mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

ConceptMath: A Bilingual Concept-wise Benchmark for Measuring Mathematical Reasoning of Large Language Models

arXiv 2402.14660 ↗First posted 22 Feb 2024cs.CL cs.AIcited by 10

On the map: LLM reasoning → Mathematical reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper introduces ConceptMath, a bilingual (English and Chinese), fine-grained benchmark that evaluates concept-wise mathematical reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike traditional benchmarks that evaluate general mathematical reasoning with an average accuracy, ConceptMath systematically organizes math problems under a hierarchy of math concepts, so that mathematical reasoning can be evaluated at different granularity with concept-wise accuracies. Based on our ConcepthMath, we evaluate a broad range of LLMs, and we observe existing LLMs, though achieving high average accuracies on traditional benchmarks, exhibit significant performance variations across different math concepts and may even fail catastrophically on the most basic ones. Besides, we also introduce an efficient fine-tuning strategy to enhance the weaknesses of existing LLMs. Finally, we hope ConceptMath could guide the developers to understand the fine-grained mathematical abilities of their models and facilitate the growth of foundation models.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Mathematical reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 18 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Feb 2024.

Builds on

18 of 54 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024InternLM-Math: Open Math Large Language Models Toward Verifiable Reasoning9 Feb
  2. 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models5 Feb
  3. 2023OpenWebMath: An Open Dataset of High-Quality Mathematical Web Text10 Oct
  4. 2023WizardMath: Empowering Mathematical Reasoning for Large Language Models via Reinforced Evol-Instruct18 Aug

Other references · 14

  1. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  2. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  3. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
  4. 2023Qwen Technical Reportcited by 3,273
  5. 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 837
  6. 2023MetaMath: Bootstrap Your Own Mathematical Questions for Large Language Modelscited by 724
  7. 2023Baichuan 2: Open Large-scale Language Modelscited by 664
  8. 2023MAmmoTH: Building Math Generalist Models through Hybrid Instruction Tuningcited by 483
  9. 2023Detecting Pretraining Data from Large Language Modelscited by 375
  10. 2023RoleLLM: Benchmarking, Eliciting, and Enhancing Role-Playing Abilities of Large Language Modelscited by 173
  11. 2023MathPile: A Billion-Token-Scale Pretraining Corpus for Mathcited by 67
  12. 2024xCoT: Cross-lingual Instruction Tuning for Cross-lingual Chain-of-Thought Reasoningcited by 46
2 more
  1. 2023OWL: A Large Language Model for IT Operationscited by 43
  2. 2024E^2-LLM: Efficient and Extreme Length Extension of Large Language Modelscited by 11

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 7.

10 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024FineMath: A Fine-Grained Mathematical Evaluation Benchmark for Chinese Large Language Models
  2. 2025Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models: Assessing Logical and Arithmetic Errors across Wide Numerical Ranges
  3. 2025Challenging the Boundaries of Reasoning: An Olympiad-Level Math Benchmark for Large Language Models
  4. 2024Mathador-LM: A Dynamic Benchmark for Mathematical Reasoning on Large Language Models
  5. 2025PolyMath: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning in Multilingual Contexts
  6. 2026Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models: Benchmarks, Architectures, Evaluation, and Open Challenges
  7. 2025Do LLMs Overthink Basic Math Reasoning? Benchmarking the Accuracy-Efficiency Tradeoff in Language Models
  8. 2025Can LLMs textitunderstand Math? -- Exploring the Pitfalls in Mathematical Reasoning