Rethinking Skill Extraction in the Job Market Domain using Large Language Models
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
Abstract (arXiv)
Skill Extraction involves identifying skills and qualifications mentioned in documents such as job postings and resumes. The task is commonly tackled by training supervised models using a sequence labeling approach with BIO tags. However, the reliance on manually annotated data limits the generalizability of such approaches. Moreover, the common BIO setting limits the ability of the models to capture complex skill patterns and handle ambiguous mentions. In this paper, we explore the use of in-context learning to overcome these challenges, on a benchmark of 6 uniformized skill extraction datasets. Our approach leverages the few-shot learning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to identify and extract skills from sentences. We show that LLMs, despite not being on par with traditional supervised models in terms of performance, can better handle syntactically complex skill mentions in skill extraction tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 14 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Feb 2024.
Builds on
14 of 39 references.
References · 14
- 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
- 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,907
- 2021What Makes Good In-Context Examples for GPT-3?cited by 1,184
- 2023Bias and Fairness in Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 626
- 2023Large Language Model Is Not a Good Few-shot Information Extractor, but a Good Reranker for Hard Samples!cited by 119
- 2022Thinking about GPT-3 In-Context Learning for Biomedical IE? Think Againcited by 83
- 2023An Empirical Study on Information Extraction using Large Language Modelscited by 46
- 2022SkillSpan: Hard and Soft Skill Extraction from English Job Postingscited by 41
- 2018Learning Representations for Soft Skill Matchingcited by 19
- 2023ESCOXLM-R: Multilingual Taxonomy-driven Pre-training for the Job Market Domaincited by 14
- 2022Skill Extraction from Job Postings using Weak Supervisioncited by 13
- 2020Salience and Market-aware Skill Extraction for Job Targetingcited by 11
2 more
- 2022"FIJO": a French Insurance Soft Skill Detection Datasetcited by 8
- 2021SkillNER: Mining and Mapping Soft Skills from any Textcited by 6
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 5.
10 papers.
- 2024Gender Bias in LLM-generated Interview Responsescited by 10
- 2024llmNER: (Zero|Few)-Shot Named Entity Recognition, Exploiting the Power of Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025Prompt Engineer: Analyzing Hard and Soft Skill Requirements in the AI Job Marketcited by 3
- 2026Noise-Aware Named Entity Recognition for Historical VET Documentscited by 1
- 2025Tec-Habilidad: Skill Classification for Bridging Education and Employmentcited by 0
- 2025NLPnorth @ TalentCLEF 2025: Comparing Discriminative, Contrastive, and Prompt-Based Methods for Job Title and Skill Matchingcited by 0
- 2026Leveraging LLMs For Turkish Skill Extractioncited by 0
- 2026Job Skill Extraction via LLM-Centric Multi-Module Frameworkcited by 0
- 2026Forecasting Green Skill Demand in the Automotive Industry: Evidence from Online Job Postingscited by 0
- 2026Overview of the TalentCLEF 2026: Skill and Job Title Intelligence for Human Capital Managementcited by 0
- 2026Overview of the TalentCLEF 2026: Skill and Job Title Intelligence for Human Capital Management30 Jun 2026
- 2026Forecasting Green Skill Demand in the Automotive Industry: Evidence from Online Job Postings6 May 2026
- 2026Job Skill Extraction via LLM-Centric Multi-Module Framework23 Apr 2026
- 2026Leveraging LLMs For Turkish Skill Extraction30 Jan 2026
- 2026Noise-Aware Named Entity Recognition for Historical VET Documents1 Jan 2026
- 2025NLPnorth @ TalentCLEF 2025: Comparing Discriminative, Contrastive, and Prompt-Based Methods for Job Title and Skill Matching23 Jun 2025
- 2025Prompt Engineer: Analyzing Hard and Soft Skill Requirements in the AI Job Market29 May 2025
- 2025Tec-Habilidad: Skill Classification for Bridging Education and Employment5 Mar 2025
- 2024Gender Bias in LLM-generated Interview Responses28 Oct 2024
- 2024llmNER: (Zero|Few)-Shot Named Entity Recognition, Exploiting the Power of Large Language Models6 Jun 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Computational Job Market Analysis with Natural Language Processing
- 2026Chinese-SkillSpan: A Span-Level Dataset for ESCO-Aligned Competency Extraction from Chinese Job Ads
- 2025Enhancing Talent Employment Insights Through Feature Extraction with LLM Finetuning
- 2026SkillSight: Calibrating Generic Content Bias for Skill Retrieval
- 2026Skills Know Their Neighbors: Cluster-Contrastive Capability Pages for Skill Retrieval
- 2025A Multi-Stage Framework with Taxonomy-Guided Reasoning for Occupation Classification Using Large Language Models
- 2026Prompt2Skill: Unsupervised Skill Optimization From Natural Language Instructions
- 2024Skill matching at scale: freelancer-project alignment for efficient multilingual candidate retrieval