A Survey on Human-Centric LLMs
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Abstract (arXiv)
The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) and their capacity to simulate human cognition and behavior has given rise to LLM-based frameworks and tools that are evaluated and applied based on their ability to perform tasks traditionally performed by humans, namely those involving cognition, decision-making, and social interaction. This survey provides a comprehensive examination of such human-centric LLM capabilities, focusing on their performance in both individual tasks (where an LLM acts as a stand-in for a single human) and collective tasks (where multiple LLMs coordinate to mimic group dynamics). We first evaluate LLM competencies across key areas including reasoning, perception, and social cognition, comparing their abilities to human-like skills. Then, we explore real-world applications of LLMs in human-centric domains such as behavioral science, political science, and sociology, assessing their effectiveness in replicating human behaviors and interactions. Finally, we identify challenges and future research directions, such as improving LLM adaptability, emotional intelligence, and cultural sensitivity, while addressing inherent biases and enhancing frameworks for human-AI collaboration. This survey aims to provide a foundational understanding of LLMs from a human-centric perspective, offering insights into their current capabilities and potential for future development.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 110 of its 171 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Nov 2024.
Builds on
110 of 171 references.
References · 110
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38 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 6.
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- 2025LLM Post-Training: A Deep Dive into Reasoning Large Language Modelscited by 135
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2026Generative AI collective behavior needs an interactionist paradigmcited by 6
- 2025LLM-Explorer: A Plug-in Reinforcement Learning Policy Exploration Enhancement Driven by Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025A Novel, Human-in-the-Loop Computational Grounded Theory Framework for Big Social Datacited by 2
- 2026LLM-Augmented Semantic Steering of Text Embedding Projection Spacescited by 1
- 2026Metacognition in LLMs: Foundations, Progress, and Opportunitiescited by 1
- 2025Open-Set Living Need Prediction with Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2025Collaborative LLM Agents for C4 Software Architecture Design Automationcited by 0
- 2025On the Role of Contextual Information and Ego States in LLM Agent Behavior for Transactional Analysis Dialoguescited by 0
- 2026To Generate or Discriminate? Methodological Considerations for Measuring Cultural Alignment in LLMscited by 0
- 2026Facial-Expression-Aware Prompting for Empathetic LLM Tutoringcited by 0
1 more
- 2026Metacognition in LLMs: Foundations, Progress, and Opportunities13 Jul 2026
- 2026Teaching Values to Machines: Simulating Human-Like Behavior in LLMs28 May 2026
- 2026LLM-Augmented Semantic Steering of Text Embedding Projection Spaces3 May 2026
- 2026Facial-Expression-Aware Prompting for Empathetic LLM Tutoring10 Mar 2026
- 2026Generative AI collective behavior needs an interactionist paradigm15 Jan 2026
- 2026To Generate or Discriminate? Methodological Considerations for Measuring Cultural Alignment in LLMs6 Jan 2026
- 2025On the Role of Contextual Information and Ego States in LLM Agent Behavior for Transactional Analysis Dialogues18 Dec 2025
- 2025Collaborative LLM Agents for C4 Software Architecture Design Automation26 Oct 2025
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Models30 Sep 2025
- 2025A Novel, Human-in-the-Loop Computational Grounded Theory Framework for Big Social Data6 Jun 2025
- 2025Open-Set Living Need Prediction with Large Language Models3 Jun 2025
- 2025LLM-Explorer: A Plug-in Reinforcement Learning Policy Exploration Enhancement Driven by Large Language Models21 May 2025
1 more
- 2026Generative AI collective behavior needs an interactionist paradigmcited by 6
- 2025LLM-Explorer: A Plug-in Reinforcement Learning Policy Exploration Enhancement Driven by Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025A Novel, Human-in-the-Loop Computational Grounded Theory Framework for Big Social Datacited by 2
- 2026LLM-Augmented Semantic Steering of Text Embedding Projection Spacescited by 1
- 2026Metacognition in LLMs: Foundations, Progress, and Opportunitiescited by 1
- 2026To Generate or Discriminate? Methodological Considerations for Measuring Cultural Alignment in LLMscited by 0
- 2026Facial-Expression-Aware Prompting for Empathetic LLM Tutoringcited by 0
- 2026Teaching Values to Machines: Simulating Human-Like Behavior in LLMscited by 0
- 2026Metacognition in LLMs: Foundations, Progress, and Opportunities13 Jul 2026
- 2026Teaching Values to Machines: Simulating Human-Like Behavior in LLMs28 May 2026
- 2026LLM-Augmented Semantic Steering of Text Embedding Projection Spaces3 May 2026
- 2026Facial-Expression-Aware Prompting for Empathetic LLM Tutoring10 Mar 2026
- 2026Generative AI collective behavior needs an interactionist paradigm15 Jan 2026
- 2026To Generate or Discriminate? Methodological Considerations for Measuring Cultural Alignment in LLMs6 Jan 2026
- 2025A Novel, Human-in-the-Loop Computational Grounded Theory Framework for Big Social Data6 Jun 2025
- 2025LLM-Explorer: A Plug-in Reinforcement Learning Policy Exploration Enhancement Driven by Large Language Models21 May 2025