Seeking SOTA: Time-Series Forecasting Must Adopt Taxonomy-Specific Evaluation to Dispel Illusory Gains
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Abstract (arXiv)
We argue that the current practice of evaluating AI/ML time-series forecasting models, predominantly on benchmarks characterized by strong, persistent periodicities and seasonalities, obscures real progress by overlooking the performance of efficient classical methods. We demonstrate that these "standard" datasets often exhibit dominant autocorrelation patterns and seasonal cycles that can be effectively captured by simpler linear or statistical models, rendering complex deep learning architectures frequently no more performant than their classical counterparts for these specific data characteristics, and raising questions as to whether any marginal improvements justify the significant increase in computational overhead and model complexity. We call on the community to (I) retire or substantially augment current benchmarks with datasets exhibiting a wider spectrum of non-stationarities, such as structural breaks, time-varying volatility, and concept drift, and less predictable dynamics drawn from diverse real-world domains, and (II) require every deep learning submission to include robust classical and simple baselines, appropriately chosen for the specific characteristics of the downstream tasks' time series. By doing so, we will help ensure that reported gains reflect genuine scientific methodological advances rather than artifacts of benchmark selection favoring models adept at learning repetitive patterns.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 78 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Mar 2026.
Builds on
44 of 78 references.
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32 more
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
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- 2026IND-Eval: Aligning Evaluation and Simulation for Industrial Time Series Foundation Models12 Oct 2026
- 2026T-SMART: Mechanism-Level Attribution for Tool-Augmented Time-Series Question Answering12 Sep 2026
- 2026Quantifying Protocol-Induced Uncertainty in Comparative Predictive-Model Evaluation: Evidence from Large-Scale Daily PM10 Forecasting26 Aug 2026