mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Cyber-Physical Systems Security: A Comprehensive Review of Anomaly Detection Techniques

arXiv 2502.13256 ↗First posted 18 Feb 2025cs.CR cs.AIcited by 4

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Abstract (arXiv)

In an increasingly interconnected world, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are essential to critical industries like healthcare, transportation, and manufacturing, merging physical processes with computational intelligence. However, the security of these systems is a major concern. Anomalies, whether from sensor malfunctions or cyberattacks, can lead to catastrophic failures, making effective detection vital for preventing harm and service disruptions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of anomaly detection techniques in CPS. We categorize and compare various methods, including data-driven approaches (machine learning, deep learning, machine learning-deep learning ensemble), model-driven approaches (mathematical, invariant-based), hybrid datamodel approaches (Physics-Informed Neural Networks), and system-oriented approaches. Our analysis highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each technique, offering a practical guide for creating safer and more reliable systems. By identifying current research gaps, we aim to inspire future work that will enhance the security and adaptability of CPS in our automated world.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 226 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Feb 2025.

Builds on

33 of 226 references.

References · 33

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21 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 4.

4 papers.

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