mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

HDFlow: Hierarchical Diffusion-Flow Planning for Long-horizon Tasks

arXiv 2605.04525 ↗First posted 6 May 2026cs.ROcited by 2

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion and flow policies for robotics

Abstract (arXiv)

Recent advances in generative models have shown promise in generating behavior plans for long-horizon, sparse reward tasks. While these approaches have achieved promising results, they often lack a principled framework for hierarchical decomposition and struggle with the computational demands of real-time execution, due to their iterative denoising process. In this work, we introduce Hierarchical Diffusion-Flow (HDFlow), a novel hierarchical planning framework that optimally leverages the strengths of diffusion and rectified flow models to overcome the limitations of single-paradigm generative planners. HDFlow employs a high-level diffusion planner to generate sequences of strategic subgoals in a learned latent space, capitalizing on diffusion's powerful exploratory capabilities. These subgoals then guide a low-level rectified flow planner that generates smooth and dense trajectories, exploiting the speed and efficiency of ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based trajectory generation. We evaluate HDFlow on four challenging furniture assembly tasks in both simulation and real-world, where it significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, we also showcase our method's generalizability on two long-horizon benchmarks comprising diverse locomotion and manipulation tasks. Project website: https://hdflow-page.github.io/

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion and flow policies for robotics, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 57 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 May 2026.

Builds on

57 of 68 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Local Manifold Approximation and Projection for Manifold-Aware Diffusion Planning1 Jun
  2. 2025What Makes a Good Diffusion Planner for Decision Making?1 Mar
  3. 2024Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization1 Sep
  4. 20243D Diffuser Actor: Policy Diffusion with 3D Scene Representations16 Feb
  5. 2024Simple Hierarchical Planning with Diffusion5 Jan
  6. 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion7 Mar
  7. 2023AdaptDiffuser: Diffusion Models as Adaptive Self-evolving Planners3 Feb
  8. 2022Is Conditional Generative Modeling all you need for Decision-Making?28 Nov

Other references · 49

  1. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  2. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  3. 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
  4. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
  5. 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,339
  6. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  7. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 5,931
  8. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  9. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,426
  10. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,094
  11. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
  12. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,550
37 more
  1. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 2,994
  2. 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,833
  3. 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,598
  4. 2018World Modelscited by 1,444
  5. 2022Diffusion Posterior Sampling for General Noisy Inverse Problemscited by 1,375
  6. 2021Offline Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Q-Learningcited by 1,245
  7. 2018Learning Latent Dynamics for Planning from Pixelscited by 1,221
  8. 2023Mastering Diverse Domains through World Modelscited by 1,193
  9. 2022Planning with Diffusion for Flexible Behavior Synthesiscited by 1,023
  10. 2022Diffusion-LM Improves Controllable Text Generationcited by 1,006
  11. 2022Building Normalizing Flows with Stochastic Interpolantscited by 964
  12. 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generationcited by 734
  13. 2022R3M: A Universal Visual Representation for Robot Manipulationcited by 678
  14. 2019RLBench: The Robot Learning Benchmark & Learning Environmentcited by 669
  15. 2022Perceiver-Actor: A Multi-Task Transformer for Robotic Manipulationcited by 545
  16. 2022Improving Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems using Manifold Constraintscited by 501
  17. 2020Understanding the Behaviour of Contrastive Losscited by 397
  18. 2022VIP: Towards Universal Visual Reward and Representation via Value-Implicit Pre-Trainingcited by 384
  19. 2023Photorealistic Video Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 304
  20. 2023RVT: Robotic View Transformer for 3D Object Manipulationcited by 224
  21. 2024OGBench: Benchmarking Offline Goal-Conditioned RLcited by 216
  22. 2023Manifold Preserving Guided Diffusioncited by 153
  23. 2016Learning to Poke by Poking: Experiential Learning of Intuitive Physicscited by 152
  24. 2024RVT-2: Learning Precise Manipulation from Few Demonstrationscited by 135
  25. 2023FurnitureBench: Reproducible Real-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Complex Manipulationcited by 132
  26. 2018Zero-Shot Visual Imitationcited by 114
  27. 2022Deep Hierarchical Planning from Pixelscited by 96
  28. 2019Exploring Model-based Planning with Policy Networkscited by 90
  29. 2024From Imitation to Refinement -- Residual RL for Precise Assemblycited by 80
  30. 2023Dirichlet Diffusion Score Model for Biological Sequence Generationcited by 73
  31. 2019IKEA Furniture Assembly Environment for Long-Horizon Complex Manipulation Taskscited by 68
  32. 2020On the role of planning in model-based deep reinforcement learningcited by 57
  33. 2024DiffuserLite: Towards Real-time Diffusion Planningcited by 40
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  35. 2024Resisting Stochastic Risks in Diffusion Planners with the Trajectory Aggregation Treecited by 13
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  37. 2025CHD: Coupled Hierarchical Diffusion for Long-Horizon Taskscited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.

2 papers.

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Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Generative Trajectory Stitching through Diffusion Composition
  2. 2023Compositional Foundation Models for Hierarchical Planning
  3. 2026GenPlanner: From Noise to Plans -- Emergent Reasoning in Flow Matching and Diffusion Models
  4. 2026Chain-of-Trajectories: Unlocking the Intrinsic Generative Optimality of Diffusion Models via Graph-Theoretic Planning
  5. 2024Diffusion Model for Planning: A Systematic Literature Review
  6. 2023Planning as In-Painting: A Diffusion-Based Embodied Task Planning Framework for Environments under Uncertainty
  7. 2026Coarse-to-Fine Compositional Diffusion for Long-Horizon Planning
  8. 2024Diffusion Meets Options: Hierarchical Generative Skill Composition for Temporally-Extended Tasks