mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

MVU-Eval: Towards Multi-Video Understanding Evaluation for Multimodal LLMs

arXiv 2511.07250 ↗First posted 10 Nov 2025cs.CV cs.AIcited by 10

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs

Abstract (arXiv)

The advent of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has expanded AI capabilities to visual modalities, yet existing evaluation benchmarks remain limited to single-video understanding, overlooking the critical need for multi-video understanding in real-world scenarios (e.g., sports analytics and autonomous driving). To address this significant gap, we introduce MVU-Eval, the first comprehensive benchmark for evaluating Multi-Video Understanding for MLLMs. Specifically, our MVU-Eval mainly assesses eight core competencies through 1,824 meticulously curated question-answer pairs spanning 4,959 videos from diverse domains, addressing both fundamental perception tasks and high-order reasoning tasks. These capabilities are rigorously aligned with real-world applications such as multi-sensor synthesis in autonomous systems and cross-angle sports analytics. Through extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art open-source and closed-source models, we reveal significant performance discrepancies and limitations in current MLLMs' ability to perform understanding across multiple videos. The benchmark will be made publicly available to foster future research.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 54 of its 67 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Nov 2025.

Builds on

54 of 67 references.

Closest ancestors · 14

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025IF-VidCap: Can Video Caption Models Follow Instructions?21 Oct
  2. 2025MT-Video-Bench: A Holistic Video Understanding Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal LLMs in Multi-Turn Dialogues20 Oct
  3. 2025OmniVideoBench: Towards Audio-Visual Understanding Evaluation for Omni MLLMs12 Oct
  4. 2025Video-XL-2: Towards Very Long-Video Understanding Through Task-Aware KV Sparsification24 Jun
  5. 2025Mavors: Multi-granularity Video Representation for Multimodal Large Language Model14 Apr
  6. 2025Video-XL-Pro: Reconstructive Token Compression for Extremely Long Video Understanding24 Mar
  7. 2025InternVideo2.5: Empowering Video MLLMs with Long and Rich Context Modeling21 Jan
  8. 2024VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling31 Dec
  9. 2024LongVILA: Scaling Long-Context Visual Language Models for Long Videos19 Aug
  10. 2024mPLUG-Owl3: Towards Long Image-Sequence Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Models9 Aug
  11. 2024LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-context Interleaved Video-Language Understanding22 Jul
  12. 2023LLaMA-VID: An Image is Worth 2 Tokens in Large Language Models28 Nov
2 more
  1. 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmark28 Nov
  2. 2023Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understanding5 Jun

Other references · 40

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  2. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,459
  3. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 10,109
  4. 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,963
  5. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  6. 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,137
  7. 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
  8. 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
  9. 2024Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of contextcited by 3,224
  10. 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
  11. 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,879
  12. 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,711
28 more
  1. 2025InternVL3: Exploring Advanced Training and Test-Time Recipes for Open-Source Multimodal Modelscited by 1,834
  2. 2024Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scalingcited by 1,599
  3. 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,079
  4. 2023VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understandingcited by 857
  5. 2023StarCoder: may the source be with you!cited by 799
  6. 2024VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMscited by 771
  7. 2021NExT-QA:Next Phase of Question-Answering to Explaining Temporal Actionscited by 744
  8. 2017Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videoscited by 619
  9. 2023MovieChat: From Dense Token to Sparse Memory for Long Video Understandingcited by 542
  10. 2025VideoLLaMA 3: Frontier Multimodal Foundation Models for Image and Video Understandingcited by 518
  11. 2023MAmmoTH: Building Math Generalist Models through Hybrid Instruction Tuningcited by 487
  12. 2023NuScenes-QA: A Multi-modal Visual Question Answering Benchmark for Autonomous Driving Scenariocited by 262
  13. 2024STAR: A Benchmark for Situated Reasoning in Real-World Videoscited by 213
  14. 2024Flash-VStream: Memory-Based Real-Time Understanding for Long Video Streamscited by 169
  15. 2025LLaVA-Mini: Efficient Image and Video Large Multimodal Models with One Vision Tokencited by 166
  16. 2024Tarsier: Recipes for Training and Evaluating Large Video Description Modelscited by 141
  17. 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Long Context Language Modelingcited by 117
  18. 2022FineDiving: A Fine-grained Dataset for Procedure-aware Action Quality Assessmentcited by 107
  19. 2023Vista-LLaMA: Reducing Hallucination in Video Language Models via Equal Distance to Visual Tokenscited by 71
  20. 2025Ross3D: Reconstructive Visual Instruction Tuning with 3D-Awarenesscited by 63
  21. 2025Vchitect-2.0: Parallel Transformer for Scaling Up Video Diffusion Modelscited by 60
  22. 2024Reconstructive Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 55
  23. 2023Shot2Story: A New Benchmark for Comprehensive Understanding of Multi-shot Videoscited by 54
  24. 2024McEval: Massively Multilingual Code Evaluationcited by 44
  25. 2023Paxion: Patching Action Knowledge in Video-Language Foundation Modelscited by 42
  26. 2025Video-MMLU: A Massive Multi-Discipline Lecture Understanding Benchmarkcited by 37
  27. 2024M2rc-Eval: Massively Multilingual Repository-level Code Completion Evaluationcited by 21
  28. 2024ConceptMath: A Bilingual Concept-wise Benchmark for Measuring Mathematical Reasoning of Large Language Modelscited by 10

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 8.

10 papers.

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Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024MMWorld: Towards Multi-discipline Multi-faceted World Model Evaluation in Videos
  2. 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis
  3. 2024MMT-Bench: A Comprehensive Multimodal Benchmark for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models Towards Multitask AGI
  4. 2023VLM-Eval: A General Evaluation on Video Large Language Models
  5. 2024MMBench-Video: A Long-Form Multi-Shot Benchmark for Holistic Video Understanding
  6. 2026MVPBench: A Multi-Video Perception Evaluation Benchmark for Multi-Modal Video Understanding
  7. 2025RTV-Bench: Benchmarking MLLM Continuous Perception, Understanding and Reasoning through Real-Time Video
  8. 2026MMOU: A Massive Multi-Task Omni Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Long and Complex Real-World Videos