Beyond the Trade-off: Self-Supervised Reinforcement Learning for Reasoning Models' Instruction Following
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reinforcement learning for reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Reasoning models excel in complex problem solving but exhibit a concerning trade off between reasoning capabilities and instruction following abilities. Existing approaches for improving instruction following rely on stronger external models, creating methodological bottlenecks and practical limitations including increased costs and accessibility constraints. We propose a self-supervised RL framework that leverages reasoning models' own internal signals to improve instruction following capabilities without external supervision. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework significantly improves instruction following capabilities while maintaining reasoning performance, offering a scalable and cost-effective approach to enhance instruction following in reasoning models. The data and code are publicly available at https://github.com/Rainier-rq/verl-if.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reinforcement learning for reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 33 of its 42 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Aug 2025.
Builds on
33 of 42 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2025DAPO: An Open-Source LLM Reinforcement Learning System at Scale18 Mar
- 2025DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning22 Jan
- 2024Tulu 3: Pushing Frontiers in Open Language Model Post-Training22 Nov
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms20 Jul
Other references · 29
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 8,851
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
- 2024Qwen2.5 Technical Reportcited by 4,713
- 2022Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructionscited by 2,674
- 2024LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Modelscited by 1,442
- 2023Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Modelscited by 1,143
- 2022Super-NaturalInstructions: Generalization via Declarative Instructions on 1600+ NLP Taskscited by 858
- 2022FOLIO: Natural Language Reasoning with First-Order Logiccited by 233
- 2025Generalizing Verifiable Instruction Followingcited by 178
- 2025Seed1.5-Thinking: Advancing Superb Reasoning Models with Reinforcement Learningcited by 159
- 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hardcited by 123
- 2023FollowBench: A Multi-level Fine-grained Constraints Following Benchmark for Large Language Modelscited by 112
17 more
- 2025WritingBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Generative Writingcited by 95
- 2024Self-play with Execution Feedback: Improving Instruction-following Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 73
- 2023COLLIE: Systematic Construction of Constrained Text Generation Taskscited by 69
- 2024CFBench: A Comprehensive Constraints-Following Benchmark for LLMscited by 65
- 2025Infinity Instruct: Scaling Instruction Selection and Synthesis to Enhance Language Modelscited by 49
- 2025AGENTIF: Benchmarking Instruction Following of Large Language Models in Agentic Scenarioscited by 44
- 2025VerIF: Verification Engineering for Reinforcement Learning in Instruction Followingcited by 43
- 2024From Complex to Simple: Enhancing Multi-Constraint Complex Instruction Following Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 27
- 2024Conifer: Improving Complex Constrained Instruction-Following Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 26
- 2024SPaR: Self-Play with Tree-Search Refinement to Improve Instruction-Following in Large Language Modelscited by 23
- 2024SciKnowEval: Evaluating Multi-level Scientific Knowledge of Large Language Modelscited by 19
- 2025UltraIF: Advancing Instruction Following from the Wildcited by 18
- 2025Incentivizing Reasoning for Advanced Instruction-Following of Large Language Modelscited by 17
- 2024Stronger Models are NOT Stronger Teachers for Instruction Tuningcited by 16
- 2025Step-by-Step Mastery: Enhancing Soft Constraint Following Ability of Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2024Constraint Back-translation Improves Complex Instruction Following of Large Language Modelscited by 11
- 2025RECAST: Expanding the Boundaries of LLMs' Complex Instruction Following with Multi-Constraint Datacited by 11
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Instructions are all you need: Self-supervised Reinforcement Learning for Instruction Following
- 2025Scaling Reasoning, Losing Control: Evaluating Instruction Following in Large Reasoning Models
- 2026Learning to Stop without Learning to Stop: Self-Supervised Confidence Training Improves Reasoning Efficiency
- 2024RL-STaR: Theoretical Analysis of Reinforcement Learning Frameworks for Self-Taught Reasoner
- 2025RLSR: Reinforcement Learning with Supervised Reward Outperforms SFT in Instruction Following
- 2026Learning to Reason with Curriculum I: Provable Benefits of Autocurriculum
- 2025Can Large Reasoning Models Self-Train?
- 2026ImpRIF: Stronger Implicit Reasoning Leads to Better Complex Instruction Following