean-Field Perspective17 Mar 2024
- 2024Model-Based RL for Mean-Field Games is not Statistically Harder than Single-Agent RL8 Feb 2024
- 2024Mean-field Chaos Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2024Mean-field Chaos Diffusion Models8 Jun 2024
- 2021Generalization in Mean Field Games by Learning Master Policiescited by 28
- 2021Deep Learning for Mean Field Games and Mean Field Control with Applications to Financecited by 20
- 2022Bridging Mean-Field Games and Normalizing Flows with Trajectory Regularizationcited by 17
- 2021Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games, with Applications to Economicscited by 15
- 2023On the Statistical Efficiency of Mean-Field Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximationcited by 14
- 2021Signatured Deep Fictitious Play for Mean Field Games with Common Noisecited by 12
- 2021Deep Neural Network Algorithms for Parabolic PIDEs and Applications in Insurance Mathematicscited by 5
- 2021Deep Learning for Principal-Agent Mean Field Gamescited by 5
- 2025Learning Surrogate Potential Mean Field Games via Gaussian Processes: A Data-Driven Approach to Ill-Posed Inverse Problemscited by 2
- 2023Deep Learning for Mean Field Games with non-separable Hamiltonianscited by 1
- 2024Learning Macroeconomic Policies through Dynamic Stackelberg Mean-Field Gamescited by 0
- 2024Graphon Particle Systems, Part II: Dynamics of Distributed Stochastic Continuum Optimizationcited by 0
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026Neural Parameter Calibration for Finite-State Mean Field Games22 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Model-Free Learning in Dynamic Population Games: An Application to Karma Economies11 May 2026
- 2026Recursive Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Interacting Particle Systems using Virtual Particles1 May 2026
- 2025Learning Surrogate Potential Mean Field Games via Gaussian Processes: A Data-Driven Approach to Ill-Posed Inverse Problems17 Feb 2025
- 2024Graphon Particle Systems, Part II: Dynamics of Distributed Stochastic Continuum Optimization3 Jul 2024
- 2024Learning Macroeconomic Policies through Dynamic Stackelberg Mean-Field Games14 Mar 2024
- 2023On the Statistical Efficiency of Mean-Field Reinforcement Learning with General Function Approximation18 May 2023
- 2023Deep Learning for Mean Field Games with non-separable Hamiltonians7 Jan 2023
- 2022Bridging Mean-Field Games and Normalizing Flows with Trajectory Regularization30 Jun 2022
- 2021Deep Learning for Principal-Agent Mean Field Games3 Oct 2021
- 2021Deep Neural Network Algorithms for Parabolic PIDEs and Applications in Insurance Mathematics23 Sep 2021
- 2021Generalization in Mean Field Games by Learning Master Policies20 Sep 2021
12 newest of 15 All 15 (JSON)