Towards Leveraging Large Language Models for Automated Medical Q&A Evaluation
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper explores the potential of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the evaluation of responses in medical Question and Answer (Q&A) systems, a crucial form of Natural Language Processing. Traditionally, human evaluation has been indispensable for assessing the quality of these responses. However, manual evaluation by medical professionals is time-consuming and costly. Our study examines whether LLMs can reliably replicate human evaluations by using questions derived from patient data, thereby saving valuable time for medical experts. While the findings suggest promising results, further research is needed to address more specific or complex questions that were beyond the scope of this initial investigation.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 1 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Sep 2024.
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- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 4; 2026: 8.
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- 2024LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methodscited by 451
- 2025ReasonMed: A 370K Multi-Agent Generated Dataset for Advancing Medical Reasoningcited by 26
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedbackcited by 14
- 2026Pervasive Annotation Errors Break Text-to-SQL Benchmarks and Leaderboardscited by 12
- 2026Same Verdict, Different Reasons: LLM-as-a-Judge and Clinician Disagreement on Medical Chatbot Completenesscited by 3
- 2026Who Judges the Judge? Evaluating LLM-as-a-Judge for French Medical open-ended QAcited by 2
- 2026Developing and evaluating a chatbot to support maternal health carecited by 2
- 2026Semantic Needles in Document Haystacks: Sensitivity Testing of LLM-as-a-Judge Similarity Scoringcited by 2
- 2025ClinBench-HPB: A Clinical Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseasescited by 1
- 2025The Biased Oracle: Assessing LLMs' Understandability and Empathy in Medical Diagnosescited by 1
- 2026How Uncertain Is the Grade? A Benchmark of Uncertainty Metrics for LLM-Based Automatic Assessmentcited by 1
- 2026COGTRL: Training LLMs for Scientific Discovery Assistance using Cognitive Traces via Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026COGTRL: Training LLMs for Scientific Discovery Assistance using Cognitive Traces via Reinforcement Learning31 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic Needles in Document Haystacks: Sensitivity Testing of LLM-as-a-Judge Similarity Scoring20 Apr 2026
- 2026Same Verdict, Different Reasons: LLM-as-a-Judge and Clinician Disagreement on Medical Chatbot Completeness26 Mar 2026
- 2026Developing and evaluating a chatbot to support maternal health care13 Mar 2026
- 2026Who Judges the Judge? Evaluating LLM-as-a-Judge for French Medical open-ended QA4 Mar 2026
- 2026How Uncertain Is the Grade? A Benchmark of Uncertainty Metrics for LLM-Based Automatic Assessment17 Feb 2026
- 2026How Much Would a Clinician Edit This Draft? Evaluating LLM Alignment for Patient Message Response Drafting16 Jan 2026
- 2026Pervasive Annotation Errors Break Text-to-SQL Benchmarks and Leaderboards13 Jan 2026
- 2025The Biased Oracle: Assessing LLMs' Understandability and Empathy in Medical Diagnoses2 Nov 2025
- 2025LaQual: An Automated Framework for LLM App Quality Evaluation26 Aug 2025
- 2025ReasonMed: A 370K Multi-Agent Generated Dataset for Advancing Medical Reasoning11 Jun 2025
- 2025ClinBench-HPB: A Clinical Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases30 May 2025
- 2024LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methodscited by 451
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedbackcited by 14
- 2026Pervasive Annotation Errors Break Text-to-SQL Benchmarks and Leaderboardscited by 12
- 2026Who Judges the Judge? Evaluating LLM-as-a-Judge for French Medical open-ended QAcited by 2
- 2026Developing and evaluating a chatbot to support maternal health carecited by 2
- 2026Semantic Needles in Document Haystacks: Sensitivity Testing of LLM-as-a-Judge Similarity Scoringcited by 2
- 2025ClinBench-HPB: A Clinical Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseasescited by 1
- 2025The Biased Oracle: Assessing LLMs' Understandability and Empathy in Medical Diagnosescited by 1
- 2026How Uncertain Is the Grade? A Benchmark of Uncertainty Metrics for LLM-Based Automatic Assessmentcited by 1
- 2026COGTRL: Training LLMs for Scientific Discovery Assistance using Cognitive Traces via Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2025LaQual: An Automated Framework for LLM App Quality Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026COGTRL: Training LLMs for Scientific Discovery Assistance using Cognitive Traces via Reinforcement Learning31 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic Needles in Document Haystacks: Sensitivity Testing of LLM-as-a-Judge Similarity Scoring20 Apr 2026
- 2026Developing and evaluating a chatbot to support maternal health care13 Mar 2026
- 2026Who Judges the Judge? Evaluating LLM-as-a-Judge for French Medical open-ended QA4 Mar 2026
- 2026How Uncertain Is the Grade? A Benchmark of Uncertainty Metrics for LLM-Based Automatic Assessment17 Feb 2026
- 2026Pervasive Annotation Errors Break Text-to-SQL Benchmarks and Leaderboards13 Jan 2026
- 2025The Biased Oracle: Assessing LLMs' Understandability and Empathy in Medical Diagnoses2 Nov 2025
- 2025LaQual: An Automated Framework for LLM App Quality Evaluation26 Aug 2025
- 2025ClinBench-HPB: A Clinical Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases30 May 2025
- 2024LLMs-as-Judges: A Comprehensive Survey on LLM-based Evaluation Methods7 Dec 2024
- 2024MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedback17 Oct 2024