mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Bridging Continuous and Discrete Tokens for Autoregressive Visual Generation

arXiv 2503.16430 ↗First posted 20 Mar 2025cs.CVcited by 29

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Abstract (arXiv)

Autoregressive visual generation models typically rely on tokenizers to compress images into tokens that can be predicted sequentially. A fundamental dilemma exists in token representation: discrete tokens enable straightforward modeling with standard cross-entropy loss, but suffer from information loss and tokenizer training instability; continuous tokens better preserve visual details, but require complex distribution modeling, complicating the generation pipeline. In this paper, we propose TokenBridge, which bridges this gap by maintaining the strong representation capacity of continuous tokens while preserving the modeling simplicity of discrete tokens. To achieve this, we decouple discretization from the tokenizer training process through post-training quantization that directly obtains discrete tokens from continuous representations. Specifically, we introduce a dimension-wise quantization strategy that independently discretizes each feature dimension, paired with a lightweight autoregressive prediction mechanism that efficiently model the resulting large token space. Extensive experiments show that our approach achieves reconstruction and generation quality on par with continuous methods while using standard categorical prediction. This work demonstrates that bridging discrete and continuous paradigms can effectively harness the strengths of both approaches, providing a promising direction for high-quality visual generation with simple autoregressive modeling. Project page: https://yuqingwang1029.github.io/TokenBridge.

Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 47 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Mar 2025.

Builds on

47 of 58 references.

References · 47

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  5. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
  6. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 6,054
  7. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
  8. 2017Neural Discrete Representation Learningcited by 4,712
  9. 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,356
  10. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
  11. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,253
  12. 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,970
35 more
  1. 2019Generating Diverse High-Fidelity Images with VQ-VAE-2cited by 1,387
  2. 2022MaskGIT: Masked Generative Image Transformercited by 1,099
  3. 2024Visual Autoregressive Modeling: Scalable Image Generation via Next-Scale Predictioncited by 1,023
  4. 2024Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Modelscited by 927
  5. 2016Pixel Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 816
  6. 2024Emu3: Next-Token Prediction is All You Needcited by 781
  7. 2024Autoregressive Model Beats Diffusion: Llama for Scalable Image Generationcited by 777
  8. 2022Autoregressive Image Generation using Residual Quantizationcited by 722
  9. 2021Vector-quantized Image Modeling with Improved VQGANcited by 658
  10. 2024Autoregressive Image Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 651
  11. 2023Language Model Beats Diffusion -- Tokenizer is Key to Visual Generationcited by 640
  12. 2020Scaling Laws for Autoregressive Generative Modelingcited by 522
  13. 2022All are Worth Words: A ViT Backbone for Diffusion Modelscited by 502
  14. 2023VideoPoet: A Large Language Model for Zero-Shot Video Generationcited by 492
  15. 2022Phenaki: Variable Length Video Generation From Open Domain Textual Descriptioncited by 484
  16. 2023Finite Scalar Quantization: VQ-VAE Made Simplecited by 440
  17. 2017PixelCNN++: Improving the PixelCNN with Discretized Logistic Mixture Likelihood and Other Modificationscited by 417
  18. 2025Reconstruction vs. Generation: Taming Optimization Dilemma in Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 393
  19. 2022MAGVIT: Masked Generative Video Transformercited by 346
  20. 2024Infinity: Scaling Bitwise AutoRegressive Modeling for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 304
  21. 2024An Image is Worth 32 Tokens for Reconstruction and Generationcited by 302
  22. 2023MDTv2: Masked Diffusion Transformer is a Strong Image Synthesizercited by 262
  23. 2021N"UWA: Visual Synthesis Pre-training for Neural visUal World creAtioncited by 253
  24. 2024Deep Compression Autoencoder for Efficient High-Resolution Diffusion Modelscited by 217
  25. 2024Open-MAGVIT2: An Open-Source Project Toward Democratizing Auto-regressive Visual Generationcited by 155
  26. 2024Transparent Image Layer Diffusion using Latent Transparencycited by 114
  27. 2024Image and Video Tokenization with Binary Spherical Quantizationcited by 112
  28. 2024Loong: Generating Minute-level Long Videos with Autoregressive Language Modelscited by 99
  29. 2024RandAR: Decoder-only Autoregressive Visual Generation in Random Orderscited by 83
  30. 2023GIVT: Generative Infinite-Vocabulary Transformerscited by 80
  31. 2024FlowAR: Scale-wise Autoregressive Image Generation Meets Flow Matchingcited by 80
  32. 2024Scaling the Codebook Size of VQGAN to 100,000 with a Utilization Rate of 99%cited by 68
  33. 2024Parallelized Autoregressive Visual Generationcited by 60
  34. 2025Fractal Generative Modelscited by 46
  35. 2024Next Token Prediction Towards Multimodal Intelligence: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 27

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 16; 2026: 13.

29 papers.

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  1. 2025GoT-R1: Unleashing Reasoning Capability of MLLM for Visual Generation with Reinforcement Learningcited by 52
  2. 2025CoMo: Learning Continuous Latent Motion from Internet Videos for Scalable Robot Learningcited by 40
  3. 2025MotionGPT3: Human Motion as a Second Modalitycited by 37
  4. 2025AToken: A Unified Tokenizer for Visioncited by 30
  5. 2025Kronos: A Foundation Model for the Language of Financial Marketscited by 26
  6. 2025TokBench: Evaluating Your Visual Tokenizer before Visual Generationcited by 13
  7. 2025FreqPolicy: Frequency Autoregressive Visuomotor Policy with Continuous Tokenscited by 9
  8. 2026Autoregressive Image Generation with Masked Bit Modelingcited by 9
  9. 2025Discrete Tokenization for Multimodal LLMs: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 8
  10. 2026LatentUM: Unleashing the Potential of Interleaved Cross-Modal Reasoning via a Latent-Space Unified Modelcited by 8
  11. 2025Quantize-then-Rectify: Efficient VQ-VAE Trainingcited by 7
  12. 2025Soft-Di[M]O: Improving One-Step Discrete Image Generation with Soft Embeddingscited by 6
17 more
  1. 2025PosterCopilot: Toward Layout Reasoning and Controllable Editing for Professional Graphic Designcited by 6
  2. 2026BitDance: Scaling Autoregressive Generative Models with Binary Tokenscited by 4
  3. 2025ClusterMark: Towards Robust Watermarking for Autoregressive Image Generators with Visual Token Clusteringcited by 3
  4. 2026STARFlow2: Bridging Language Models and Normalizing Flows for Unified Multimodal Generationcited by 2
  5. 2026Knowledge Distillation for Visual Autoregressive Modelscited by 2
  6. 2025multivariateGPT: a decoder-only transformer for multivariate categorical and numeric datacited by 1
  7. 2025LSRS: Latent Scale Rejection Sampling for Visual Autoregressive Modelingcited by 1
  8. 2025Training-Free Vector Quantization via Gaussian VAEscited by 1
  9. 2026VP-VAE: Rethinking Vector Quantization via Adaptive Vector Perturbationcited by 1
  10. 2026Cubic Discrete Diffusion: Discrete Visual Generation on High-Dimensional Representation Tokenscited by 1
  11. 2026On the Robustness of Watermarking for Autoregressive Image Generationcited by 1
  12. 2025DiverseVAR: Balancing Diversity and Quality of Next-Scale Visual Autoregressive Modelscited by 0
  13. 2026High-Fidelity Text-to-Image Generation from Pre-Trained Vision-Language Models via Distribution-Conditioned Diffusion Decodingcited by 0
  14. 2026Continuous First, Discrete Later: VQ-VAEs Without Dimensional Collapsecited by 0
  15. 2026MergeTok: Unified Continuous and Discrete Visual Tokenization via Token Mergingcited by 0
  16. 2026NSVQ: Mitigating Codebook Collapse by Stabilizing Encoder Drift in Vector Quantizationcited by 0
  17. 2026Attribute Token Arithmetic: Disentangled and Continuous Semantic Control for Visual Autoregressive Modelscited by 0

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2025Beyond Next-Token: Next-X Prediction for Autoregressive Visual Generation
  2. 2024ImageFolder: Autoregressive Image Generation with Folded Tokens
  3. 2025Rethinking Discrete Tokens: Treating Them as Conditions for Continuous Autoregressive Image Synthesis
  4. 2025Vision Foundation Models as Effective Visual Tokenizers for Autoregressive Image Generation
  5. 2025REAR: Rethinking Visual Autoregressive Models via Generator-Tokenizer Consistency Regularization
  6. 2025D2C: Unlocking the Potential of Continuous Autoregressive Image Generation with Discrete Tokens
  7. 2026GEAR: Guided End-to-End AutoRegression for Image Synthesis
  8. 2025UniTok: A Unified Tokenizer for Visual Generation and Understanding