mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Code-Switching in End-to-End Automatic Speech Recognition: A Systematic Literature Review

arXiv 2507.07741 ↗First posted 10 Jul 2025cs.CL cs.SD eess.AScited by 4

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Abstract (arXiv)

Motivated by a growing research interest into automatic speech recognition (ASR), and the growing body of work for languages in which code-switching (CS) often occurs, we present a systematic literature review of code-switching in end-to-end ASR models. We collect and manually annotate papers published in peer reviewed venues. We document the languages considered, datasets, metrics, model choices, and performance, and present a discussion of challenges in end-to-end ASR for code-switching. Our analysis thus provides insights on current research efforts and available resources as well as opportunities and gaps to guide future research.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 87 of its 176 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Jul 2025.

Builds on

87 of 176 references.

References · 87

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38 more
  1. 2019Measurement and Fairnesscited by 308
  2. 2022Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning: A Reviewcited by 260
  3. 2016Joint CTC-Attention based End-to-End Speech Recognition using Multi-task Learningcited by 257
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  5. 2023End-to-End Speech Recognition: A Surveycited by 129
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  15. 2020The ASRU 2019 Mandarin-English Code-Switching Speech Recognition Challenge: Open Datasets, Tracks, Methods and Resultscited by 44
  16. 2021ASCEND: A Spontaneous Chinese-English Dataset for Code-switching in Multi-turn Conversationcited by 44
  17. 2023Prompting the Hidden Talent of Web-Scale Speech Models for Zero-Shot Task Generalizationcited by 43
  18. 2021Towards One Model to Rule All: Multilingual Strategy for Dialectal Code-Switching Arabic ASRcited by 41
  19. 2021QASR: QCRI Aljazeera Speech Resource -- A Large Scale Annotated Arabic Speech Corpuscited by 38
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  23. 2020Multi-Encoder-Decoder Transformer for Code-Switching Speech Recognitioncited by 28
  24. 2020Transformer-Transducers for Code-Switched Speech Recognitioncited by 27
  25. 2022End-to-End Speech Translation for Code Switched Speechcited by 26
  26. 2022LAE: Language-Aware Encoder for Monolingual and Multilingual ASRcited by 22
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  28. 2023Enhancing Code-switching Speech Recognition with Interactive Language Biasescited by 21
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  38. 2021Investigations on Speech Recognition Systems for Low-Resource Dialectal Arabic-English Code-Switching Speechcited by 15

50 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 3.

4 papers.

  1. 2025HiKE: Hierarchical Evaluation Framework for Korean-English Code-Switching Speech Recognitioncited by 4
  2. 2026Towards Human-Like Interactive Speech Recognition With Agentic Correction and Semantic Evaluationcited by 2
  3. 2026Contrastive Training with LLM-generated Near-Misses for Robust Code-Switching Speech Recognitioncited by 0
  4. 2026When Multiple Scripts Matter: Evaluating ASR in Clinical Settingscited by 0