Opportunities and Challenges of Generative-AI in Finance
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Gen-AI techniques are able to improve understanding of context and nuances in language modeling, translation between languages, handle large volumes of data, provide fast, low-latency responses and can be fine-tuned for various tasks and domains. In this manuscript, we present a comprehensive overview of the applications of Gen-AI techniques in the finance domain. In particular, we present the opportunities and challenges associated with the usage of Gen-AI techniques. We also illustrate the various methodologies which can be used to train Gen-AI techniques and present the various application areas of Gen-AI technologies in the finance ecosystem. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the most comprehensive summarization of Gen-AI techniques within the financial domain. The analysis is designed for a deep overview of areas marked for substantial advancement while simultaneously pin-point those warranting future prioritization. We also hope that this work would serve as a conduit between finance and other domains, thus fostering the cross-pollination of innovative concepts and practices.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 59 of its 112 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Oct 2024.
Builds on
59 of 112 references.
References · 59
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
- 2016XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting Systemcited by 5,120
- 2021The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuningcited by 3,769
- 2022BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Modelcited by 1,968
- 2022Scaling Autoregressive Models for Content-Rich Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,287
38 more
- 2023AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM Compression and Accelerationcited by 1,234
- 2021EfficientNetV2: Smaller Models and Faster Trainingcited by 1,127
- 2022In-context Learning and Induction Headscited by 930
- 2020On Faithfulness and Factuality in Abstractive Summarizationcited by 895
- 2022Few-Shot Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning is Better and Cheaper than In-Context Learningcited by 886
- 2021Are NLP Models really able to Solve Simple Math Word Problems?cited by 861
- 2021A Survey of Quantization Methods for Efficient Neural Network Inferencecited by 798
- 2023LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attentioncited by 776
- 2021FinQA: A Dataset of Numerical Reasoning over Financial Datacited by 552
- 2024Taming Throughput-Latency Tradeoff in LLM Inference with Sarathi-Servecited by 507
- 2024Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 506
- 2021A White Paper on Neural Network Quantizationcited by 453
- 2023Harnessing the Power of LLMs in Practice: A Survey on ChatGPT and Beyondcited by 409
- 2024Hallucination is Inevitable: An Innate Limitation of Large Language Modelscited by 329
- 2021Parameter-efficient Multi-task Fine-tuning for Transformers via Shared Hypernetworkscited by 278
- 2023FinanceBench: A New Benchmark for Financial Question Answeringcited by 261
- 2023Large Language Models in Finance: A Surveycited by 223
- 2022ConvFinQA: Exploring the Chain of Numerical Reasoning in Conversational Finance Question Answeringcited by 194
- 2024SaulLM-7B: A pioneering Large Language Model for Lawcited by 136
- 2023Can ChatGPT Forecast Stock Price Movements? Return Predictability and Large Language Modelscited by 125
- 2023DocLLM: A layout-aware generative language model for multimodal document understandingcited by 112
- 2024Revolutionizing Finance with LLMs: An Overview of Applications and Insightscited by 88
- 2022Learning from Few Examples: A Summary of Approaches to Few-Shot Learningcited by 86
- 2021AI in Finance: Challenges, Techniques and Opportunitiescited by 81
- 2024ServerlessLLM: Low-Latency Serverless Inference for Large Language Modelscited by 78
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models in Finance (FinLLMs)cited by 77
- 2023Are ChatGPT and GPT-4 General-Purpose Solvers for Financial Text Analytics? A Study on Several Typical Taskscited by 59
- 2023Right to be Forgotten in the Era of Large Language Models: Implications, Challenges, and Solutionscited by 59
- 2013Estimating or Propagating Gradients Through Stochastic Neuronscited by 54
- 2024Understanding the Performance and Estimating the Cost of LLM Fine-Tuningcited by 48
- 2023Summarization is (Almost) Deadcited by 43
- 2024Can Large Language Models Beat Wall Street? Unveiling the Potential of AI in Stock Selectioncited by 29
- 2024Fine Tuning LLM for Enterprise: Practical Guidelines and Recommendationscited by 28
- 2023Synthetic Data Applications in Financecited by 21
- 2023End-to-end Task-oriented Dialogue: A Survey of Tasks, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 17
- 2024StockGPT: A GenAI Model for Stock Prediction and Tradingcited by 11
- 2024CEBench: A Benchmarking Toolkit for the Cost-Effectiveness of LLM Pipelinescited by 11
- 2024Leveraging Large Language Models for Preliminary Security Risk Analysis: A Mission-Critical Case Studycited by 10
50 most cited of 59 All 59 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 5; 2026: 1.
6 papers.
- 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMscited by 24
- 2025A Cost-Benefit Analysis of On-Premise Large Language Model Deployment: Breaking Even with Commercial LLM Servicescited by 15
- 2025Standard Benchmarks Fail -- Auditing LLM Agents in Finance Must Prioritize Riskcited by 13
- 2025Advancing Financial Engineering with Foundation Models: Progress, Applications, and Challengescited by 4
- 2026Simulating Complex Multi-Turn Tool Calling Interactions in Stateless Execution Environmentscited by 3
- 2025Banking Done Right: Redefining Retail Banking with Language-Centric AIcited by 1
- 2026Simulating Complex Multi-Turn Tool Calling Interactions in Stateless Execution Environments6 Jan 2026
- 2025Banking Done Right: Redefining Retail Banking with Language-Centric AI9 Oct 2025
- 2025A Cost-Benefit Analysis of On-Premise Large Language Model Deployment: Breaking Even with Commercial LLM Services30 Aug 2025
- 2025Advancing Financial Engineering with Foundation Models: Progress, Applications, and Challenges7 Jul 2025
- 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMs6 Jun 2025
- 2025Standard Benchmarks Fail -- Auditing LLM Agents in Finance Must Prioritize Risk21 Feb 2025