Back to the Feature: Zero-Shot 6DoF Pose Estimation via Dense Local Features

We present B2TFPose, a training-free zero-shot method for 6DoF pose estimation of unseen objects from RGB images. Using a single frozen DINOv3 vision transformer as its only pretrained component within the pose estimation pipeline, B2TFPose extracts dense patch-level features that generalize across the synthetic-to-real domain gap without any task-specific fine-tuning, revisiting the classical local feature matching paradigm through the lens of large-scale self-supervised foundation models. Three contributions advance the training-free state of the art. A geodesic non-maximum suppression strategy retrieves a viewpoint-diverse template set for coarse-to-fine correspondence matching. Render-guided Re-Correspondence (RRC) synthesizes object-specific views at the estimated pose and re-establishes dense 2D-3D correspondences to sharpen the initial estimate without additional learned parameters. A multi-mask hypothesis selection strategy jointly scores competing segmentation candidates to resolve segmentation ambiguity. On the seven core datasets of the BOP Benchmark, B2TFPose achieves 40.7 mean AR without refinement and 56.4 with refinement, establishing state-of-the-art performance among training-free RGB methods and outperforming trained counterparts including GigaPose and GenFlow, at competitive inference speed.