mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Cross-Lingual Explanation of Artwork in Large-scale Vision Language Models

arXiv 2409.01584 ↗First posted 3 Sep 2024cs.CLcited by 7

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

As the performance of Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) improves, they are increasingly capable of responding in multiple languages, and there is an expectation that the demand for explanations generated by LVLMs will grow. However, pre-training of Vision Encoder and the integrated training of LLMs with Vision Encoder are mainly conducted using English training data, leaving it uncertain whether LVLMs can completely handle their potential when generating explanations in languages other than English. In addition, multilingual QA benchmarks that create datasets using machine translation have cultural differences and biases, remaining issues for use as evaluation tasks. To address these challenges, this study created an extended dataset in multiple languages without relying on machine translation. This dataset that takes into account nuances and country-specific phrases was then used to evaluate the generation explanation abilities of LVLMs. Furthermore, this study examined whether Instruction-Tuning in resource-rich English improves performance in other languages. Our findings indicate that LVLMs perform worse in languages other than English compared to English. In addition, it was observed that LVLMs struggle to effectively manage the knowledge learned from English data. Our dataset is available at https://huggingface.co/datasets/naist-nlp/MultiExpArt

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 43 of its 67 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Sep 2024.

Builds on

43 of 67 references.

Closest ancestors · 3

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond24 Aug
  2. 2023Kosmos-2: Grounding Multimodal Large Language Models to the World26 Jun
  3. 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation28 Jan

Other references · 40

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  3. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  4. 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
  5. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  6. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
  7. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
  8. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 13,028
  9. 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 12,049
  10. 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,512
  11. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,418
  12. 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,152
28 more
  1. 2024Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of contextcited by 3,224
  2. 2016Visual Genome: Connecting Language and Vision Using Crowdsourced Dense Image Annotationscited by 2,656
  3. 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,516
  4. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,506
  5. 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?cited by 2,141
  6. 2022Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answeringcited by 1,919
  7. 2024Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phonecited by 1,917
  8. 2015Microsoft COCO Captions: Data Collection and Evaluation Servercited by 1,462
  9. 2021Conceptual 12M: Pushing Web-Scale Image-Text Pre-Training To Recognize Long-Tail Visual Conceptscited by 1,216
  10. 2019OK-VQA: A Visual Question Answering Benchmark Requiring External Knowledgecited by 1,121
  11. 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captionscited by 1,005
  12. 2023SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehensioncited by 940
  13. 2018VizWiz Grand Challenge: Answering Visual Questions from Blind Peoplecited by 858
  14. 2022A-OKVQA: A Benchmark for Visual Question Answering using World Knowledgecited by 710
  15. 2023mPLUG-Owl2: Revolutionizing Multi-modal Large Language Model with Modality Collaborationcited by 547
  16. 2020TextCaps: a Dataset for Image Captioning with Reading Comprehensioncited by 400
  17. 2018DVQA: Understanding Data Visualizations via Question Answeringcited by 340
  18. 2024InternLM-XComposer2: Mastering Free-form Text-Image Composition and Comprehension in Vision-Language Large Modelcited by 326
  19. 2019KG-BERT: BERT for Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 324
  20. 2021IconQA: A New Benchmark for Abstract Diagram Understanding and Visual Language Reasoningcited by 267
  21. 2021xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 72
  22. 2024Knowledge Graphs Meet Multi-Modal Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 53
  23. 2024Can LLM Generate Culturally Relevant Commonsense QA Data? Case Study in Indonesian and Sundanesecited by 36
  24. 2024LLM-jp: A Cross-organizational Project for the Research and Development of Fully Open Japanese LLMscited by 33
  25. 2017iVQA: Inverse Visual Question Answeringcited by 22
  26. 2022Deep Lake: a Lakehouse for Deep Learningcited by 13
  27. 2021Unified Interpretation of Softmax Cross-Entropy and Negative Sampling: With Case Study for Knowledge Graph Embeddingcited by 7
  28. 2024Toward the Evaluation of Large Language Models Considering Score Variance across Instruction Templatescited by 7

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.

7 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Centurio: On Drivers of Multilingual Ability of Large Vision-Language Model
  2. 2026Multilingual Training and Evaluation Resources for Vision-Language Models
  3. 2025Rethinking Multilingual Vision-Language Translation: Dataset, Evaluation, and Adaptation
  4. 2024Towards Artwork Explanation in Large-scale Vision Language Models
  5. 2025TowerVision: Understanding and Improving Multilinguality in Vision-Language Models
  6. 2025Multilingual VLM Training: Adapting an English-Trained VLM to French
  7. 2024Constructing Multilingual Visual-Text Datasets Revealing Visual Multilingual Ability of Vision Language Models
  8. 2024Why do LLaVA Vision-Language Models Reply to Images in English?