YourMT3+: Multi-instrument Music Transcription with Enhanced Transformer Architectures and Cross-dataset Stem Augmentation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Multi-instrument music transcription aims to convert polyphonic music recordings into musical scores assigned to each instrument. This task is challenging for modeling as it requires simultaneously identifying multiple instruments and transcribing their pitch and precise timing, and the lack of fully annotated data adds to the training difficulties. This paper introduces YourMT3+, a suite of models for enhanced multi-instrument music transcription based on the recent language token decoding approach of MT3. We enhance its encoder by adopting a hierarchical attention transformer in the time-frequency domain and integrating a mixture of experts. To address data limitations, we introduce a new multi-channel decoding method for training with incomplete annotations and propose intra- and cross-stem augmentation for dataset mixing. Our experiments demonstrate direct vocal transcription capabilities, eliminating the need for voice separation pre-processors. Benchmarks across ten public datasets show our models' competitiveness with, or superiority to, existing transcription models. Further testing on pop music recordings highlights the limitations of current models. Fully reproducible code and datasets are available with demos at urlhttps://github.com/mimbres/YourMT3.
Key facts. Cited by 13 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 30 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jul 2024.
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30 of 51 references.
References · 30
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18 more
- 2018CREPE: A Convolutional Representation for Pitch Estimationcited by 109
- 2017Onsets and Frames: Dual-Objective Piano Transcriptioncited by 93
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 9.
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- 2025Aria-MIDI: A Dataset of Piano MIDI Files for Symbolic Music Modelingcited by 10
- 2025Unified Cross-modal Translation of Score Images, Symbolic Music, and Performance Audiocited by 6
- 2026MuScriptor: An Open Model for Multi-Instrument Music Transcriptioncited by 2
- 2026Towards Realistic Synthetic Data for Automatic Drum Transcriptioncited by 1
- 2026Music Transcription with (Almost) No Supervisioncited by 1
- 2026Anysynth:Zero-Shot Instrument Cloning via In-Context Learning and Asymmetric Hierarchical Guidancecited by 1
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Full-Song Generation: Hierarchical Autoregressive Planning Meets Flow-Matching Renderingcited by 1
- 2025RUMAA: Repeat-Aware Unified Music Audio Analysis for Score-Performance Alignment, Transcription, and Mistake Detectioncited by 0
- 2025Joint Transcription of Acoustic Guitar Strumming Directions and Chordscited by 0
- 2026Decomposer: Learning to Decompile Symbolic Music to Programscited by 0
- 2026MulTTiPop: A Multitrack Transcription Dataset for Pop Musiccited by 0
- 2026Playability-Aware Audio-to-Tablature Guitar Transcription via Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2026Synthesis and editing of multi-instrument audio mixtures using scalar-quantised latents with MIDI Span conditioning22 Sep 2026
- 2026Playability-Aware Audio-to-Tablature Guitar Transcription via Diffusion Models31 Aug 2026
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Full-Song Generation: Hierarchical Autoregressive Planning Meets Flow-Matching Rendering22 Jul 2026
- 2026Anysynth:Zero-Shot Instrument Cloning via In-Context Learning and Asymmetric Hierarchical Guidance13 Jul 2026
- 2026MulTTiPop: A Multitrack Transcription Dataset for Pop Music9 Jul 2026
- 2026MuScriptor: An Open Model for Multi-Instrument Music Transcription9 Jul 2026
- 2026Decomposer: Learning to Decompile Symbolic Music to Programs2 Jul 2026
- 2026Music Transcription with (Almost) No Supervision22 May 2026
- 2026Towards Realistic Synthetic Data for Automatic Drum Transcription14 Jan 2026
- 2025Joint Transcription of Acoustic Guitar Strumming Directions and Chords11 Aug 2025
- 2025RUMAA: Repeat-Aware Unified Music Audio Analysis for Score-Performance Alignment, Transcription, and Mistake Detection16 Jul 2025
- 2025Unified Cross-modal Translation of Score Images, Symbolic Music, and Performance Audio19 May 2025
1 more
- 2025Aria-MIDI: A Dataset of Piano MIDI Files for Symbolic Music Modelingcited by 10
- 2025Unified Cross-modal Translation of Score Images, Symbolic Music, and Performance Audiocited by 6
- 2026MuScriptor: An Open Model for Multi-Instrument Music Transcriptioncited by 2
- 2026Towards Realistic Synthetic Data for Automatic Drum Transcriptioncited by 1
- 2026Music Transcription with (Almost) No Supervisioncited by 1
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Full-Song Generation: Hierarchical Autoregressive Planning Meets Flow-Matching Renderingcited by 1
- 2025RUMAA: Repeat-Aware Unified Music Audio Analysis for Score-Performance Alignment, Transcription, and Mistake Detectioncited by 0
- 2025Joint Transcription of Acoustic Guitar Strumming Directions and Chordscited by 0
- 2026Decomposer: Learning to Decompile Symbolic Music to Programscited by 0
- 2026MulTTiPop: A Multitrack Transcription Dataset for Pop Musiccited by 0
- 2026Synthesis and editing of multi-instrument audio mixtures using scalar-quantised latents with MIDI Span conditioningcited by 0
- 2026Synthesis and editing of multi-instrument audio mixtures using scalar-quantised latents with MIDI Span conditioning22 Sep 2026
- 2026Pushing the Frontier of Full-Song Generation: Hierarchical Autoregressive Planning Meets Flow-Matching Rendering22 Jul 2026
- 2026MulTTiPop: A Multitrack Transcription Dataset for Pop Music9 Jul 2026
- 2026MuScriptor: An Open Model for Multi-Instrument Music Transcription9 Jul 2026
- 2026Decomposer: Learning to Decompile Symbolic Music to Programs2 Jul 2026
- 2026Music Transcription with (Almost) No Supervision22 May 2026
- 2026Towards Realistic Synthetic Data for Automatic Drum Transcription14 Jan 2026
- 2025Joint Transcription of Acoustic Guitar Strumming Directions and Chords11 Aug 2025
- 2025RUMAA: Repeat-Aware Unified Music Audio Analysis for Score-Performance Alignment, Transcription, and Mistake Detection16 Jul 2025
- 2025Unified Cross-modal Translation of Score Images, Symbolic Music, and Performance Audio19 May 2025
- 2025Aria-MIDI: A Dataset of Piano MIDI Files for Symbolic Music Modeling21 Apr 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2026MIDI-RAE-JEPA: Hierarchical Representation Learning and Generation for Symbolic Music
- 2026MIDI-LLaMA: An Instruction-Following Multimodal LLM for Symbolic Music Understanding
- 2025LeVo: High-Quality Song Generation with Multi-Preference Alignment
- 2024Quality-aware Masked Diffusion Transformer for Enhanced Music Generation
- 2025Auto-Regressive vs Flow-Matching: a Comparative Study of Modeling Paradigms for Text-to-Music Generation
- 2024Editing Music with Melody and Text: Using ControlNet for Diffusion Transformer
- 2026Pay (Cross) Attention to the Melody: Curriculum Masking for Single-Encoder Melodic Harmonization
- 2025InspireMusic: Integrating Super Resolution and Large Language Model for High-Fidelity Long-Form Music Generation