mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

LLM-driven Imitation of Subrational Behavior : Illusion or Reality?

arXiv 2402.08755 ↗First posted 13 Feb 2024cs.AI econ.GN q-fin.ECcited by 11

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Abstract (arXiv)

Modeling subrational agents, such as humans or economic households, is inherently challenging due to the difficulty in calibrating reinforcement learning models or collecting data that involves human subjects. Existing work highlights the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to address complex reasoning tasks and mimic human communication, while simulation using LLMs as agents shows emergent social behaviors, potentially improving our comprehension of human conduct. In this paper, we propose to investigate the use of LLMs to generate synthetic human demonstrations, which are then used to learn subrational agent policies though Imitation Learning. We make an assumption that LLMs can be used as implicit computational models of humans, and propose a framework to use synthetic demonstrations derived from LLMs to model subrational behaviors that are characteristic of humans (e.g., myopic behavior or preference for risk aversion). We experimentally evaluate the ability of our framework to model sub-rationality through four simple scenarios, including the well-researched ultimatum game and marshmallow experiment. To gain confidence in our framework, we are able to replicate well-established findings from prior human studies associated with the above scenarios. We conclude by discussing the potential benefits, challenges and limitations of our framework.

Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 80 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Feb 2024.

Builds on

36 of 80 references.

References · 36

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24 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.

11 papers.

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Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Take Caution in Using LLMs as Human Surrogates: Scylla Ex Machina
  2. 2025LLMs Model Non-WEIRD Populations: Experiments with Synthetic Cultural Agents
  3. 2024Simulating Human Strategic Behavior: Comparing Single and Multi-agent LLMs
  4. 2026Interpreting and Steering LLM Agents for Social Simulations
  5. 2024Systematic Biases in LLM Simulations of Debates
  6. 2025SimBench: Benchmarking the Ability of Large Language Models to Simulate Human Behaviors
  7. 2024Computational Experiments Meet Large Language Model Based Agents: A Survey and Perspective
  8. 2026Improving Behavioral Alignment in LLM Social Simulations via Context Formation and Navigation