mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

REPA Works Until It Doesn't: Early-Stopped, Holistic Alignment Supercharges Diffusion Training

arXiv 2505.16792 ↗First posted 22 May 2025cs.CV cs.AIcited by 33

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling

Abstract (arXiv)

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) deliver state-of-the-art image quality, yet their training remains notoriously slow. A recent remedy -- representation alignment (REPA) that matches DiT hidden features to those of a non-generative teacher (e.g. DINO) -- dramatically accelerates the early epochs but plateaus or even degrades performance later. We trace this failure to a capacity mismatch: once the generative student begins modelling the joint data distribution, the teacher's lower-dimensional embeddings and attention patterns become a straitjacket rather than a guide. We then introduce HASTE (Holistic Alignment with Stage-wise Termination for Efficient training), a two-phase schedule that keeps the help and drops the hindrance. Phase I applies a holistic alignment loss that simultaneously distills attention maps (relational priors) and feature projections (semantic anchors) from the teacher into mid-level layers of the DiT, yielding rapid convergence. Phase II then performs one-shot termination that deactivates the alignment loss, once a simple trigger such as a fixed iteration is hit, freeing the DiT to focus on denoising and exploit its generative capacity. HASTE speeds up training of diverse DiTs without architecture changes. On ImageNet 256X256, it reaches the vanilla SiT-XL/2 baseline FID in 50 epochs and matches REPA's best FID in 500 epochs, amounting to a 28X reduction in optimization steps. HASTE also improves text-to-image DiTs on MS-COCO, demonstrating to be a simple yet principled recipe for efficient diffusion training across various tasks. Our code is available at https://github.com/NUS-HPC-AI-Lab/HASTE .

Key facts. Cited by 33 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 49 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 May 2025.

Builds on

49 of 56 references.

Closest ancestors · 25

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025REPA-E: Unlocking VAE for End-to-End Tuning with Latent Diffusion Transformers14 Apr
  2. 2025U-REPA: Aligning Diffusion U-Nets to ViTs24 Mar
  3. 2025SANA 1.5: Efficient Scaling of Training-Time and Inference-Time Compute in Linear Diffusion Transformer30 Jan
  4. 2025TREAD: Token Routing for Efficient Architecture-agnostic Diffusion Training8 Jan
  5. 2025Reconstruction vs. Generation: Taming Optimization Dilemma in Latent Diffusion Models2 Jan
  6. 2024SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformers14 Oct
  7. 2024FasterDiT: Towards Faster Diffusion Transformers Training without Architecture Modification14 Oct
  8. 2024Representation Alignment for Generation: Training Diffusion Transformers Is Easier Than You Think9 Oct
  9. 2024A Closer Look at Time Steps is Worthy of Triple Speed-Up for Diffusion Model Training27 May
  10. 2024Applying Guidance in a Limited Interval Improves Sample and Distribution Quality in Diffusion Models11 Apr
  11. 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis5 Mar
  12. 2024SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers16 Jan
13 more
  1. 2023Analyzing and Improving the Training Dynamics of Diffusion Models5 Dec
  2. 2023Fast Training of Diffusion Models with Masked Transformers15 Jun
  3. 2023MDTv2: Masked Diffusion Transformer is a Strong Image Synthesizer25 Mar
  4. 2023Efficient Diffusion Training via Min-SNR Weighting Strategy16 Mar
  5. 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentation1 Mar
  6. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers19 Dec
  7. 2022All are Worth Words: A ViT Backbone for Diffusion Models25 Sep
  8. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidance26 Jul
  9. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models20 Dec
  10. 2021Soft Truncation: A Universal Training Technique of Score-based Diffusion Model for High Precision Score Estimation10 Jun
  11. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis11 May
  12. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations26 Nov
  13. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun

Other references · 24

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  4. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  5. 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
  6. 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,764
  7. 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
  8. 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,339
  9. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  10. 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,938
  11. 2022Video Diffusion Modelscited by 2,280
  12. 2020Transformers are RNNs: Fast Autoregressive Transformers with Linear Attentioncited by 1,979
12 more
  1. 2020Rethinking Attention with Performerscited by 1,584
  2. 2020Linformer: Self-Attention with Linear Complexitycited by 1,462
  3. 2017Sigmoid-Weighted Linear Units for Neural Network Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learningcited by 935
  4. 2019Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Modelscited by 925
  5. 2024WorldSimBench: Towards Video Generation Models as World Simulatorscited by 867
  6. 2021Generating Images with Sparse Representationscited by 262
  7. 2024DiT4Edit: Diffusion Transformer for Image Editingcited by 100
  8. 2024DiG: Scalable and Efficient Diffusion Models with Gated Linear Attentioncited by 56
  9. 2025Attention Distillation: A Unified Approach to Visual Characteristics Transfercited by 32
  10. 2023TinyMIM: An Empirical Study of Distilling MIM Pre-trained Modelscited by 24
  11. 2024On the Surprising Effectiveness of Attention Transfer for Vision Transformerscited by 16
  12. 2023Do Compressed LLMs Forget Knowledge? An Experimental Study with Practical Implicationscited by 6

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 27.

33 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025What matters for Representation Alignment: Global Information or Spatial Structure?cited by 76
  2. 2026Latent Forcing: Reordering the Diffusion Trajectory for Pixel-Space Image Generationcited by 33
  3. 2025Adapting Self-Supervised Representations as a Latent Space for Efficient Generationcited by 13
  4. 2026Representation Alignment for Just Image Transformers is not Easier than You Thinkcited by 11
  5. 2026Stable Velocity: A Variance Perspective on Flow Matchingcited by 10
  6. 2026SAMA: Factorized Semantic Anchoring and Motion Alignment for Instruction-Guided Video Editingcited by 8
  7. 2025Data Efficient Any Transformer-to-Mamba Distillation via Attention Bridgecited by 4
  8. 2025Sprint: Sparse-Dense Residual Fusion for Efficient Diffusion Transformerscited by 4
  9. 2026TORA: Topological Representation Alignment for 3D Shape Assemblycited by 4
  10. 2025LUMA: Low-Dimension Unified Motion Alignment with Dual-Path Anchoring for Text-to-Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 3
  11. 2026R3DPA: Leveraging 3D Representation Alignment and RGB Pretrained Priors for LiDAR Scene Generationcited by 2
  12. 2026PILD: Physics-Informed Learning via Diffusioncited by 2
21 more
  1. 2026Test-Time Conditioning with Representation-Aligned Visual Featurescited by 2
  2. 2026V-Co: A Closer Look at Visual Representation Alignment via Co-Denoisingcited by 2
  3. 2026Teacher-Feature Drifting: One-Step Diffusion Distillation with Pretrained Diffusion Representationscited by 2
  4. 2026Self-transcendence: Is External Feature Guidance Indispensable for Accelerating Diffusion Transformer Training?cited by 1
  5. 2026AG-REPA: Causal Layer Selection for Representation Alignment in Audio Flow Matchingcited by 1
  6. 2026MaskAlign: Token-Subset Representation Alignment for Efficient Diffusion Trainingcited by 1
  7. 2026ELF-REG: Scaling Continuous Diffusion Language Models to Reasoning Taskscited by 1
  8. 2025Align & Invert: Solving Inverse Problems with Diffusion and Flow-based Models via Representation Alignmentcited by 0
  9. 2026Motif-Video 2B: Technical Reportcited by 0
  10. 2026Generate in Reconstruction Space, Match in Semantic Space: Transport Geometry for One-Step Generationcited by 0
  11. 2026From SRA to Self-Flow: Data Augmentation or Self-Supervision?cited by 0
  12. 2026ReGen: Hierarchical Multi-Prompt Representation Generation for Efficient Waveform Diffusion Modelscited by 0
  13. 2026SQuad: Sub-Quadratic Attention Distillation for Efficient Video Generationcited by 0
  14. 2026What Does Attention Transfer Transfer? Attention Structure and Robustness in Vision Transformerscited by 0
  15. 2026Representation Learning in Diffusion and Flow-based Model: An Application Aspectcited by 0
  16. 2026Revisiting Spectral Representations in Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 0
  17. 2026On the Diffusibility of High-Dimensional Latentscited by 0
  18. 2026What Visual Generators Need from Teachers: Rethinking Representation Alignmentcited by 0
  19. 2026Scaffold Then Internalize: Representation Injection for Diffusion Transformerscited by 0
  20. 2026Persistence Forcing: Exploiting Feature Specialization in Pixel-Space Diffusioncited by 0
  21. 2026PixelDense: Dense Prediction as Representation Alignment for Pixel Diffusioncited by 0

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  1. 2026Beyond Point-Wise Matching: Structural Representation Alignment for Accelerating Diffusion Transformers
  2. 2026Training-Free Representation Guidance for Diffusion Models with a Representation Alignment Projector
  3. 2025No Other Representation Component Is Needed: Diffusion Transformers Can Provide Representation Guidance by Themselves
  4. 2025SARA: Structural and Adversarial Representation Alignment for Training-efficient Diffusion Models
  5. 2026AHPA: Adaptive Hierarchical Prior Alignment for Diffusion Transformers
  6. 2024An Analysis of Human Alignment of Latent Diffusion Models
  7. 2026Representation by Design in Generation: Cross-View Class-Token Alignment in Diffusion Transformers
  8. 2025AlignTok: Aligning Visual Foundation Encoders to Tokenizers for Diffusion Models