mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Public Domain 12M: A Highly Aesthetic Image-Text Dataset with Novel Governance Mechanisms

arXiv 2410.23144 ↗First posted 30 Oct 2024cs.AIcited by 15

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present Public Domain 12M (PD12M), a dataset of 12.4 million high-quality public domain and CC0-licensed images with synthetic captions, designed for training text-to-image models. PD12M is the largest public domain image-text dataset to date, with sufficient size to train foundation models while minimizing copyright concerns. Through the Source.Plus platform, we also introduce novel, community-driven dataset governance mechanisms that reduce harm and support reproducibility over time.

Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 73 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Oct 2024.

Builds on

33 of 73 references.

References · 33

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
  3. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,585
  4. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
  5. 2020Extracting Training Data from Large Language Modelscited by 2,189
  6. 2021LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairscited by 1,555
  7. 2018Datasheets for Datasetscited by 1,386
  8. 2019Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpuscited by 1,384
  9. 2018Model Cards for Model Reportingcited by 1,080
  10. 2018The Secret Sharer: Evaluating and Testing Unintended Memorization in Neural Networkscited by 864
  11. 2023PixArt-α: Fast Training of Diffusion Transformer for Photorealistic Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 864
  12. 2023DataComp: In search of the next generation of multimodal datasetscited by 644
21 more
  1. 2023Florence-2: Advancing a Unified Representation for a Variety of Vision Taskscited by 410
  2. 2018Detecting and Correcting for Label Shift with Black Box Predictorscited by 366
  3. 2024SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformerscited by 340
  4. 2021Multimodal datasets: misogyny, pornography, and malignant stereotypescited by 327
  5. 2020Improving Reproducibility in Machine Learning Research (A Report from the NeurIPS 2019 Reproducibility Program)cited by 322
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  7. 2018Failing Loudly: An Empirical Study of Methods for Detecting Dataset Shiftcited by 243
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  14. 2023The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AIcited by 73
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  16. 2024Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commonscited by 46
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  19. 2023On Hate Scaling Laws For Data-Swampscited by 28
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 11; 2026: 4.

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