Ares: Adaptive Reasoning Effort Selection for Efficient LLM Agents
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Modern agents powered by thinking LLMs achieve high accuracy through long chain-of-thought reasoning but incur substantial inference costs. While many LLMs now support configurable reasoning levels (e.g., high/medium/low), static strategies are often ineffective: using low-effort modes at every step leads to significant performance degradation, while random selection fails to preserve accuracy or provide meaningful cost reduction. However, agents should reserve high reasoning effort for difficult steps like navigating complex website structures, while using lower-effort modes for simpler steps like opening a target URL. In this paper, we propose Ares, a framework for per-step dynamic reasoning effort selection tailored for multi-step agent tasks. Ares employs a lightweight router to predict the lowest appropriate reasoning level for each step based on the interaction history. To train this router, we develop a data generation pipeline that identifies the minimum reasoning effort required for successful step completion. We then fine-tune the router to predict these levels, enabling plug-and-play integration for any LLM agents. We evaluate Ares on a diverse set of agent tasks, including TAU-Bench for tool use agents, BrowseComp-Plus for deep-research agents, and WebArena for web agents. Experimental results show that Ares reduces reasoning token usage by up to 52.7% compared to fixed high-effort reasoning, while introducing minimal degradation in task success rates.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 34 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Mar 2026.
Builds on
34 of 38 references.
References · 34
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
- 2017TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehensioncited by 2,955
- 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 2,006
- 2025Search-R1: Training LLMs to Reason and Leverage Search Engines with Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,444
- 2024τ-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domainscited by 1,402
- 2025Kimi k1.5: Scaling Reinforcement Learning with LLMscited by 1,210
- 2025OpenAI GPT-5 System Cardcited by 989
- 2024RouteLLM: Learning to Route LLMs with Preference Datacited by 682
- 2025BrowseComp: A Simple Yet Challenging Benchmark for Browsing Agentscited by 647
- 2024WebRL: Training LLM Web Agents via Self-Evolving Online Curriculum Reinforcement Learningcited by 256
22 more
- 2025BrowseComp-Plus: A More Fair and Transparent Evaluation Benchmark of Deep-Research Agentcited by 200
- 2025ThinkPrune: Pruning Long Chain-of-Thought of LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 192
- 2025APIGen-MT: Agentic Pipeline for Multi-Turn Data Generation via Simulated Agent-Human Interplaycited by 167
- 2024GraphRouter: A Graph-based Router for LLM Selectionscited by 165
- 2025DAST: Difficulty-Adaptive Slow-Thinking for Large Reasoning Modelscited by 158
- 2025Scaling Long-Horizon LLM Agent via Context-Foldingcited by 148
- 2024AgentOccam: A Simple Yet Strong Baseline for LLM-Based Web Agentscited by 114
- 2025Universal Model Routing for Efficient LLM Inferencecited by 86
- 2025BEST-Route: Adaptive LLM Routing with Test-Time Optimal Computecited by 67
- 2025AdaCtrl: Towards Adaptive and Controllable Reasoning via Difficulty-Aware Budgetingcited by 50
- 2025ToolOrchestra: Elevating Intelligence via Efficient Model and Tool Orchestrationcited by 47
- 2025The Avengers: A Simple Recipe for Uniting Smaller Language Models to Challenge Proprietary Giantscited by 38
- 2025Reasoning on a Budget: A Survey of Adaptive and Controllable Test-Time Compute in LLMscited by 31
- 2025UltraCUA: A Foundation Model for Computer Use Agents with Hybrid Actioncited by 31
- 2025Think Smarter not Harder: Adaptive Reasoning with Inference Aware Optimizationcited by 29
- 2026EvoRoute: Experience-Driven Self-Routing LLM Agent Systemscited by 16
- 2025Self-Resource Allocation in Multi-Agent LLM Systemscited by 15
- 2025From Efficiency to Adaptivity: A Deeper Look at Adaptive Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2025DiffAdapt: Difficulty-Adaptive Reasoning for Token-Efficient LLM Inferencecited by 11
- 2025DART: Difficulty-Adaptive Reasoning Truncation for Efficient Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2025Adaptive Test-Time Reasoning via Reward-Guided Dual-Phase Searchcited by 2
- 2025Learning from Online Videos at Inference Time for Computer-Use Agentscited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 8.
8 papers.
- 2026FederatedSkill: Federated Learning for Agentic Skill Evolutioncited by 6
- 2026Do AI Agents Know When a Task Is Simple? Toward Complexity-Aware Reasoning and Executioncited by 3
- 2026Cost-Utility Alignment in LLM Agent Trajectories:Profiling,Attribution,Diagnosis,Adaptation,and Evaluationcited by 2
- 2026AdaMame: A Training Recipe for Adaptive Multilingual Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Measured Joules, Learned Routes: Learning to Route for Energy-Efficient LLM Servingcited by 0
- 2026What Can Component-Replacement Evidence Establish? A Critical Scoping Review of Local Decisions in LLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026When Should Agents Think? Adaptive Reasoning via Cross-Turn Estimationcited by 0
- 2026Integrating Simulation and Chain-of-thought Reasoning in Multimodal-Language Models For Physical Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Integrating Simulation and Chain-of-thought Reasoning in Multimodal-Language Models For Physical Reasoning14 Oct 2026
- 2026When Should Agents Think? Adaptive Reasoning via Cross-Turn Estimation8 Oct 2026
- 2026What Can Component-Replacement Evidence Establish? A Critical Scoping Review of Local Decisions in LLM Agents30 Sep 2026
- 2026Measured Joules, Learned Routes: Learning to Route for Energy-Efficient LLM Serving19 Sep 2026
- 2026Cost-Utility Alignment in LLM Agent Trajectories:Profiling,Attribution,Diagnosis,Adaptation,and Evaluation25 Aug 2026
- 2026Do AI Agents Know When a Task Is Simple? Toward Complexity-Aware Reasoning and Execution14 Jul 2026
- 2026AdaMame: A Training Recipe for Adaptive Multilingual Reasoning13 Jun 2026
- 2026FederatedSkill: Federated Learning for Agentic Skill Evolution2 Jun 2026
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- 2026Learning Agent Routing From Early Experience
- 2026Select-then-Solve: Paradigm Routing as Inference-Time Optimization for LLM Agents
- 2025WebCoT: Enhancing Web Agent Reasoning by Reconstructing Chain-of-Thought in Reflection, Branching, and Rollback
- 2025Adaptive Minds: Empowering Agents with LoRA-as-Tools
- 2026Are Tools All We Need? Unveiling the Tool-Use Tax in LLM Agents
- 2026AgentCollab: A Self-Evaluation-Driven Collaboration Paradigm for Efficient LLM Agents
- 2026AgentEscapeBench: Evaluating Out-of-Domain Tool-Grounded Reasoning in LLM Agents
- 2026Adaptive Latent Agentic Reasoning