URIEL+: Enhancing Linguistic Inclusion and Usability in a Typological and Multilingual Knowledge Base
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Abstract (arXiv)
URIEL is a knowledge base offering geographical, phylogenetic, and typological vector representations for 7970 languages. It includes distance measures between these vectors for 4005 languages, which are accessible via the lang2vec tool. Despite being frequently cited, URIEL is limited in terms of linguistic inclusion and overall usability. To tackle these challenges, we introduce URIEL+, an enhanced version of URIEL and lang2vec that addresses these limitations. In addition to expanding typological feature coverage for 2898 languages, URIEL+ improves the user experience with robust, customizable distance calculations to better suit the needs of users. These upgrades also offer competitive performance on downstream tasks and provide distances that better align with linguistic distance studies.
Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Sep 2024.
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25 of 61 references.
References · 25
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,907
- 2022No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translationcited by 1,290
- 2020The State and Fate of Linguistic Diversity and Inclusion in the NLP Worldcited by 789
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- 2019Choosing Transfer Languages for Cross-Lingual Learningcited by 143
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- 2021A Statistical Analysis of Summarization Evaluation Metrics using Resampling Methodscited by 71
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13 more
- 2021Many-to-English Machine Translation Tools, Data, and Pretrained Modelscited by 31
- 2023MasakhaNEWS: News Topic Classification for African languagescited by 30
- 2019Massively Multilingual Adversarial Speech Recognitioncited by 28
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 10; 2026: 11.
21 papers.
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- 2025ATLAS: Adaptive Transfer Scaling Laws for Multilingual Pretraining, Finetuning, and Decoding the Curse of Multilingualitycited by 19
- 2025Analyzing the Effect of Linguistic Similarity on Cross-Lingual Transfer: Tasks and Experimental Setups Mattercited by 10
- 2025Untangling the Influence of Typology, Data and Model Architecture on Ranking Transfer Languages for Cross-Lingual POS Taggingcited by 9
- 2025TTSDS2: Resources and Benchmark for Evaluating Human-Quality Text to Speech Systemscited by 7
- 2025Modality Matching Matters: Calibrating Language Distances for Cross-Lingual Transfer in URIEL+cited by 3
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similaritiescited by 2
- 2025Simple Additions, Substantial Gains: Expanding Scripts, Languages, and Lineage Coverage in URIEL+cited by 2
- 2025Is Multilingual LLM Watermarking Truly Multilingual? Scaling Robustness to 100+ Languages via Back-Translationcited by 1
- 2026Typologically Informed Parameter Aggregationcited by 1
- 2026Assessing the Impact of Typological Features on Multilingual Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2025Entropy2Vec: Crosslingual Language Modeling Entropy as End-to-End Learnable Language Representationscited by 0
- 2025textscCantoNLU: A benchmark for Cantonese natural language understandingcited by 0
9 more
- 2026Multilinguality of Large Language Models From a Structural Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026Pluralis v0.1: Towards a Multicultural, Multimodal, Multilingual Benchmark for AI Risk and Reliabilitycited by 0
- 2026MoLGE: Mixture of Language Group Experts for Efficient Scaling of Massively Multilingual Speech Recognitioncited by 0
- 2026Left-Branching Transformers Excel at Right-Branching Languages: Data Shapes Word Order Preferences in Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Language Proficiency Assessment from Eye Movements in Naturalistic Passage Readingcited by 0
- 2026Typological Feature Prediction with Large Language Models: An In-Context Learning Approachcited by 0
- 2026Self-Supervised Lexical Representation Learning for Fast, Large-Scale Phylogenetic Inferencecited by 0
- 2026Language Distances are Practical for Equitable Cross-Lingual Transfercited by 0
- 2026Cross-Linguistic Effects in Bilingual Phoneme BabyLMscited by 0
- 2026Cross-Linguistic Effects in Bilingual Phoneme BabyLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Distances are Practical for Equitable Cross-Lingual Transfer26 Sep 2026
- 2026Self-Supervised Lexical Representation Learning for Fast, Large-Scale Phylogenetic Inference4 Sep 2026
- 2026Typological Feature Prediction with Large Language Models: An In-Context Learning Approach3 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Proficiency Assessment from Eye Movements in Naturalistic Passage Reading31 Aug 2026
- 2026Left-Branching Transformers Excel at Right-Branching Languages: Data Shapes Word Order Preferences in Language Models15 Aug 2026
- 2026MoLGE: Mixture of Language Group Experts for Efficient Scaling of Massively Multilingual Speech Recognition27 Jul 2026
- 2026Pluralis v0.1: Towards a Multicultural, Multimodal, Multilingual Benchmark for AI Risk and Reliability7 Jul 2026
- 2026Multilinguality of Large Language Models From a Structural Perspective1 Jun 2026
- 2026Assessing the Impact of Typological Features on Multilingual Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Models3 Feb 2026
- 2026Typologically Informed Parameter Aggregation23 Jan 2026
- 2025Simple Additions, Substantial Gains: Expanding Scripts, Languages, and Lineage Coverage in URIEL+31 Oct 2025
9 more
- 2025ATLAS: Adaptive Transfer Scaling Laws for Multilingual Pretraining, Finetuning, and Decoding the Curse of Multilinguality24 Oct 2025
- 2025textscCantoNLU: A benchmark for Cantonese natural language understanding23 Oct 2025
- 2025Modality Matching Matters: Calibrating Language Distances for Cross-Lingual Transfer in URIEL+22 Oct 2025
- 2025Is Multilingual LLM Watermarking Truly Multilingual? Scaling Robustness to 100+ Languages via Back-Translation20 Oct 2025
- 2025Entropy2Vec: Crosslingual Language Modeling Entropy as End-to-End Learnable Language Representations5 Sep 2025
- 2025TTSDS2: Resources and Benchmark for Evaluating Human-Quality Text to Speech Systems24 Jun 2025
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similarities21 May 2025
- 2025Untangling the Influence of Typology, Data and Model Architecture on Ranking Transfer Languages for Cross-Lingual POS Tagging25 Mar 2025
- 2025Analyzing the Effect of Linguistic Similarity on Cross-Lingual Transfer: Tasks and Experimental Setups Matter24 Jan 2025
- 2025ATLAS: Adaptive Transfer Scaling Laws for Multilingual Pretraining, Finetuning, and Decoding the Curse of Multilingualitycited by 19
- 2025Analyzing the Effect of Linguistic Similarity on Cross-Lingual Transfer: Tasks and Experimental Setups Mattercited by 10
- 2025Untangling the Influence of Typology, Data and Model Architecture on Ranking Transfer Languages for Cross-Lingual POS Taggingcited by 9
- 2025TTSDS2: Resources and Benchmark for Evaluating Human-Quality Text to Speech Systemscited by 7
- 2025Modality Matching Matters: Calibrating Language Distances for Cross-Lingual Transfer in URIEL+cited by 3
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similaritiescited by 2
- 2025Simple Additions, Substantial Gains: Expanding Scripts, Languages, and Lineage Coverage in URIEL+cited by 2
- 2026Typologically Informed Parameter Aggregationcited by 1
- 2026Assessing the Impact of Typological Features on Multilingual Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2025Entropy2Vec: Crosslingual Language Modeling Entropy as End-to-End Learnable Language Representationscited by 0
- 2025textscCantoNLU: A benchmark for Cantonese natural language understandingcited by 0
- 2026Multilinguality of Large Language Models From a Structural Perspectivecited by 0
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026Cross-Linguistic Effects in Bilingual Phoneme BabyLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Distances are Practical for Equitable Cross-Lingual Transfer26 Sep 2026
- 2026Self-Supervised Lexical Representation Learning for Fast, Large-Scale Phylogenetic Inference4 Sep 2026
- 2026Typological Feature Prediction with Large Language Models: An In-Context Learning Approach3 Sep 2026
- 2026Language Proficiency Assessment from Eye Movements in Naturalistic Passage Reading31 Aug 2026
- 2026Left-Branching Transformers Excel at Right-Branching Languages: Data Shapes Word Order Preferences in Language Models15 Aug 2026
- 2026Multilinguality of Large Language Models From a Structural Perspective1 Jun 2026
- 2026Assessing the Impact of Typological Features on Multilingual Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Models3 Feb 2026
- 2026Typologically Informed Parameter Aggregation23 Jan 2026
- 2025Simple Additions, Substantial Gains: Expanding Scripts, Languages, and Lineage Coverage in URIEL+31 Oct 2025
- 2025ATLAS: Adaptive Transfer Scaling Laws for Multilingual Pretraining, Finetuning, and Decoding the Curse of Multilinguality24 Oct 2025
- 2025textscCantoNLU: A benchmark for Cantonese natural language understanding23 Oct 2025
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)