mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Mavors: Multi-granularity Video Representation for Multimodal Large Language Model

arXiv 2504.10068 ↗First posted 14 Apr 2025cs.CV cs.AI cs.CLcited by 32

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs

Abstract (arXiv)

Long-context video understanding in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) faces a critical challenge: balancing computational efficiency with the retention of fine-grained spatio-temporal patterns. Existing approaches (e.g., sparse sampling, dense sampling with low resolution, and token compression) suffer from significant information loss in temporal dynamics, spatial details, or subtle interactions, particularly in videos with complex motion or varying resolutions. To address this, we propose Mavors, a novel framework that introduces Multi-granularity video representation for holistic long-video modeling. Specifically, Mavors directly encodes raw video content into latent representations through two core components: 1) an Intra-chunk Vision Encoder (IVE) that preserves high-resolution spatial features via 3D convolutions and Vision Transformers, and 2) an Inter-chunk Feature Aggregator (IFA) that establishes temporal coherence across chunks using transformer-based dependency modeling with chunk-level rotary position encodings. Moreover, the framework unifies image and video understanding by treating images as single-frame videos via sub-image decomposition. Experiments across diverse benchmarks demonstrate Mavors' superiority in maintaining both spatial fidelity and temporal continuity, significantly outperforming existing methods in tasks requiring fine-grained spatio-temporal reasoning.

Key facts. Cited by 32 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 110 of its 134 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Apr 2025.

Builds on

110 of 134 references.

Closest ancestors · 16

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Slow-Fast Architecture for Video Multi-Modal Large Language Models2 Apr
  2. 2025STORM: Token-Efficient Long Video Understanding for Multimodal LLMs6 Mar
  3. 2025InternVideo2.5: Empowering Video MLLMs with Long and Rich Context Modeling21 Jan
  4. 2024VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling31 Dec
  5. 2024Vinoground: Scrutinizing LMMs over Dense Temporal Reasoning with Short Videos3 Oct
  6. 2024Video-XL: Extra-Long Vision Language Model for Hour-Scale Video Understanding22 Sep
  7. 2024LongLLaVA: Scaling Multi-modal LLMs to 1000 Images Efficiently via a Hybrid Architecture4 Sep
  8. 2024Kangaroo: A Powerful Video-Language Model Supporting Long-context Video Input28 Aug
  9. 2024Video-CCAM: Enhancing Video-Language Understanding with Causal Cross-Attention Masks for Short and Long Videos26 Aug
  10. 2024LongVILA: Scaling Long-Context Visual Language Models for Long Videos19 Aug
  11. 2024Long Context Transfer from Language to Vision24 Jun
  12. 2024VideoGPT+: Integrating Image and Video Encoders for Enhanced Video Understanding13 Jun
4 more
  1. 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis31 May
  2. 2023LLaMA-VID: An Image is Worth 2 Tokens in Large Language Models28 Nov
  3. 2023MVBench: A Comprehensive Multi-modal Video Understanding Benchmark28 Nov
  4. 2023Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection16 Nov

Other references · 94

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
  3. 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
  4. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  5. 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learningcited by 6,330
  6. 2023Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttentioncited by 5,944
  7. 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
  8. 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,588
  9. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,418
  10. 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,386
  11. 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
  12. 2024Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of contextcited by 3,224
38 more
  1. 2023Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Trainingcited by 3,109
  2. 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfercited by 2,719
  3. 2023MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGIcited by 2,080
  4. 2024Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scalingcited by 1,599
  5. 2021LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairscited by 1,555
  6. 2021Conceptual 12M: Pushing Web-Scale Image-Text Pre-Training To Recognize Long-Tail Visual Conceptscited by 1,216
  7. 2021Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrievalcited by 1,177
  8. 2017The "something something" video database for learning and evaluating visual common sensecited by 1,103
  9. 2023Kosmos-2: Grounding Multimodal Large Language Models to the Worldcited by 1,089
  10. 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,079
  11. 2023Video-ChatGPT: Towards Detailed Video Understanding via Large Vision and Language Modelscited by 1,062
  12. 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captionscited by 1,005
  13. 2023VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understandingcited by 857
  14. 2016A Diagram Is Worth A Dozen Imagescited by 804
  15. 2023MetaMath: Bootstrap Your Own Mathematical Questions for Large Language Modelscited by 735
  16. 2023CogVLM: Visual Expert for Pretrained Language Modelscited by 708
  17. 2023VILA: On Pre-training for Visual Language Modelscited by 692
  18. 2017Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videoscited by 619
  19. 2024LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 584
  20. 2024LLaVA-Video: Video Instruction Tuning With Synthetic Datacited by 583
  21. 2024DeepSeek-VL2: Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Models for Advanced Multimodal Understandingcited by 572
  22. 2023MovieChat: From Dense Token to Sparse Memory for Long Video Understandingcited by 542
  23. 2025VideoLLaMA 3: Frontier Multimodal Foundation Models for Image and Video Understandingcited by 518
  24. 2023InternVid: A Large-scale Video-Text Dataset for Multimodal Understanding and Generationcited by 497
  25. 2024Panda-70M: Captioning 70M Videos with Multiple Cross-Modality Teacherscited by 393
  26. 2024ShareGPT4Video: Improving Video Understanding and Generation with Better Captionscited by 388
  27. 2024TempCompass: Do Video LLMs Really Understand Videos?cited by 363
  28. 2024LMMs-Eval: Reality Check on the Evaluation of Large Multimodal Modelscited by 353
  29. 2024OpenVid-1M: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Text-to-video Generationcited by 341
  30. 2023OBELICS: An Open Web-Scale Filtered Dataset of Interleaved Image-Text Documentscited by 316
  31. 2023Perception Test: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Multimodal Video Modelscited by 314
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  33. 2021WIT: Wikipedia-based Image Text Dataset for Multimodal Multilingual Machine Learningcited by 287
  34. 2024CogVLM2: Visual Language Models for Image and Video Understandingcited by 217
  35. 2024MANTIS: Interleaved Multi-Image Instruction Tuningcited by 216
  36. 2024NVILA: Efficient Frontier Visual Language Modelscited by 209
  37. 2024OpenMathInstruct-2: Accelerating AI for Math with Massive Open-Source Instruction Datacited by 200
  38. 2025VITA-1.5: Towards GPT-4o Level Real-Time Vision and Speech Interactioncited by 197

50 most cited of 94 All 94 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 13; 2026: 19.

32 papers.

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  1. 2025Monet: Reasoning in Latent Visual Space Beyond Images and Languagecited by 82
  2. 2025Omni-R1: Reinforcement Learning for Omnimodal Reasoning via Two-System Collaborationcited by 41
  3. 2025RealUnify: Do Unified Models Truly Benefit from Unification? A Comprehensive Benchmarkcited by 33
  4. 2025VABench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Audio-Video Generationcited by 30
  5. 2025AVoCaDO: An Audiovisual Video Captioner Driven by Temporal Orchestrationcited by 27
  6. 2025MME-VideoOCR: Evaluating OCR-Based Capabilities of Multimodal LLMs in Video Scenarioscited by 18
  7. 2025BaseReward: A Strong Baseline for Multimodal Reward Modelcited by 15
  8. 2025VidBridge-R1: Bridging QA and Captioning for RL-based Video Understanding Models with Intermediate Proxy Taskscited by 14
  9. 2026VTC-Bench: Evaluating Agentic Multimodal Models via Compositional Visual Tool Chainingcited by 12
  10. 2025MVU-Eval: Towards Multi-Video Understanding Evaluation for Multimodal LLMscited by 10
  11. 2026BrowseComp-V3: A Visual, Vertical, and Verifiable Benchmark for Multimodal Browsing Agentscited by 8
  12. 2026LatentOmni: Rethinking Omni-Modal Understanding via Unified Audio-Visual Latent Reasoningcited by 7
20 more
  1. 2026Agentic-MME: What Agentic Capability Really Brings to Multimodal Intelligence?cited by 5
  2. 2025Jarvis: Towards Personalized AI Assistant via Personal KV-Cache Retrievalcited by 4
  3. 2026Artifact-Bench: Evaluating MLLMs on Detecting and Assessing the Artifacts of AI-Generated Videoscited by 4
  4. 2026Research on World Models Is Not Merely Injecting World Knowledge into Specific Taskscited by 3
  5. 2026OpenWorldLib: A Unified Codebase and Definition of Advanced World Modelscited by 3
  6. 2026Beyond the Last Layer: Multi-Layer Representation Fusion for Visual Tokenizationcited by 3
  7. 2026Self-Consistent Latent Reasoning: Long Latent Sequence Reasoning for Vision-Language Modelcited by 3
  8. 2026ReBind: Multi-Reference Video Editing via Structured Instructions with Explicit Reference Relationshipscited by 3
  9. 2026OmniPack: Unified Token Compression for Efficient Omni-modal Large Language Modelscited by 3
  10. 2025The Escalator Problem: Identifying Implicit Motion Blindness in AI for Accessibilitycited by 2
  11. 2025MorphoBench: A Benchmark with Difficulty Adaptive to Model Reasoningcited by 2
  12. 2026KeyFrame-Compass: Towards Comprehensive Evaluation of Keyframe-Conditioned Video Generationcited by 1
  13. 2026Beacon: Knowing When and How to Perform Agentic Visual Reasoningcited by 1
  14. 2025Hybrid Attribution Priors for Explainable and Robust Model Trainingcited by 0
  15. 2026RefCaptioner: Multi-Reference Image-Grounded Video Captioningcited by 0
  16. 2026AVCap: Reinforcing Audio-Video Joint Caption with Detail-Aware Rewardcited by 0
  17. 2026VideoScout: Learning Agentic Active Exploration with Adaptive Reasoning Pacing for Long Video Understandingcited by 0
  18. 2026Think Before You Score: Thinking Reward Model for Visual Generationcited by 0
  19. 2026Does Local Video Understanding Transfer Across Encounters? The EgoGears Benchmarkcited by 0
  20. 2026PIGEONS: Incremental Long-Video Captioning with Persistent Identity Gallery and Evolving Overarching Narrative Summarycited by 0

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  4. 2024MA-LMM: Memory-Augmented Large Multimodal Model for Long-Term Video Understanding
  5. 2026Modularized Dynamic-Granularity Video LLM for Multi-Event Long Video Understanding
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  7. 2024Visual Context Window Extension: A New Perspective for Long Video Understanding
  8. 2024MaVEn: An Effective Multi-granularity Hybrid Visual Encoding Framework for Multimodal Large Language Model