mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

STRICT: Stress Test of Rendering Images Containing Text

arXiv 2505.18985 ↗First posted 25 May 2025cs.LG cs.CL cs.CVcited by 7

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

While diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image generation with their ability to synthesize realistic and diverse scenes, they continue to struggle to generate consistent and legible text within images. This shortcoming is commonly attributed to the locality bias inherent in diffusion-based generation, which limits their ability to model long-range spatial dependencies. In this paper, we introduce STRICT, a benchmark designed to systematically stress-test the ability of diffusion models to render coherent and instruction-aligned text in images. Our benchmark evaluates models across multiple dimensions: (1) the maximum length of readable text that can be generated; (2) the correctness and legibility of the generated text, and (3) the ratio of not following instructions for generating text. We evaluate several state-of-the-art models, including proprietary and open-source variants, and reveal persistent limitations in long-range consistency and instruction-following capabilities. Our findings provide insights into architectural bottlenecks and motivate future research directions in multimodal generative modeling. We release our entire evaluation pipeline at https://github.com/tianyu-z/STRICT-Bench.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 32 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 May 2025.

Builds on

32 of 55 references.

Closest ancestors · 13

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025TextInVision: Text and Prompt Complexity Driven Visual Text Generation Benchmark17 Mar
  2. 2024Visual Autoregressive Modeling: Scalable Image Generation via Next-Scale Prediction3 Apr
  3. 2024Refining Text-to-Image Generation: Towards Accurate Training-Free Glyph-Enhanced Image Generation25 Mar
  4. 2023UDiffText: A Unified Framework for High-quality Text Synthesis in Arbitrary Images via Character-aware Diffusion Models8 Dec
  5. 2023TextDiffuser-2: Unleashing the Power of Language Models for Text Rendering28 Nov
  6. 2023AnyText: Multilingual Visual Text Generation And Editing6 Nov
  7. 2023InstructCV: Instruction-Tuned Text-to-Image Diffusion Models as Vision Generalists30 Sep
  8. 2023GlyphControl: Glyph Conditional Control for Visual Text Generation29 May
  9. 2023TextDiffuser: Diffusion Models as Text Painters18 May
  10. 2023Improving Diffusion Models for Scene Text Editing with Dual Encoders12 Apr
  11. 2023Text-to-image Diffusion Models in Generative AI: A Survey14 Mar
  12. 2022eDiff-I: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with an Ensemble of Expert Denoisers2 Nov
1 more
  1. 2022ERNIE-ViLG 2.0: Improving Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Knowledge-Enhanced Mixture-of-Denoising-Experts27 Oct

Other references · 19

  1. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  2. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  3. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,094
  4. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  5. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,231
  6. 2024Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Modelscited by 904
  7. 2020Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning for Speech Recognitioncited by 496
  8. 2023TIFA: Accurate and Interpretable Text-to-Image Faithfulness Evaluation with Question Answeringcited by 416
  9. 2024LLM2Vec: Large Language Models Are Secretly Powerful Text Encoderscited by 396
  10. 2024SEED-X: Multimodal Models with Unified Multi-granularity Comprehension and Generationcited by 328
  11. 2023Unified-IO 2: Scaling Autoregressive Multimodal Models with Vision, Language, Audio, and Actioncited by 301
  12. 2024Long-CLIP: Unlocking the Long-Text Capability of CLIPcited by 298
7 more
  1. 2022Character-Aware Models Improve Visual Text Renderingcited by 90
  2. 2024Glyph-ByT5: A Customized Text Encoder for Accurate Visual Text Renderingcited by 80
  3. 2024AnyText2: Visual Text Generation and Editing With Customizable Attributescited by 48
  4. 2024Glyph-ByT5-v2: A Strong Aesthetic Baseline for Accurate Multilingual Visual Text Renderingcited by 47
  5. 2021Semantic Distance: A New Metric for ASR Performance Analysis Towards Spoken Language Understandingcited by 40
  6. 2024TypeScore: A Text Fidelity Metric for Text-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 4
  7. 2024TextMatch: Enhancing Image-Text Consistency Through Multimodal Optimizationcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 6.

7 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024ARTIST: Improving the Generation of Text-rich Images with Disentangled Diffusion Models and Large Language Models
  2. 2024Visual Text Generation in the Wild
  3. 2024Layout Agnostic Scene Text Image Synthesis with Diffusion Models
  4. 2025Precise Parameter Localization for Textual Generation in Diffusion Models
  5. 2024GenesisTex2: Stable, Consistent and High-Quality Text-to-Texture Generation
  6. 2024Improving Text Generation on Images with Synthetic Captions
  7. 2024Controllable Generation with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models: A Survey
  8. 2026i1: A Simple and Fully Open Recipe for Strong Text-to-Image Models