InquireMobile: Teaching VLM-based Mobile Agent to Request Human Assistance via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Embodied and 3D vision-language models
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled mobile agents to perceive and interact with real-world mobile environments based on human instructions. However, the current fully autonomous paradigm poses potential safety risks when model understanding or reasoning capabilities are insufficient. To address this challenge, we first introduce InquireBench, a comprehensive benchmark specifically designed to evaluate mobile agents' capabilities in safe interaction and proactive inquiry with users, encompassing 5 categories and 22 sub-categories, where most existing VLM-based agents demonstrate near-zero performance. In this paper, we aim to develop an interactive system that actively seeks human confirmation at critical decision points. To achieve this, we propose InquireMobile, a novel model inspired by reinforcement learning, featuring a two-stage training strategy and an interactive pre-action reasoning mechanism. Finally, our model achieves an 46.8% improvement in inquiry success rate and the best overall success rate among existing baselines on InquireBench. We will open-source all datasets, models, and evaluation codes to facilitate development in both academia and industry.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and 3D vision-language models, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 29 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Aug 2025.
Builds on
29 of 45 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2025InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasoners19 Apr
- 2025GUI-R1 : A Generalist R1-Style Vision-Language Action Model For GUI Agents14 Apr
- 2025ScreenSpot-Pro: GUI Grounding for Professional High-Resolution Computer Use4 Apr
- 2025Vision-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in Multimodal Large Language Models9 Mar
- 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agents14 Dec
Other references · 24
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
- 2025UI-TARS: Pioneering Automated GUI Interaction with Native Agentscited by 610
- 2024SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agentscited by 567
- 2025Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 513
- 2024AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agentscited by 468
- 2023AppAgent: Multimodal Agents as Smartphone Userscited by 415
- 2024GUIOdyssey: A Comprehensive Dataset for Cross-App GUI Navigation on Mobile Devicescited by 194
- 2025Mobile-Agent-v3: Fundamental Agents for GUI Automationcited by 190
- 2025UI-R1: Enhancing Efficient Action Prediction of GUI Agents by Reinforcement Learningcited by 168
12 more
- 2025R1-Zero's "Aha Moment" in Visual Reasoning on a 2B Non-SFT Modelcited by 165
- 2025Mobile-Agent-E: Self-Evolving Mobile Assistant for Complex Taskscited by 131
- 2024AMEX: Android Multi-annotation Expo Dataset for Mobile GUI Agentscited by 113
- 2024AndroidLab: Training and Systematic Benchmarking of Android Autonomous Agentscited by 107
- 2025GUI-G1: Understanding R1-Zero-Like Training for Visual Grounding in GUI Agentscited by 74
- 2024Understanding the Weakness of Large Language Model Agents within a Complex Android Environmentcited by 60
- 2024Mobile-Bench: An Evaluation Benchmark for LLM-based Mobile Agentscited by 56
- 2025AgentCPM-GUI: Building Mobile-Use Agents with Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 44
- 2023Mobile-Env: Building Qualified Evaluation Benchmarks for LLM-GUI Interactioncited by 36
- 2025OS-Kairos: Adaptive Interaction for MLLM-Powered GUI Agentscited by 25
- 2025MobileSteward: Integrating Multiple App-Oriented Agents with Self-Evolution to Automate Cross-App Instructionscited by 16
- 2025GUI-Robust: A Comprehensive Dataset for Testing GUI Agent Robustness in Real-World Anomaliescited by 15
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
6 papers.
- 2025A Survey of Reinforcement Learning for Large Reasoning Modelscited by 180
- 2025OS-Sentinel: Towards Safety-Enhanced Mobile GUI Agents via Hybrid Validation in Realistic Workflowscited by 19
- 2025Say One Thing, Do Another? Diagnosing Reasoning-Execution Gaps in VLM-Powered Mobile-Use Agentscited by 4
- 2025AndroidLens: Long-latency Evaluation with Nested Sub-targets for Android GUI Agentscited by 2
- 2026GROW: Aligning GRPO with State-Action Modeling for Open-World VLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026Mobile-Aptus: Confidence-Driven Proactive and Robust Interaction in MLLM-based Mobile-Using Agentscited by 0
- 2026Mobile-Aptus: Confidence-Driven Proactive and Robust Interaction in MLLM-based Mobile-Using Agents27 May 2026
- 2026GROW: Aligning GRPO with State-Action Modeling for Open-World VLM Agents18 May 2026
- 2025AndroidLens: Long-latency Evaluation with Nested Sub-targets for Android GUI Agents24 Dec 2025
- 2025OS-Sentinel: Towards Safety-Enhanced Mobile GUI Agents via Hybrid Validation in Realistic Workflows28 Oct 2025
- 2025Say One Thing, Do Another? Diagnosing Reasoning-Execution Gaps in VLM-Powered Mobile-Use Agents2 Oct 2025
- 2025A Survey of Reinforcement Learning for Large Reasoning Models10 Sep 2025
Similar, not cited
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