Cura 1T: Specialized Model for Agentic Healthcare
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Medical and scientific domain agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Healthcare spans high-stakes communication, expert reasoning, and workflow execution, yet specialized language models that cover these use cases together remain limited. A healthcare model must handle patient consultation, clinical reasoning over text and images, interactive diagnosis, and electronic health record (EHR) tool use. These capabilities fail in different ways, and a narrow update for one task can degrade another. We present Cura 1T, a healthcare foundation model trained through recursive self-improvement (RSI). In each RSI round, the RSI harness runs the current model on healthcare benchmarks, evaluates the trajectories to locate capability gaps, and refines the training mixture by synthesizing training data. On 6 healthcare benchmarks, Cura 1T scores highest on MedAgentBench, HealthBench Professional, HealthBench Hard, MedXpertQA text, and AgentClinic, and second on MedXpertQA multimodal. It preserves performances on out-of-domain reasoning and agentic benchmarks including AIME, GPQA-Diamond, and τ2-Bench.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Medical and scientific domain agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 30 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jul 2026.
Builds on
30 of 35 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2026HealthAgentBench: A Unified Benchmark Suite of Realistic Agentic Healthcare Environments for Challenging Frontier AI Agents30 Jun
- 2026PhysicianBench: Evaluating LLM Agents in Real-World EHR Environments4 May
- 2025MedAgentBench: A Realistic Virtual EHR Environment to Benchmark Medical LLM Agents24 Jan
- 2024AgentClinic: a multimodal agent benchmark to evaluate AI in simulated clinical environments13 May
Other references · 26
- 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
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- 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learningcited by 4,064
- 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedbackcited by 3,317
- 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,748
- 2022Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledgecited by 1,807
- 2020What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Examscited by 1,324
- 2024The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discoverycited by 1,002
- 2022STaR: Bootstrapping Reasoning With Reasoningcited by 895
- 2023Large Language Models as Optimizerscited by 830
- 2023DSPy: Compiling Declarative Language Model Calls into Self-Improving Pipelinescited by 803
- 2025AlphaEvolve: A coding agent for scientific and algorithmic discoverycited by 763
14 more
- 2025τ2-Bench: Evaluating Conversational Agents in a Dual-Control Environmentcited by 558
- 2022MedMCQA : A Large-scale Multi-Subject Multi-Choice Dataset for Medical domain Question Answeringcited by 525
- 2023Scaling Relationship on Learning Mathematical Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 417
- 2025HealthBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Towards Improved Human Healthcited by 385
- 2025The AI Scientist-v2: Workshop-Level Automated Scientific Discovery via Agentic Tree Searchcited by 375
- 2024TextGrad: Automatic "Differentiation" via Textcited by 250
- 2025MedXpertQA: Benchmarking Expert-Level Medical Reasoning and Understandingcited by 212
- 2026Self-Distillation Enables Continual Learningcited by 212
- 2026HealthBench Professional: Evaluating Large Language Models on Real Clinician Chatscited by 22
- 2026ResearchGym: Evaluating Language Model Agents on Real-World AI Researchcited by 15
- 2026AutoResearch AI: Towards AI-Powered Research Automation for Scientific Discoverycited by 9
- 2026CHI-Bench: Can AI Agents Automate End-to-End, Long-Horizon, Policy-Rich Healthcare Workflows?cited by 6
- 2026ClinAlign: Scaling Healthcare Alignment from Clinician Preferencecited by 2
- 2026Baichuan-M4: A Clinical-Grade Medical Agent System for Continuous Carecited by 1
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