Explainable Few-shot Knowledge Tracing
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Abstract (arXiv)
Knowledge tracing (KT), aiming to mine students' mastery of knowledge by their exercise records and predict their performance on future test questions, is a critical task in educational assessment. While researchers achieved tremendous success with the rapid development of deep learning techniques, current knowledge tracing tasks fall into the cracks from real-world teaching scenarios. Relying heavily on extensive student data and solely predicting numerical performances differs from the settings where teachers assess students' knowledge state from limited practices and provide explanatory feedback. To fill this gap, we explore a new task formulation: Explainable Few-shot Knowledge Tracing. By leveraging the powerful reasoning and generation abilities of large language models (LLMs), we then propose a cognition-guided framework that can track the student knowledge from a few student records while providing natural language explanations. Experimental results from three widely used datasets show that LLMs can perform comparable or superior to competitive deep knowledge tracing methods. We also discuss potential directions and call for future improvements in relevant topics.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 May 2024.
Builds on
24 of 45 references.
References · 24
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- 2020Context-Aware Attentive Knowledge Tracingcited by 174
- 2019A Self-Attentive model for Knowledge Tracingcited by 172
12 more
- 2016Dynamic Key-Value Memory Networks for Knowledge Tracingcited by 171
- 2022Pangu-Weather: A 3D High-Resolution Model for Fast and Accurate Global Weather Forecastcited by 166
- 2019EKT: Exercise-aware Knowledge Tracing for Student Performance Predictioncited by 109
- 2020Towards an Appropriate Query, Key, and Value Computation for Knowledge Tracingcited by 81
- 2020RKT : Relation-Aware Self-Attention for Knowledge Tracingcited by 62
- 2022pyKT: A Python Library to Benchmark Deep Learning based Knowledge Tracing Modelscited by 52
- 2024Towards Modeling Learner Performance with Large Language Modelscited by 21
- 2015Learning Program Embeddings to Propagate Feedback on Student Codecited by 19
- 2021Interpretable Knowledge Tracing: Simple and Efficient Student Modeling with Causal Relationscited by 14
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- 2023MoocRadar: A Fine-grained and Multi-aspect Knowledge Repository for Improving Cognitive Student Modeling in MOOCscited by 11
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 6; 2026: 1.
8 papers.
- 2024Exploring Knowledge Tracing in Tutor-Student Dialogues using LLMscited by 46
- 2025Which Type of Students can LLMs Act? Investigating Authentic Simulation with Graph-based Human-AI Collaborative Systemcited by 9
- 2025Investigating Pedagogical Teacher and Student LLM Agents: Genetic Adaptation Meets Retrieval Augmented Generation Across Learning Stylecited by 4
- 2025Problems With Large Language Models for Learner Modelling: Why LLMs Alone Fall Short for Responsible Tutoring in K--12 Educationcited by 2
- 2025A Hierarchical Probabilistic Framework for Incremental Knowledge Tracing in Classroom Settingscited by 1
- 2025Language Bottleneck Models for Qualitative Knowledge State Modelingcited by 1
- 2025Ken Utilization Layer: Hebbian Replay Within a Student's Ken for Adaptive Exercise Recommendationcited by 0
- 2026Trustworthy Intelligent Education: A Systematic Perspective on Progress, Challenges, and Future Directionscited by 0
- 2026Trustworthy Intelligent Education: A Systematic Perspective on Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions29 Jan 2026
- 2025Problems With Large Language Models for Learner Modelling: Why LLMs Alone Fall Short for Responsible Tutoring in K--12 Education28 Dec 2025
- 2025Language Bottleneck Models for Qualitative Knowledge State Modeling20 Jun 2025
- 2025Ken Utilization Layer: Hebbian Replay Within a Student's Ken for Adaptive Exercise Recommendation18 Jun 2025
- 2025A Hierarchical Probabilistic Framework for Incremental Knowledge Tracing in Classroom Settings11 Jun 2025
- 2025Investigating Pedagogical Teacher and Student LLM Agents: Genetic Adaptation Meets Retrieval Augmented Generation Across Learning Style25 May 2025
- 2025Which Type of Students can LLMs Act? Investigating Authentic Simulation with Graph-based Human-AI Collaborative System17 Feb 2025
- 2024Exploring Knowledge Tracing in Tutor-Student Dialogues using LLMs24 Sep 2024