mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

UIPro: Unleashing Superior Interaction Capability For GUI Agents

arXiv 2509.17328 ↗First posted 22 Sep 2025cs.CV cs.HCcited by 4

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → GUI and mobile agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Building autonomous agents that perceive and operate graphical user interfaces (GUIs) like humans has long been a vision in the field of artificial intelligence. Central to these agents is the capability for GUI interaction, which involves GUI understanding and planning capabilities. Existing methods have tried developing GUI agents based on the multi-modal comprehension ability of vision-language models (VLMs). However, the limited scenario, insufficient size, and heterogeneous action spaces hinder the progress of building generalist GUI agents. To resolve these issues, this paper proposes UIPro, a novel generalist GUI agent trained with extensive multi-platform and multi-task GUI interaction data, coupled with a unified action space. We first curate a comprehensive dataset encompassing 20.6 million GUI understanding tasks to pre-train UIPro, granting it a strong GUI grounding capability, which is key to downstream GUI agent tasks. Subsequently, we establish a unified action space to harmonize heterogeneous GUI agent task datasets and produce a merged dataset to foster the action prediction ability of UIPro via continued fine-tuning. Experimental results demonstrate UIPro's superior performance across multiple GUI task benchmarks on various platforms, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in GUI and mobile agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 50 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Sep 2025.

Builds on

50 of 57 references.

Closest ancestors · 11

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agents30 Oct
  2. 2024Navigating the Digital World as Humans Do: Universal Visual Grounding for GUI Agents7 Oct
  3. 2024GUICourse: From General Vision Language Models to Versatile GUI Agents17 Jun
  4. 2024DigiRL: Training In-The-Wild Device-Control Agents with Autonomous Reinforcement Learning14 Jun
  5. 2024On the Effects of Data Scale on UI Control Agents6 Jun
  6. 2024Android in the Zoo: Chain-of-Action-Thought for GUI Agents5 Mar
  7. 2024OmniACT: A Dataset and Benchmark for Enabling Multimodal Generalist Autonomous Agents for Desktop and Web27 Feb
  8. 2024SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agents17 Jan
  9. 2023AppAgent: Multimodal Agents as Smartphone Users21 Dec
  10. 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agents14 Dec
  11. 2023You Only Look at Screens: Multimodal Chain-of-Action Agents20 Sep

Other references · 39

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  2. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  3. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,599
  4. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
  5. 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,498
  6. 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
  7. 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
  8. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
  9. 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Taskscited by 2,565
  10. 2022Emergent Abilities of Large Language Modelscited by 2,512
  11. 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyondcited by 2,224
  12. 2021WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedbackcited by 1,745
27 more
  1. 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agentscited by 1,251
  2. 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Webcited by 1,242
  3. 2016Modeling Context in Referring Expressionscited by 1,063
  4. 2023A Real-World WebAgent with Planning, Long Context Understanding, and Program Synthesiscited by 353
  5. 2023Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Controlcited by 319
  6. 2024Aguvis: Unified Pure Vision Agents for Autonomous GUI Interactioncited by 278
  7. 2024ShowUI: One Vision-Language-Action Model for GUI Visual Agentcited by 232
  8. 2024OmniParser for Pure Vision Based GUI Agentcited by 198
  9. 2023Synapse: Trajectory-as-Exemplar Prompting with Memory for Computer Controlcited by 187
  10. 2020Mapping Natural Language Instructions to Mobile UI Action Sequencescited by 181
  11. 2024WebLINX: Real-World Website Navigation with Multi-Turn Dialoguecited by 180
  12. 2024Ferret-UI: Grounded Mobile UI Understanding with Multimodal LLMscited by 176
  13. 2023Multimodal Web Navigation with Instruction-Finetuned Foundation Modelscited by 160
  14. 2023GPT-4V in Wonderland: Large Multimodal Models for Zero-Shot Smartphone GUI Navigationcited by 137
  15. 2021Screen2Words: Automatic Mobile UI Summarization with Multimodal Learningcited by 120
  16. 2024VisualWebBench: How Far Have Multimodal LLMs Evolved in Web Page Understanding and Grounding?cited by 100
  17. 2024ScreenAI: A Vision-Language Model for UI and Infographics Understandingcited by 98
  18. 2020Widget Captioning: Generating Natural Language Description for Mobile User Interface Elementscited by 95
  19. 2021UIBert: Learning Generic Multimodal Representations for UI Understandingcited by 95
  20. 2024Beyond LLaVA-HD: Diving into High-Resolution Large Multimodal Modelscited by 76
  21. 2023From Pixels to UI Actions: Learning to Follow Instructions via Graphical User Interfacescited by 68
  22. 2022A Dataset for Interactive Vision-Language Navigation with Unknown Command Feasibilitycited by 61
  23. 2023WebUI: A Dataset for Enhancing Visual UI Understanding with Web Semanticscited by 47
  24. 2024Harnessing Webpage UIs for Text-Rich Visual Understandingcited by 28
  25. 2022Towards Better Semantic Understanding of Mobile Interfacescited by 24
  26. 2025AutoGUI: Scaling GUI Grounding with Automatic Functionality Annotations from LLMscited by 19
  27. 2021Wireframe-Based UI Design Search Through Image Autoencodercited by 17

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Breaking the Data Barrier -- Building GUI Agents Through Task Generalization
  2. 2025A Survey on GUI Agents with Foundation Models Enhanced by Reinforcement Learning
  3. 2024TinyClick: Single-Turn Agent for Empowering GUI Automation
  4. 2025ScreenLLM: Stateful Screen Schema for Efficient Action Understanding and Prediction
  5. 2024GUI Agents: A Survey
  6. 2026Learn from Move: the Next Step for GUI Agents
  7. 2025A Survey on (M)LLM-Based GUI Agents
  8. 2025UItron: Foundational GUI Agent with Advanced Perception and Planning