mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

A Review on Generative AI Models for Synthetic Medical Text, Time Series, and Longitudinal Data

arXiv 2411.12274 ↗First posted 19 Nov 2024cs.LG cs.CLcited by 10

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Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents the results of a novel scoping review on the practical models for generating three different types of synthetic health records (SHRs): medical text, time series, and longitudinal data. The innovative aspects of the review, which incorporate study objectives, data modality, and research methodology of the reviewed studies, uncover the importance and the scope of the topic for the digital medicine context. In total, 52 publications met the eligibility criteria for generating medical time series (22), longitudinal data (17), and medical text (13). Privacy preservation was found to be the main research objective of the studied papers, along with class imbalance, data scarcity, and data imputation as the other objectives. The adversarial network-based, probabilistic, and large language models exhibited superiority for generating synthetic longitudinal data, time series, and medical texts, respectively. Finding a reliable performance measure to quantify SHR re-identification risk is the major research gap of the topic.

Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 127 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Nov 2024.

Builds on

28 of 127 references.

References · 28

  1. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,459
  2. 2020The Pile: An 800GB Dataset of Diverse Text for Language Modelingcited by 2,411
  3. 2022Towards Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 596
  4. 2018Texygen: A Benchmarking Platform for Text Generation Modelscited by 491
  5. 2018The UCR Time Series Archivecited by 431
  6. 2017Generating Multi-label Discrete Patient Records using Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 197
  7. 2021How Faithful is your Synthetic Data? Sample-level Metrics for Evaluating and Auditing Generative Modelscited by 196
  8. 2023A Study of Generative Large Language Model for Medical Research and Healthcarecited by 163
  9. 2023Large Language Models to Identify Social Determinants of Health in Electronic Health Recordscited by 55
  10. 2016UniMiB SHAR: a new dataset for human activity recognition using acceleration data from smartphonescited by 54
  11. 2021Generating Synthetic Mixed-type Longitudinal Electronic Health Records for Artificial Intelligent Applicationscited by 47
  12. 2022TTS-GAN: A Transformer-based Time-Series Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 41
16 more
  1. 2021HiRID-ICU-Benchmark -- A Comprehensive Machine Learning Benchmark on High-resolution ICU Datacited by 39
  2. 2023Diffusion-based Conditional ECG Generation with Structured State Space Modelscited by 36
  3. 2021Neural Natural Language Processing for Unstructured Data in Electronic Health Records: a Reviewcited by 35
  4. 2023AutoML in the Age of Large Language Models: Current Challenges, Future Opportunities and Riskscited by 35
  5. 2023Foundation Metrics for Evaluating Effectiveness of Healthcare Conversations Powered by Generative AIcited by 32
  6. 2023Beyond Privacy: Navigating the Opportunities and Challenges of Synthetic Datacited by 29
  7. 2018Natural Language Generation for Electronic Health Recordscited by 27
  8. 2022PromptEHR: Conditional Electronic Healthcare Records Generation with Prompt Learningcited by 22
  9. 2022Conditional Generation of Medical Time Series for Extrapolation to Underrepresented Populationscited by 14
  10. 2022A review of Generative Adversarial Networks for Electronic Health Records: applications, evaluation measures and data sourcescited by 13
  11. 2023Artificial intelligence in digital pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracycited by 9
  12. 2023A Comprehensive Survey on Generative Diffusion Models for Structured Datacited by 8
  13. 2019Augmenting Physiological Time Series Data: A Case Study for Sleep Apnea Detectioncited by 4
  14. 2021Synthesizing time-series wound prognosis factors from electronic medical records using generative adversarial networkscited by 3
  15. 2021ECG synthesis with Neural ODE and GAN modelscited by 1
  16. 2023Accurate Detection of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation with Certified-GAN and Neural Architecture Searchcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 3; 2026: 6.

10 papers.

  1. 2025A Scoping Review of Synthetic Data Generation by Language Models in Biomedical Research and Application: Data Utility and Quality Perspectivescited by 3
  2. 2026Diffusion models recover accurate mixture weights despite score function insensitivitycited by 3
  3. 2024Using matrix-product states for time-series machine learningcited by 2
  4. 2025PersonaBOT: Bringing Customer Personas to Life with LLMs and RAGcited by 2
  5. 2025Diffusion-Based Electrocardiography Noise Quantification via Anomaly Detectioncited by 1
  6. 2026Longitudinal NSCLC Treatment Progression via Multimodal Generative Modelscited by 0
  7. 2026Democratising Clinical AI through Dataset Condensation for Classical Clinical Modelscited by 0
  8. 2026ESL-Bench: An Event-Driven Synthetic Longitudinal Benchmark for Health Agentscited by 0
  9. 2026Clinical Communication Processing with Models Trained on LLM-Generated Synthetic Data: A Structured Survey and Novel Application Case Studiescited by 0
  10. 2026Large language models in medical time series analysiscited by 0